科举制度的社会流动视角

社会流动是个人或群体在社会分层中地位的升迁或降落。本文从社会流动的视角来考察科举制度,分析科举制与社会流动的历史渊源以及科举制度对我国古代社会阶层流动的贡献,并探寻科举制促进社会流动的深层原因。     

Early career teachers’ sense of professional agency in the classroom: associations with turnover intentions and perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction

Teachers’ capacity to learn intentionally and responsively in the classroom is particularly vulnerable during the first years in the profession. This study investigated the interrelations between early career teachers’ turnover intentions, perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction, and sense of professional agency in the classroom. The survey data were collected from 284 in-service teachers with not more than 5 years of experience and analysed by structural equation modelling (SEM). The results showed that the negative relation between turnover intentions and early career teachers’ sense of professional agency was completely mediated by perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction. The results indicate that experiences of insufficient abilities to solve pedagogically and socially challenging student situations have a crucial effect on early career teacher’s capacity for adaptive reflection and active transformation of instruction.     

构建我国高校教师良性流动机制

随着市场经济体制的不断完善和教师主体意识的增强，高校问教师流动速度大大加快，导致教师资源分布的不合理，教师过剩与短缺、开发与浪费并存的现象普遍存在，教师资源总体配置效益不高。构建我国高校教师良性流动机制要坚持教师与高校共同效益最大化的原则，处理好“流”与“留”的关系。高校教师良性流动机制主要包括“来去自由”、“信息化”、“柔性化”、”三个留人”等流动机制。     

关于高职院校创业教育中的理财实训建设

面对我国高等教育从精英阶段到大众阶段转变而出现的大学生就业难的严峻局面，高职院校实施创业教育已刻不容缓。这里应把提高学生的创业素质和创业技能，包括理财能力放在突出位置．同时，高职院校加强理财实训建设应正确处理好就业与创业以及理财中的“专心致志”和“博闻广识”之间的关系。     

2001年华东师范大学毕业生就业状况的调查分析

为了解毕业生就业现状，增强职业指导的针对性，本对华东师范大学2001年毕业生的就业状况进行了调查，调查内容涉及毕业生的就业过程、就业意向、就业指导、学校教育等，并对调查结果进行了研究分析，以期对高校职业指导工作有所启发。     

Understanding teachers’ motivation for and commitment to teaching: profiles of Chinese early career,early childhood teachers

ABSTRACT

To better understand the reasons underlying attrition and the teacher shortage, and to develop ways to attract and retain high-quality teachers in early childhood education, it is necessary to explore teacher motivation and commitment to teaching. Although previous research has investigated various aspects of teacher motivation and commitment to teaching, little attention has been paid to this in the context of early childhood teachers, especially early career teachers. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with 12 early career, early childhood teachers in mainland China, this study aims to examine early career early childhood teachers’ motivation to teach and commitment to teaching in the Chinese context. Four distinct types of early career, early childhood educators were identified: committed passionate, committed compromiser, undecided, and uncommitted. Each of these had unique motives for teaching and different levels of commitment to kindergarten teaching in mainland China. The four types of early career early childhood teachers identified in this study demonstrate the diversity and complexity of teaching motivation and commitment to teaching in the field of early childhood education. The findings from this study can provide implications for policy-makers and teacher educators to enhance novice teachers’ motivation and commitment to teaching in the early childhood context.     

许慎生平事迹考辨(一)

东汉经学家、文字学家、训诂学家和词汇学家许慎 ,他的《说文解字》是我国历史上最早的一部汉字研究著作。其生平事迹等史书上记载不甚详明 ,后学者看法有异。     

Entering the occupational category of ‘Farmer’: new pathways through professional agricultural education in Ireland

Purpose: Understand the emergence of new potential career trajectories in the liberalised Irish dairy farming sector through analysis of the narratives of students of a Professional Diploma in Dairy Farm Management

Design/methodology/approach: A review of the literature highlights that entry to a working life in agriculture has been characterised by protracted farm succession processes; a strong association between being a farmer and owning land in the family name; lingering male identities esteeming manual labour; and a pragmatic need at farm level for manual work. The abolition of milk quota in 2015 was predicted to catalyse expansion of production on dairy farms with an increase in milk production; accompanied by a demand for qualified personnel. The BNIM method was employed.

Findings: Results confirm that agricultural education is perceived and experienced as offering new pathways for young farmers to enter the occupational category of ‘farmer’, helping to manoeuvre around the constraints of non-inheritance. The students’ narratives evidenced managerial identities, being strongly influenced by encountering management approaches through their agricultural education. All students desired to eventually own a farm someday and to be to employed as a professional dairy farm manager was a perceived as an intermediary goal.

Practical implication: Discontinuation of the traditional family farming model based on family farm/land ownership is not imminent even among a cohort qualified to become employed dairy farm managers.

Theoretical implication: This paper contributes to theoretical framework which highlights the shift in farmer masculine identity and the career trajectory of graduates of specialised agricultural education programmes.     

聋人大学生职业生涯辅导探析

职业生涯辅导在我国的高等特殊教育中具有独特的价值。本文从促进聋人大学生职业成长和终身发展的视角,分析了聋人大学生职业生涯辅导的缺失与问题,探讨了聋人大学生的心理特点及对其职业生涯发展的消极影响,提出了对聋人大学生进行科学职业生涯辅导的内容、方法和途径。     

旅游者人数变动的统计预测分析

旅游业是一个波动性较强的产业，由于受旅游市场多种因素的影响，往往导致旅游目的地和旅游景点旅游人数经常发生变动，因此对旅游人数进行统计、分析和预测有助于调节旅游市场的供求平衡，合理安排和开发旅游景点，做好旅游接待工作。本通过使用一些统计预测模型及相应的预测方法，对旅游的人数变动、流向变动和季节变动进行了一定的统计、分析和预测，对旅游业实践具有一定的指导意义。