The influence of race length on arterial compliance following an ultra-endurance marathon

There is inconclusive evidence concerning the effects of routine participation in ultra-endurance events on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Arterial compliance is a reliable, non-invasive, and effective tool for evaluating CVD risk. The purpose of this research was to examine if race length influences acute changes in arterial compliance following an ultra-marathon event. A total of 46 ultra-marathon runners were recruited including 21 participants (39.8?±?8.3?years, 6 females) in the 80-km event and 25 participants (43.7?±?9.8?years, 3 female) in the 195-km event. Arterial compliance was measured via radial applanation tonometry (CR-2000, HDI) for diastolic pulse contour analysis before and following the race. Significant between-group differences were found for changes in large arterial compliance with a decrease (increase in stiffness) following the 195-km event and an increase following the 80-kilometre event (p?<?.05). Longer race lengths are associated with greater reductions in large arterial compliance following recreational ultra-marathon running. Assessment of arterial compliance might be a useful prognostic tool to assess the long-term risk of CVD among ultra-marathon runners.     

Resting MAPK expression in chronically trained endurance runners

Purpose: There is a paucity of research investigating the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in chronically trained (CT) athletes. Thus, it is unclear how MAPK may contribute to performance and muscle adaptation in CT subjects. The purpose of this study was to determine MAPK total protein, and phosphorylated expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38-MAPK (p38) between untrained, and chronically trained runners. Methods: Tissue samples were analysed from sedentary (SED; n?=?5) controls and chronically trained runners (CT; n?=?5). Resting muscle biopsy samples were analysed for total-MAPK – and ratio of phosphorylated/total (p-MAPK) – ERK1/2, JNK, and p38-MAPK via western blotting. Mann–Whitney U tests and effect sizes were utilized to determine differences in total MAPK protein content and phosphorylation status between SED and CT subjects. Results: There was no difference in total-MAPK expression between SED and CT (p?>?.05). p-p38-MAPK tended to be greater for CT compared to SED (p?=?.07). There were moderate effect sizes of decreased pERK/total-ERK (d?=??0.69) and increased pJNK/total-JNK (d?=?0.54) in CT compared to SED. There was a positive correlation between p-p38-MAPK/total-MAPK and the percentage of type I fibres (r?=?0.73, p?=?.016). Conclusion: Contrary to previous studies, chronic endurance training does not greatly influence total MAPK protein expression in chronically trained runners. However, resting phosphorylation of p38-MAPK may contribute to enhanced oxidative metabolism at chronically trained levels. These alterations are likely involved in the different physiological adaptations that occur following long-term training or at highly competitive levels.     

针刺精灵威灵穴配合体针治疗腰部扭伤28例分析

腰部扭伤为体育运动及生活中的多发病。临床证明,针刺精灵威灵穴为主,配合体针,对多种急慢性腰部扭伤疗效显著。针刺28例,治愈23例,显效4例,好转1例,总有效率100％。     

治疗不同疾病的康复体操动作选编原则

采用问卷、跟踪调查与逻辑分析等方法,就治疗不同疾病的康复体操动作的选编原则进行研究。结果显示,康复体操动作选编的原则为:针对性、实效性、阶段性、渐进性、同一与多样性、适度性。     

冠心病人康复训练后有氧工作能力和心肌供氧的变化

目的：探讨康复训练后冠心病人进行定量负荷运动时有氧工作能力和心肌供氧的变化，以此为康复效果的评估提供依据。方法：25名男性冠心病人参加了12周有氧多样化运动康复训练，训练前、后对他们在递增负荷运动中的生理和临床指标进行了测定。结果：1）反映冠脉血流和心肌耗氧量的指标RPP，康复训练前在跑台的V级负荷时已超过200，康复训练后增加幅度则有显著下降（P〈0．01）；2）康复训练前受试者的血乳酸浓度（BL）在Ⅳ级运动负荷之后出现了突增（达到4．6mmol／L），而康复训练后他们运动中的BL增加平缓，始终保持较低水平；3）康复训练前在V级运动负荷时受试者的ST下降达到-0．9mm水平，这已接近心肌缺血的阈值，训练后心肌供血出现了明显的改善。结论：康复训练前冠心病人运动中反映运动系统缺氧的BL突增领先于心肌缺血阈值的到达；与康复训练前相比，康复训练后冠心病人在进行相同负荷运动时显示出有氧工作能力有所增强，心肌供氧状况有所改善。     

岩坑尖2#隧道病害调查及等级评价

岩坑尖2#隧道是甬金高速公路中最长的隧道,在运营期间出现不少裂缝、掉块等病害。为了保证隧道安全运营,对隧道进行了裂缝、掉块、错台、渗漏水等病害调查,通过素描和量测手段记录了隧道病害,结合地质条件、施工、施工监控量测、现场调查情况,系统的总结分析了病害产生的原因。发现地质因素、设计因素、偏压荷载以及施工因素是导致该隧道衬砌病害的主要原因;最后阐述了隧道病害等级的划分方法,并评价了隧道的病害等级,该隧道处于AA级,提出来进一步观察以确定是否影响衬砌结构的承载力和下一步的病害处治措施。     

小寒、大寒节气对肺心病失代偿期病人的影响

慢性肺源性心脏病是老年人的常见病、多发病,随着我国逐渐进入老龄化社会,肺心病失代偿期对老年人、对家庭、对社会的各方面影响将不断扩大。文章主要运用我国传统医学的理论阐述小寒、大寒季节对本病产生的影响,对疾病的发展及预后起着重要的临床指导作用。     

内质网应激介导细胞凋亡在运动预防非酒精性脂肪肝形成中的作用

摘要：目的：探讨运动对非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）的预防作用及作用机理。方法： SD雄性大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和运动组3 组。对照组给予普通饲料喂养,模型组予高脂饲料喂养,运动组在高脂饲料喂养的同时予运动干预,连续8周,直至实验结束。HE染色观察肝脏病理形态变化,TUNEL法测肝细胞凋亡,western blot检测CHOP、Caspase12和JNK蛋白表达,免疫组化检测CHOP、Caspase12和JNK蛋白阳性表达。结果：1）与对照组比较,模型组肝细胞脂肪性变明显,肝细胞凋亡指数升高,CHOP、Caspase12、JNK蛋白表达及阳性表达增加;2）与模型组比较,运动组肝细胞脂肪变性减轻,肝细胞凋亡指数减少,CHOP、Caspase12、JNK蛋白表达及阳性表达降低。结论：8周高脂饮食可成功复制NAFLD动物模型,内质网应激介导细胞凋亡参与NAFLD形成。运动对NAFLD形成具有较好的预防作用,其机制可能与运动可降低内质网应激介导细胞凋亡蛋白CHOP、JNK和Caspase12在肝细胞的表达,抑制肝细胞凋亡有关。     

《西游记》中的观音“疥癞”形象源流考

《西游记》第八回中观音为寻取经人,幻化模样后的人间形象是一个满身病疮的,衣衫褴褛的落魄和尚。在人们心目中法相庄严的观音怎么会幻化成这样一副模样？这绝不是信手拈来的自由发挥,而是有着文献依据的。通过一连串相互继连的记载可以考证出其源流。     

阿尔茨海默病发病机理的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)病因及发病机制尚未完全阐明,有关其发病机制有β-淀粉样蛋白假说、Tau 蛋白假说、炎症学说和氧化应激学说等多种.本文就现有较公认的发病机制研究进展作一综述.