二语语法显性与隐性学习的认知研究

二语习得研究中对显性与隐性学习的关系存在着不同的认识,但从基于认知心理学对二语语法学习所作的研究来看,显性和隐性学习是两个相互独立又相互依存的学习机制。因此,在二语语法教学中,应把显性和隐性学习有机结合起来,采用动态平衡的语法教学模式,使两种学习机制的效用相互转化,相互作用,共同提高语法教学的效率。     

大规模定制：旅游业服务运作新模式

旅游大规模定制化服务方式的出现、发展和逐步普及主要受到旅游需求的变化以及科学技术的发展等因素的影响。旅游大规模定制服务区别于传统的标准化服务,具有鲜明的特征与明显的竞争优势。实施客户关系管理、提升供应链管理水平、采取＂延迟策略＋模块化技术＂的运作方式,是实现旅游业大规模定制化服务的有效途径。     

亲师互动现状调查分析

通过对家长和教师亲师互动的现状进行调查,结果表明:(1)家长亲师互动整体水平最好的是策略互动,其次为认知互动,最后为情感互动。而教师亲师互动中最好的是情感互动,其次为认知互动,最后为策略互动。(2)家长亲师互动在性别上只有认知维度存在显著差异,女性更好;在文化程度上除策略维度没有差异外,认知维度和情感维度均存在显著差异。     

以色列的中介学习经验理论及其应用

二战后,为满足以色列儿童心理成长和能力促进的实际需要,以弗厄斯坦为代表的以色列教育学家和认知心理学家提出了中介学习经验理论并将之应用于教育实践。该理论从教授者与学习者间交互作用的视角看待学习者的认知发展与学习,主张个体的认知结构是一个开放的系统,教授者在中介学习过程中可采用多种有益的中介策略指导和训练儿童,以促进他们认知能力的提高和认知结构的改善,并推动其学习潜能的实现。该理论的实践应用包括:1)构建学习潜能评估工具,用它评价个体认知能力的改变,诊断个体的认知缺陷;2)设立工具强化程序并施之于教学中以巩固儿童已改变的认知结构。中介学习经验理论对于在测评和教学中动态把握和促进巩固儿童的潜能发展具有重要意义。     

大学生认知水平对插图效应的影响

本研究使用瑞文标准推理测验区分被试认知水平,采用认知水平和有无配图文章3×2因素实验设计,方差分析结果表明：插图组阅读成绩显著高于无插图组;认知水平主效应显著;阅读总成绩显示出认知方式和呈现方式的显著交互作用。     

单音节持具类手部动词初步研究

单音节手部动词指需要用手参与才能完成的具体动作的动词。持具类手部动词是手部动词的一个小类,其特点是在完成动作时必须使用身体器官以外的工具。持具类手部动词的两个典型句式:含使用工具的句式为"NP1+用+GN+V+C+NP2",不含使用工具的句式为"NP1+V+C+NP2"。     

论需求分析理论框架与交际测试法真实性的关系

需求分析是开展语言教学的首要阶段,其相关理论常用于外语课程改革和教学大纲设计的研究。语言测试作为对教学内容的检核和评估的手段,其测试内容的设计与需求分析也有明显的关联,但从需求分析的角度来探讨语言测试的相关性研究论述较少。文章对需求分析模型和语言测试真实性原则进行论述,并以IELTS听力试题为例阐述需求分析与交际语言测试真实性的相关性,探讨语言交际测试原则中真实性的实现途径,发现语言测试只有始终与持续性的语言需求分析相结合,客观反映受试者的语言水平,才能保障测试的真实性。     

Test-Based Learning: Inconsistent Effects Between Higher- and Lower-Level Test Questions

Providing test questions after an initial study phase is a common instructional technique. In theory, questions that require higher-level (deep) processing should be more beneficial than those that require lower-level (shallow) processing. However, empirical evidence on the matter is inconsistent. To shed light on two potential reasons for these inconsistencies, we conducted an experiment (N = 81) to analyze the role of (a) the share of information to which test questions direct learners and (b) the learning activities performed in the initial study phase with respect to the effects between higher- and lower-level test questions. We found that both the share of focused information and the initial learning activities moderated the effects between higher- and lower-level test questions.     

The interplay between self-determined motivation,self-regulated cognitive strategies,and prior achievement in predicting academic performance

The present study examined the interplay between self-determined motivation and the use of cognitive strategies in predicting university students’ academic performance while taking into account the effect of prior achievement. A theory based model was tested using structural equation modeling on a sample of 764 Italian university students. Results showed that prior achievement influenced students’ academic performance and their motivation and use of cognitive strategies. Critical thinking was the only cognitive strategy which proved to have a significant impact on students’ academic performance. Autonomous motivation had an indirect positive impact on academic performance through its influence on the critical thinking strategy. Controlled motivation had a direct negative impact on academic performance. On the whole, our findings suggest that autonomously motivated students tend to achieve better academic performance by using critical thinking, while students who are driven by controlled motivation have lower academic performance.     

高职毕业生就业问题及对策研究

该文综述了高职毕业生就业问题研究现状,分析了高职毕业生就业存在的问题及原因,提出了解决高职毕业生就业问题的对策。