略论专利法的修改对高校科研工作的促进

修改后的专利法更加注重保护专利权人的利益，这一价值取向对高校科研工作具有重大意义。它不仅有利于调动高校科研工作的积极性，提高科研效率，而且有助于促进高校科研成果转化为现实生产力。     

正确运用学生的竞争心理提高体育教学效益

竞赛,是体育运动的基本特征。学校体育教学应充分发掘竞争因素,以促进学生主动、活泼地投入身体练习,提高体育教学效益和社会效益。     

Dyslexia and second language reading: A second bite at the apple?

An unexpected and remarkable preference for second language reading among some dyslexics has been noted, presenting a challenge to accepted theory on dyslexia and the capacity for second language learning. The current study was designed to examine this phenomenon by systematically looking at the differential reading scores in the first and second languages of reading-disabled young Swedish adults who claimed to prefer reading in their second language (English). Three groups were selected for study: a group of 10 reading-disabled young adults who prefer to read English; a second group of 10 reading-disabled with no special preference for second language reading, matched on word recognition efficiency, age group, gender and educational level and a group of 10 normal readers matched on age group and educational level. The test battery was designed to compare overall reading efficiency in English and Swedish and therefore encompassed both speed and accuracy measures. The battery covered seven phonological measures, four orthographic measures,three isolated word reading measures, two continuous text reading measures, a comprehension task and an author recognition task. All tasks were carried out in both English and Swedish. The results showed that two dyslexic groups differed significantly in the degree to which task performance, including reading efficiency, was impeded by the English format. A tentative hypothesis was forwarded as to how the exceptional and unexpected facility with English might be explained.     

The vice and virtue of conflict in boards: A longitudinal study into the effect of conflicts and cohesion on the task performance of supervisory school boards in the Netherlands

The increased diversity and autonomy of schools calls for a more professional approach to school governance. In response, attention has been directed to the structure of school boards in the Netherlands. However, previous research indicates that the effectiveness of governance is not so much about structure as it is about behaviour. Conflict, in particular, appears to be an important underexposed factor in the effective behaviour of school boards. In a longitudinal research design, a survey using Likert-scale items was distributed in 2016 and 2017 to executive directors of schools in the Netherlands to gauge their assessment of conflicts within the supervisory school board. Hierarchical regression analyses and moderator analyses were used to test the hypotheses. An increase in task-related conflicts were found to have a clear positive effect on the task performance of supervisory boards. An increase in numbers of relational conflicts had a negative effect on the control task performance, while an increase in process-related conflicts had a negative effect on the advisory task performance. The cohesion within a supervisory board proved to be an important moderator of the effect of task-related conflicts and relationship conflicts on the control task performance. The results from this research underline the need for a multidimensional conceptualisation of conflict in supervisory boards. The need for further research on the interaction between cohesion and conflicts is underscored. Boards should make room for substantive debate and even for the inevitable friction and irritation that is sometimes inherent in being effective in managing schools.     

深度学习视域下的高中物理教学探研

深度学习是一种能够促进学生对知识理解和应用的新兴模式。在高中物理教学中,引入深度学习模式,能够改善学生的学习现状,培养学生的学习能力,提高教学效率和教学质量,提升学生的物理核心素养。文章结合教学实践,对深度学习视域下的高中物理教学进行探研。     

虚拟仿真技术在技工院校数控加工专业实训教学中的应用

本文探讨虚拟仿真技术在技工院校数控加工专业实训教学中的应用,在保证实习教学安全和实习效果的前提下,减少实习材料消耗,既降低实习成本又同时提高实训效率,从而提高办学效益。     

数科学高效课堂,还看“趣味”导入

随着时代的开放与进步,现代中学生的视野更加开阔、思维更加活跃,教师面临的教育内容也愈发丰富起来。面对纷繁复杂的教育任务时,教师首要应该做的是静下心,思考怎样才能在有限的课堂中吸引学生的目光,让课堂因我们的安排而妙趣横生,从而轻松达成高效课堂。唯有如此,教师才能以不变应万变,跳出单一的填鸭式教学、出大力无功返的困顿局面,并能自然而然地赢得学生的尊敬、家长的拥护以及社会的支持。     

湖南岳阳杨树人工林光能利用率动态特征分析

植物光能利用率（Light Use Efficiency,LUE）作为表征植被利用光能合成生物化学能效率的重要指标,直接影响到生态系统生产力。本文使用2006年4月-10月湖南岳阳站通量观测资料,探讨杨树人工林不同时间尺度的光能利用率动态特征。结果表明：①杨树人工林生态系统典型晴天LUE_（30min）存在明显的＂V＂形日变化,其值介于（13.18~45.28）mmol/mol,最低值都出现在中午前后;②5日累计光能利用率（LUE_5）季节动态呈双峰型变化,峰值分别出现在5月初（42.57mmol/mol）和7月中旬（57.50mmol/mol）;③月尺度光能利用率（LUEmon）分别为24.79、27.85、20.95、42.27、32.60、24.91和10.47mmol/mol,最大值出现在7月份,且LUE_（mon）最大值较LUE5和LUE_（30min）低,最小值较LUE5和LUE_（30min）高。这些结果将为提高生态系统资源的利用提供重要的定量化依据。     

基于能值和DEA的中国城市新陈代谢效率分析

本文运用能值理论及数据包络分析方法(DEA)系统研究了2010年和2000年中国31个案例城市的新陈代谢效率特征及发展机制。结果显示,中西部城市的非可再生资源能值占系统能值总量的比例较高;而上海、北京、深圳等经济发达城市则以进出口能值为主要构成成分。2010年上海、北京、广州、深圳、沈阳、西安、杭州和海口8个案例城市达到新陈代谢效率的DEA有效,其它23个非DEA有效的城市中,绝大多数的非可再生资源投入冗余率、废弃物投入冗余率和出口改善率有待提高。此外,对城市新陈代谢效率的机制分析表明,产业结构、城市化、经济发展和人口集聚要素对于城市新陈代谢效率具有较为显著的正面影响,未来应有的放矢地从以上方面调控城市新陈代谢效率。     

1971-2010年柴达木盆地可降水量变化特征及其与气象条件分析

利用1971-2010年40a柴达木盆地8个气象站及盆地外缘托勒气象站的水汽压、月降水量资料,运用整层大气可降水量经验公式,计算了柴达木盆地大气可降水量和降水转化率。结果表明,近40a柴达木盆地可降水量、降水量、降水转化率均呈波动增加趋势。可降水量在20世纪70年代初到80年代中期相对较低,90年代后逐渐增多,总体呈先降后增的变化趋势。近40a春、夏季呈持续增长趋势,而秋、冬季20世纪80年代呈弱的减少趋势,90年代后呈持续增长趋势;可降水量变化趋势在空间上表现为自东南向西北增加的分布特征,这与可降水量多少的空间分布特征相反。气温是影响柴达木盆地可降水量变化的最主要气候因子,其次为日照,而相对湿度对柴达木盆地可降水量变化的影响相对较小。本文的分析表明,多雨年与少雨年可降水量保持相对稳定,可降水量与多雨、少雨年并无直接关系。降水量的多少是大尺度环流背景下的水汽输送、交换及降水转化率共同作用的结果。