论德性伦理复兴中的反理论思想

20世纪五六十年代之后,西方德性伦理的复兴成为当代伦理学发展的前沿领域。在德性伦理过程的发展中,麦金太尔、威廉斯等人认为,自近代以来,德性的失落与现代道德哲学中过度扩张理性以构建所谓的规则密切相关。他们就此批判康德的理性和绝对命令,力主伦理反理论的思想,开创了反理论的德性伦理思想的复兴之路。     

Constellations of risk factors as moderators of the impact of a randomized intervention on students’ reading skills in rural India

Individual, family and community risk factors might determine the success or failure of educational interventions. The study is a secondary analysis, aimed at identifying distinctive constellations of risk for educational attainment, and at exploring whether membership to these constellations moderated the impact of a cluster-randomized reading intervention in rural India. By means of latent profile analysis, four constellations of risk were identified based on individual and family risk-factors. Multilevel cumulative logit models confirmed that the intervention had a positive impact on the outcome, and revealed that profile membership did not moderate the effect of the intervention. However more nuanced analysis showed that the intervention worked differently for children with different risk-profiles depending on contextual factors.     

西晋咏物赋的发展与赋体文学观的变化

西晋文人大量地创作咏物赋,咏物赋成为他们关注日常现实生活的一种表现方式。西晋咏物赋题材生活化,描摹事物生动形象,富于理的内涵,与前代的咏物赋相比,西晋咏物赋不仅题材扩大了,在艺术上也有长足的发展。西晋咏物赋的繁荣体现了赋体文学观的发展变化,倾向于征实①,追求穷形尽相,讲究分赋物理等,对后来的文学都有深远的影响。     

西部民族地区返乡农民工创业培训与发展的个案研究

我国＂三农＂问题凸显,己经成为当代中国经济社会发展的＂三农难题＂,成为制约我国经济发展的一个瓶颈。把西部民族地区返乡农民工创业作为研究的切入点,以贵州省铜仁地区为例,分析铜仁地区农民工创业的现状、存在问题、机遇及作用,探索铜仁地区返乡农民工创业培训与发展的成功经验和黄英个案,提出进一步促进西部民族地区返乡农民工创业的对策。     

国家创新发展绩效格局分析方法与实证研究

创新发展已经成为世界潮流,全球创新发展绩效格局正在经历深刻变革,科学监测创新发展绩效格局演进方向是政府和学术界共同关注的问题。本文界定了“国家格局”、“格局分析方法”、“国家格局分析方法”等基本概念,研究提出了国家创新发展绩效格局二维分析方法,并选择40个国家创新发展指数和创新能力指数及其子指数排名进行了实证研究。本文主要得出三个结论：（1）基于国家创新能力和国家创新发展水平指数排名,采用K-均值聚类法将40个国家分为四类,即创新引领型国家、创新先进型国家、创新追赶型国家和非常规创新追赶型国家;（2）增加辅助特征量“人均GDP”以气泡图形式分析国家创新发展绩效格局的研究发现,经济发展水平（以人均GDP衡量）较高的国家,其创新发展指数与创新能力指数通常排名也较高,说明经济发展水平与国家创新发展绩效高度正相关;（3）分别增加辅助特征量“GDP”和“人均GDP”以气泡图形式分析国家创新能力格局的研究发现,经济规模（以GDP衡量）较大的国家,其创新实力指数排名通常较高,经济发展水平（以人均GDP衡量）较高的国家,其创新效力指数排名通常较高。     

政府资助国际合作效果的国别和学科差异研究

以收录于Web…of…Science的国家自然科学基金资助论文为对象,从高被引论文和平均引用影响两个视角,评价我国与G7国家的合作效果。研究表明,美国是第一大合作伙伴,加拿大、日本、英国、德国和法国与我国的合作规模相当,意大利与我国合作最少;在提升国际合作影响力(高被引论文份额和平均引用影响)方面,NSFC对数学、化学与化工、以及物理学与材料科学领域的提升作用明显,但这种提升效果因合作国家不同而异;NSFC资助对国际合作影响力提升作用较好的领域也是我国总体上实力相对较强的领域,而需要付出更大努力的是我国影响力远低于世界平均水平的领域(如环境与生态学、神经科学与行为学、微生物学、分子生物学与遗传学、以及临床医学等),NSFC资助的国际合作效果甚至不及非NSFC资助的国际合作。文末提出资助政策建议。     

试论《明人十二像册》高度写真风格的中国渊源

现藏于南京博物院的一批无款写真头像《明人十二像册》,是中国写实画的一座高峰。对于这个像册的绘画风格,现当代学者多半都偏向认为是受到西方绘画的影响。但经与西方圣像画比较研究,像册仍属于中国本土的绘画传统,受到了宋代山水画和花鸟画高度写真精神的影响。     

Leveraging microgrants to support capacity-building workshops in low- and middle-income countries for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals

Twenty fifteen marked the year of assessment for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs that achieved the greatest success were those where evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions were implemented. The ability to practice evidence-based medicine is grounded in the creation of and access to medical literature that synthesizes research findings. The role that global health literature played in the success of the MDGs demonstrates that medical libraries and librarians have a role to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Librarians can hold capacity-building workshops that provide instruction on how to access evidence-based literature and also train health professionals to conduct synthesis research. Research findings conducted by in-country health professionals are more likely to address issues being faced by local communities and will afford the possibility of obtaining the necessary evidence-based answers that can then be used to implement policies to resolve public health issues identified in the SDGs.This paper discusses how an international team of librarians leveraged funding from a Medical Library Association/Librarians without Borders/Elsevier Foundation/Research4Life grant to hold a capacity-building workshop in Zimbabwe and follow-up online trainings. The workshop focused on accessing evidence-based resources and conducting synthesis research. Outcomes included the creation and policy implementation of evidence-based knowledge products in alignment with local needs and galvanizing a multisectoral group of key individuals who have gone on to collaborate toward the vision of creating a Zimbabwe innovation hub. Looking ahead, such grants can be leveraged to conduct capacity-building to support knowledge translation and other local training needs.     

中西结合治疗子宫颈炎疗效观察及体会

子宫颈炎是妇科常见病、多发病.为探讨中西结合治疗子宫颈炎的方法,近几年来,使用以黄柏粉为主的七味中药加西药红霉素局部治疗子宫颈炎患者300例,其中急性子宫颈炎80例,治愈率为100%,慢性子宫颈炎220例,治愈率为82%,收到了良好的治疗效果.而且这种治疗方法无不良反应,病人乐于接受,优于其它子宫颈炎的治疗方法.     

论自由贸易区对发展中国家FDI拉动效应的差异——从经济地理条件角度对东盟国家与墨西哥的比较

自由贸易区对成员国FDI产生拉动效应的起点是其共同政策与制度能改变成员国经济地理条件,从而打破跨国公司的原有优势格局、优化成员国投资环境。自由贸易区对发展中国家FDI的拉动效应是有差异的,北美自由贸易区和东盟自由贸易区具有不同的成员国组成状况,并分别实践了两种不同内涵的自由贸易区制度安排,因而对东盟国家和墨西哥的FDI产生了两种不同的效果。据此可以推断,针对性地选择自由贸易区合作对象国,设置一系列健全并卓有成效的共同政策与制度是增强自由贸易区FDI效应的前提与基础;而保持自身宏观经济稳定和综合性国际投资环境比较优势则是自由贸易区成员国在区域引资竞争中赢得更多机会的关键。