Help-seeking tendencies during early adolescence: An examination of motivational correlates and consequences for achievement

The present study examined the motivational correlates and achievement consequences of students’ help-seeking tendencies during sixth grade (N = 217). Students’ grades were collected from school records at the beginning and end of the school year. Midway through the year students reported on their academic self-efficacy and social demonstration goals; teachers reported on students’ help-seeking tendencies. First quarter grades and academic self-efficacy were positively related to adaptive help seeking and negatively related to avoidant help seeking. In addition, a social demonstration-approach goal was negatively related to adaptive help seeking. Help-seeking tendencies predicted 3rd quarter grades, controlling for 1st quarter grades.     

学生青春期叛逆心理问题探析

青春期是我们每个人都必须要经历的重要时期,这一时期是人生转型和塑形的关键时期。这一时期大部分学生的独立意识和自我发展意识增强,他们迫切希望摆脱各方面的制约,但由于缺乏正确的自我认识能力,他们会受到各种舆论的影响,在这一时期会出现各种各样的思想道德问题。鉴于这一时期的重要性,必须引起我们的足够重视,努力找出出现问题的原因并探索出解决这一问题的途径与方法。     

改善智障学生青春期心理教育策略刍议

青春期是人生的一个关键时期,对处在青春期的智障学生来说,由于身心缺陷,对他们的心理发展带来极大的影响,所以对智障学生进行青春期教育显得尤为重要。我们应通过恰当的青春期教育帮助他们更好地认识自我,安全度过青春期。     

Reliability and discriminative ability of a modified Wingate rowing test in 12- to 18-year-old rowers

Abstract

We evaluated (1) the test–retest reliability of the Wingate test conducted on a rowing ergometer, and (2) the sensitivity of this test in determining the differences in performance attained by 12- to 18-year-old rowers. Altogether, 297 male rowers aged 12.0–18.9 years (mean ± s: 14.8 ± 1.7) completed a maximal 30-s test on a rowing ergometer, and 80 rowers representing all age groups were retested after 5–7 days. No change was evident in participants' performance in terms of mean power output (P = 0.726; Cohen's d = 0.04), maximal power output (P = 0.567; Cohen's d = 0.06), and minimum power output (P = 0.318; Cohen's d = 0.11) in the second test. The intra-class correlation coefficients were high (≥0.973) and coefficients of variation were low (≤7.3%). A series of analyses of variance were used to compare the performances among 12- to 18-year-old rowers, and age-related increases in performance were evident (P < 0.001; Cohen's d = 1.91–1.96). The age-related increases in performance were similar, although reduced, when the effects of body mass were partitioned out when using analysis of covariance (P < 0.001; Cohen's d = 0.82–0.85). The results suggest that: (1) the described test is reliable and can be used for maximal-intensity exercise assessment in youth rowing, and (2) it discriminates performance among 12- to-18-year-old rowers.     

A developmental perspective on decision making in sports

The aim of this narrative review article is to provide a developmental perspective on decision making in sports. Although there is extensive research investigating the influence of decision making on sports performance, research examining how athletes' decision making develops is almost non-existent. We take a developmental perspective to advance our understanding of the theoretical foundations, empirical findings, and practical applications of research on decision making in sports. We provide a framework for understanding choices in sports over the course of ontogenetic development. This framework can be used to guide future research and applications.     

聋生性知识来源及青春期教育现状调查

本研究对上海市聋哑学校的部分1 2～1 9岁共92名聋生进行了性知识了解状况和青春期教育状况的调查研究,结果显示:青春期聋生的性知识相对缺乏,他们获得性知识的主要途径为电视、同学或朋友、课外读物等,较少使用的途径是热线电话、录像、因特网,广播等。青春期教育对聋生来说非常重要,学校的教师和家长对聋生已进行了有针对性的教育,但仍需要改进。     

苦闷与亢奋--论中国现代作家的青春激情与理想人生

综观中国现代作家的思想发展历程，我们可以发现这样一个显著的特点：他们走向文坛时虽然都很年轻，却都富有崇高的人生理想；他们家庭的经济条件也都非常不错，但却敢于背叛自己的阶级出身而成为中国现代化政治革命的追随者；他们都具有接受良好教育的可能，却自觉放弃了自己的学业成为了呼唤现代文明的时代歌手，正是由于他们的存在，为中国现代文学增添了无穷的生命活力；同样也正是由于他们的存在，使20世纪中国文学充满者强烈的浪漫主义色彩。     

Gender differences in adolescents’ choice of heroes and admired adults in five countries

Seven hundred and sixty-eight adolescents from five countries and regions (USA, Spain, Hong Kong, Qatar, and Malaysia), aged 13–19 (M?=?15.78; SD?=?1.28) years, responded to a questionnaire designed to determine who was their most admired famous adult or hero. Male heroes clearly outnumbered admired females (73.3% vs. 26.7%). There was a pattern of same-sex choices, but it was more likely for girls to choose male heroes than for boys to choose females. Over half of the admired adults were athletes, and movie, television, and music stars. Regarding the personally known adults, there was a more balanced choice of males and females, with parents as the most frequent choice. Results suggest that society continues to fail in providing an adequate supply of female role models.     

The social-cognitive mechanisms regulating adolescents' use of doping substances

Abstract

In this study, we assessed the longitudinal effects of social-cognitive mechanisms on the self-reported use of doping substances and supplements among Italian high school students. In total, 1232 students completed questionnaires measuring various psychological factors hypothesized to influence students' intention to use substances. Three months later, 762 of the students completed the same questionnaires a second time and also reported their use of substances during the time between assessments. Overall, the percentages of students using doping substances (2.1%) or supplements (14.4%) were consistent with values reported in the literature. Analysis of the data showed that adolescents' intention to use doping substances increased with stronger attitudes about doping, stronger beliefs that significant others would approve of their use, a stronger conviction that doping use can be justified, and a lowered capacity to resist situational pressure or personal desires. In turn, stronger intentions and moral disengagement contributed to a greater use of doping substances during the previous 3 months. Doping use was also correlated significantly to supplementation. In conclusion, our results provide novel information about some of the psychological processes possibly regulating adolescents' use of doping substances and supplements. The results also highlight possible areas for future study and intervention, focusing on the prevention of adolescents' substance use.