一种基于混合模型的合成孔径雷达自聚焦算法

提出一种基于混合模型的合成孔径雷达自聚焦算法.本方法用有限阶泰勒多项式估计低频相位误差,用自适应正弦多项式估计高频相位误差,解决了单一模型自聚焦算法对高频相位误差估计精度低的问题,提高了图像锐度和峰值旁瓣比,减小了主瓣宽度.在研究利用相位误差参数模型进行聚焦处理的基础上,分析基于混合模型实现最优锐度自聚焦算法的可行性,并通过仿真和实测数据处理验证了本方法的有效性.     

网络舆论对伊朗突发新闻关注热点分析——以少将遇袭和导弹袭击事件中的微博为基础

本文探究网络舆论对伊朗突发新闻的关注热点,进而透过社交媒体分析网络舆论对国际热点事件的关注倾向.以含有关键词"伊朗少将遇袭"、"伊朗导弹袭击"和"伊朗"的所有微博作为研究数据,基于词频统计和LDA主题模型提取主题,从文本特征角度分析网络舆论对伊朗局势的关注热点.本研究对基于新浪微博数据检索到的文本内容进行分析发现,网络...     

Transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people

Little is known about the transmission of vibration to the head when using whole-body vibration (WBV) training machines. This paper investigates the effect of frequency and posture on the transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people. Nine male participants were exposed to vertical vibration at nine frequencies in the range of 17–46 Hz and vibration acceleration in the range of 7.85–18.64 m/s² (peak). The participants adopted four standing postures described as standing with locked knee (LK), bent knee (BK), one leg (OL), and one foot to the front and the other to the back (FB). The transmissibility to the head differed among postures (t-test, p < 0.05) and was greatest with the FB posture and smallest with the BK posture. The transmissibility to the head decreased with increasing the frequency (t-test, p < 0.05) but the extent of the decrease depended on the adopted posture. This frequency-posture interaction effect on the transmissibility should be considered when designing a training program. The data will be useful for developing standards/protocols that govern the use of WBV machines as well as for building human body models that can predict potential risks arising from using WBV machines.     

不凝结气体对蒸汽浸没射流压力振荡的影响

通过实验研究不凝结气体（空气）对蒸汽浸没射流压力振荡特性的影响。结果表明：不凝结气体存在时压力振荡强度比纯蒸汽浸没射流时明显减小。随空气质量分数的增加,压力振荡峰值的位置沿轴向后移。过冷水温低于45℃时,峰值随空气质量分数的增加而增大;高于50℃时,随空气质量分数的增加而减小;水温在45~50℃之间时,峰值大致相同。压力振荡主频随空气质量分数、蒸汽质量流率和过冷水温度的增加而减小。     

Optimal sampling frequency in recording of resistance training exercises

The purpose of this study was to analyse the raw lifting speed collected during four different resistance training exercises to assess the optimal sampling frequency. Eight physically active participants performed sets of Squat Jumps, Countermovement Jumps, Squats and Bench Presses at a maximal lifting speed. A linear encoder was used to measure the instantaneous speed at a 200 Hz sampling rate. Subsequently, the power spectrum of the signal was computed by evaluating its Discrete Fourier Transform. The sampling frequency needed to reconstruct the signals with an error of less than 0.1% was f_99.9 = 11.615 ± 2.680 Hz for the exercise exhibiting the largest bandwidth, with the absolute highest individual value being 17.467 Hz. There was no difference between sets in any of the exercises. Using the closest integer sampling frequency value (25 Hz) yielded a reconstruction of the signal up to 99.975 ± 0.025% of its total in the worst case. In conclusion, a sampling rate of 25 Hz or above is more than adequate to record raw speed data and compute power during resistance training exercises, even under the most extreme circumstances during explosive exercises. Higher sampling frequencies provide no increase in the recording precision and may instead have adverse effects on the overall data quality.     

Are gait characteristics and ground reaction forces related to energy cost of running in elite Kenyan runners?

The aim of this study was to determine whether gait cycle characteristics are associated with running economy in elite Kenyan runners. Fifteen elite Kenyan male runners completed two constant-speed running sets on a treadmill (12 km ·h^?1 and 20 km ·h^?1). VO₂ and respiratory exchange ratio values were measured to calculate steady-state oxygen and energy cost of running. Gait cycle characteristics and ground contact forces were measured at each speed. Oxygen cost of running at different velocities was 192.2 ± 14.7 ml· kg^?1· km^?1 at 12 km· h^?1 and 184.8 ± 9.9 ml· kg^?1· km^?1 at 20 km· h^?1, which corresponded to a caloric cost of running of 0.94 ± 0.07 kcal ·kg^?1·km^?1 and 0.93 ± 0.07 kcal· kg^?1· km^?1. We found no significant correlations between oxygen and energy cost of running and biomechanical variables and ground reaction forces at either 12 or 20 km· h^?1. However, ground contact times were ~10.0% shorter (very large effect) than in previously published literature in elite runners at similar speeds, alongside an 8.9% lower oxygen cost (very large effect). These results provide evidence to hypothesise that the short ground contact times may contribute to the exceptional running economy of Kenyan runners.     

射频识别技术RFID在体育中的运用

RFID技术全称为射频识别技术,英文为Radio Frequency Identification。其在体育领域的应用早有先例,2006年的足球世界杯赛就使用了这种RFID门票,在高尔夫、田径等体育运动中的运用也取得了良好的效果。本文旨在通过对RFID技术原理的介绍,分析其在体育领域的运用现状和开发前景,引起国内体育学界对这项技术的认识和进一步研究运用的开展。     

条带模式、聚束模式和滑动聚束模式的比较

条带模式、聚束模式和滑动聚束模式是SAR的3种工作模式.系统地论证了3种成像模式的区别,包括在成像几何模型、方位向频率历程、距离徙动、天线扫描速度及方位向测绘带宽度、方位分辨率和回波方程等方面的区别,并通过对3种模式回波的模拟,进一步阐述了三者之间的区别.通过对条带SAR、聚束SAR和滑动聚束SAR的比较,可以看出条带SAR和聚束SAR都是滑动聚束SAR的特例.     

试论体育赛事背景广告的电视直播效果研究

通过对体育赛事背景广告与体育主题广告的区别、评价体育赛事背景广告电视直播效果的意义、作用等方面进行理论分析,并针对评价中的关键问题设计了相应的测定方法,从而得出体育赛事背景广告的电视直播效果的研究是可行的结论,以期为体育赛事背景广告方面的进一步研究提供参考。     

影响我国男子短跑成绩的主要因素分析

通过对中外百米短跑优秀运动员的运动指标进行相关性数理分析后发现:在影响运动成绩的主要因素中,依次是步幅、相对步幅、步频。而步频对成绩的影响,中外选手没有显著性差异。通过剔除法筛选,最终选择步幅、步频作为自变量建立最优回归方程进行分析。分析我国短跑运动员存在的不足,提出从整体性角度提高步幅的建议,为教练员科学训练提供参考。