The emergence of China as a leading nation in science

China has become the fifth leading nation in terms of its share of the world's scientific publications. The citation rate of papers with a Chinese address for the corresponding author also exhibits exponential growth. More specifically, China has become a major player in critical technologies like nanotechnology. Although it is difficult to delineate nanoscience and nanotechnology, we show that China has recently achieved a position second only to that of the USA. Funding for R&D has been growing exponentially, but since 1997 even more in terms of business expenditure than in terms of government expenditure. It seems that the Chinese government has effectively used the public-sector research potential to boost the knowledge-based economy of the country. Thus, China may be achieving the (“Lisbon”) objectives of the transition to a knowledge-based economy more broadly and rapidly than its western counterparts. Because of the sustained increase in Chinese government funding and the virtually unlimited reservoir of highly skilled human resources, one may expect a continuation of this growth pattern in the near future.     

基于WEB的信息检索多媒体CAI课件的优化设计

本文介绍了基于Web的信息检索多媒体CAI课件的实质，在分析信息检索多媒体CAI课件利弊的基础上，探讨了基于Web的信息检索多媒体CAI课件优化设计应遵循的原则及开发的一般策略。     

在开放中进步的中国水彩画

首届＂上海朱家角国际水彩画双年展＂是国际上第一个水彩画专题双年展,是2010年上海世博会主要文化交流活动之一,笔者的作品《修补.状态》有幸入选来自全球19个国家和地区的258幅作品之中。中国水彩画从对西方的学习、吸收,发展到创作出符合我们民族、我们心境的佳作;中国水彩画家正以深厚的文化底蕴、哲学观念,逐步地探寻着水彩画的新方向,为世界水彩艺术添砖加瓦。     

英国文学现实主义风格的形成

＂愤怒的青年＂的文学创作是对19世纪英国传统现实主义文学的继承和发展,是来自英国社会底层的人们对其生存意义的严肃思考,是对英国资本主义社会种种尖锐矛盾的揭露。＂愤怒的青年＂的现实主义风格的形成是第二次世界大战后英国社会发展的必然结果,有着极其重要的社会意义和文学地位。     

基于灰色系统GM（1,1）的组合预测模型及其应用

建立了一种基于灰色系统GM（1,1）的组合预测模型,该模型的预测结果是一个区间.建立的模型提高了预测精度及实用性,并进一步将其应用于上海世博会入园参观人数的预测.     

从《平凡的世界》解析路遥受欢迎的原因

著名作家路遥的作品,尤其是他的长篇巨著《平凡的世界》,至今依然深受广大读者的喜爱。究其因,一方面是读者对路遥“用生命写作”和“为读者而写”人格的尊崇,另一方面是读者与《平凡的世界》中所蕴合的对苦难的抗争与超越、对道德的呼唤以及对生命意义的追求等精神意蕴产生的强烈共鸣。     

二战时期英瑞在转运德军及战争物资问题上的纠葛

二战期间英法盟军在挪威的失败,使得希特勒轻而易举地控制了斯堪的纳维亚半岛。因战争需要,德国要求瑞典允许德国军队和战争物资经由瑞典铁路转运。作为该地区唯一中立的国家,瑞典已经陷入极端孤立的境地,只得暂时答应德国的要求;然而英国反对这种做法。英瑞双方就转运德军和战争物资问题展开磋商,纠葛了很长时间,直至战争快要结束才最终了结。     

Mario Bunge (1919–2020): Physicist,philosopher, champion of science,and citizen of the world

Mario Bunge, the centenarian Argentine/Canadian physicist/philosopher passed away in the loving company of his wife Marta and children Eric and Silvia on February 24, 2020 in Montréal, Ontario. This memoriam reviews his life and work, particularly his contributions to physics and philosophy of science.     

The Joint Establishment of the World Federation of Scientific Workers and of UNESCO After World War II

The World Federation of Scientific Workers (WFScW) and UNESCO share roots in the Social Relations of Science (SRS) movements and in the Franco-British scientific relations which developed in the 1930s. In this historical context (the Great Depression, the rise of Fascism and the Nazi use of science, the social and intellectual fascination for the USSR), a new model of scientific internationalism emerged, where science and politics mixed. Many progressive scientists were involved in the war efforts against Nazism, and tried to prolong their international commitments into peacetime. They contributed to the establishment of the WFScW and of UNESCO in 1945–1946. Neither the WFScW nor UNESCO succeeded in achieving their initial aims. Another world emerged from the immediate post-war years, but it was not the world fancied by the progressive scientists from the mould of scientific internationalism. The aim of this article is to follow the path from the Franco-British networks towards the establishment of the WFScW and UNESCO; from an ideological scientific internationalism towards practical projects. It is to understand how these two bodies came to embody two different scientific internationalisms during the Cold War.

德国的体育与媒介：德国足球与体育媒介的里程碑和基本事实

体育在德国大众传媒中占据非常重要的地位。从报纸到广播电视再到新媒体时代,体育都是媒介内容中的重要元素。足球更是占据了体育内容中的核心地位。体育是如何被大众媒介转变的,大众媒介如何受到体育的影响,一直是媒介研究的核心内容之一。在德国电视史上,收视率排名前十位的节目全部是有德国队参加的世界杯和欧洲杯足球赛的赛事转播,其中收视率最高的是于2014年7月13日举行的巴西世界杯决赛德国队与阿根廷队之间的较量,超过三千万德国民众收看了这场比赛的电视转播。因此,世界杯足球赛对于德国社会和体育新闻而言具有重要的影响。研究梳理了德国足球的发展史,以作者主编的《2011国际体育媒介调查》中的数据为依托,以从1994年美国世界杯开始到2014年巴西世界杯期间20年中的世界杯和欧洲杯足球赛为主要研究对象。
　　通过对比,研究发现了不少转变：例如1994年世界杯时,德国电视台转播一场足球比赛的时间是219分钟,到2014年世界杯时已经提升到550分钟。转播过程中比赛所占的比例从1994年的49%下降到2014年的23%。德国民众对体育尤其是足球的狂热,每年可以带来30亿欧元的商业赞助。《2011国际体育媒介调查》在对世界五大洲23个国家和地区81家平面媒体的18340篇文章展开的大数据分析研究发现,受关注度最高的项目依次是足球、网球、英式橄榄球、曲棍球、冰球、自行车、篮球、澳式橄榄球、高尔夫球和马术比赛,其中足球一项就占据41%的比例,网球和英式橄榄球的比例分别为8%和5%。另一方面,撰写体育新闻的平面媒体记者中90%以上为男性。此外,在足球占据体育报道的比例上,罗马尼亚、葡萄牙、巴西、希腊、德国、波兰、苏格兰、南非、法国和瑞士是最高的,其中罗马尼亚媒体报道的比例高达85%。