异质型责任主体的环境协同治理效果

政府主导、企业主体、公众参与的“多方联动”中国特色环境治理体系是增强环境主体履行责任、提升生态环境质量、助推经济高质量发展的重要途径。从异质型环境责任主体的内外部协同视角出发,基于2011—2017年中国31个省（区、市）宏观数据及A股1423家工业上市公司相关数据,采用高维固定效应模型探析“多方联动”的环境责任主体“提质”“减排”“增效”的协同治理效果;在环保督查力度持续攀升、环境污染治理行政规制适时调整的背景下,考察环境政策不确定性对于环境责任主体协同治理效果的调节效应。结果表明：①政府规制责任与公众监督责任的内部协同治理发挥显著“提质”效果,倒逼企业积极履行环境治理责任,提升环境责任意识,提高发展质量。②政府规制责任、企业环境责任、公众监督责任“多方联动”的外部协同治理发挥显著“减排”与“增效”作用,不仅降低地区污染排放水平,提高环境治理效率,而且显著提升地区绿色贡献水平,有效促进绿色高质量发展。③环境政策不确定性释放了因时、因地、因事精准施策、适时调整、高效匹配的信号,有效提升了“多方联动”的外部协同治理效果。本文对于加快完善多方协同共治的环境治理机制、推动经济与环境激励相容发展具有重要的现实意义。     

天空地一体化自然资源要素监测体系及其应用

遵循山水林田湖草是生命共同体的发展理念,建设自然资源要素综合观测体系,系统获取长期、连续、多尺度、多要素的自然资源观测数据,为自然资源“两统一”管理和生态保护修复提供科学支撑,是新时代生态文明建设的重要举措。本文在阐明自然资源监测体系现状及存在问题的基础上,依据地球系统科学的理论基础,针对调查、监测、观测等不同探测方法的功能和技术路径,以系统化的视角论述了现代自然资源监测特点,对天空地一体化监测体系技术路径进行说明,并从宏观管理层面分析天空地一体化监测体系在自然资源统一管理中的具体应用,以期为自然资源统一管理工作提供必要支撑。     

The BCF-BERA Routledge Prize for joint development work between schools and universities

The Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) curriculum requires continuous renewal and constant involvement of stakeholders in the redesign process. Due to a lack of curriculum design expertise, TVET institutions in developing contexts encounter challenges maintaining and advancing the quality and relevance of their programmes to the needs of the labour market. The purpose of this multiple-case study is to describe the potential of teacher collaborative curriculum design (TCCD) in TVET colleges for improving the internal and external consistency of curricula. The study describes how four teams from different TVET college departments redesigned their programmes systematically and relationally to improve their internal and external consistency. The findings indicated that although the teams found the re-design task a challenge, they felt positive about the TCCD experience and its outcomes. The design teams also perceived the consistency of their programmes to have improved. The criticality of the support offered to the teams and the variety of the teams' design work were salient themes captured during the design process. It is concluded that supported TCCD teams, applying a systematic and relational approach, can be an efficient strategy for maintaining the consistency of the TVET curriculum.     

A collaborative assessment of students’ placement learning

The research informing this paper set out to investigate the qualitative experiences of students, supervisors and tutors involved in a summative collaborative assessment of placement learning on an undergraduate professional qualifying programme in the UK. Analysis of data gathered through semi-structured interviews provides valuable insights into its use. In particular, engagement in a collaborative assessment brings a degree of exposure for all concerned. Participants need to feel ‘able’ to participate, and ability to participate is linked to notions of agency and autonomy. Collaborative assessment design needs to acknowledge power relations and include strategies to reduce imbalances. The importance of recognising and working with the complexities of assessment should not be underestimated. Criterion referencing offers a guide to support consistency but can also falsely present assessment as mechanistic and instrumental. The research shows that it is in the ‘doing’ of assessment that a ‘shared language’ is developed. It demonstrates the value of active student engagement in assessment in relation to the construction and use of theory, developing reflective practice and assessment literacy. The collaborative assessment provides students with the opportunity to experience a ‘performance of understanding’ in a community of practice that, whilst pressured, reflects ‘real’ professional life.     

协同创新能力评价指标体系构建——基于国家重点实验室的实证研究

解析了国家重点实验室协同创新能力的内涵与要素,梳理出协同创新能力的测量指标。通过德尔菲法、隶属度分析、相关分析和信度效度检验对指标进行甄别筛选,构建了国家重点实验室协同创新能力评价指标体系,采用模糊层次分析法确定了各级指标权重。选取化学领域的26个国家重点实验室作为协同创新能力评价的实证对象,对其协同创新能力进行模糊综合评价,对评价指标体系进行了验证。     

"211工程"高校图书馆虚拟参考咨询发展现状研究

本文在对“211工程”高校图书馆开展虚拟咨询服务的情况进行调查分析的基础上，指出目前我国开展此服务的具体模式以及存在的问题，并提出了几点建议。     

基于协同学理论VRD协同应用模型探究

从协同学理论角度,分析了虚拟参考咨询台（VRD）工作流程各个工作环节的协同关系.以此,探讨性地构建了虚拟参考咨询台协同应用模型,并指出该模型运行过程中需要注意的问题.     

教育部直属高校产学研协同创新全要素生产率研究

基于DEA-Malmquist指数分析方法,对我国62所教育部直属高校2005—2013年产学研协同创新全要素生产率进行测算、分解和对比分析,结论如下:教育部直属高校产学研协同创新全要素生产率年均下降2.8%,主要原因是技术进步率年均下降9%,而技术效率年均上涨6.8%,追赶效应存在但增长效应不存在;随着时间的推移,教育部直属高校产学研协同创新全要素生产率年度趋势是波动式上升的,综合类、理工类直属高校产学研协同创新全要素生产率最高,东部地区直属高校产学研协同创新全要素生产率高于中西部地区。     

专利权转移、空间网络与京津冀协同创新研究

本文以专利权转移为视角,运用2002-2014年京津冀13城市之间的专利权双向转移数据,论证了微观主体的专利权转移行为不仅是个体行为,还事实上通过专利转移网络的空间结构和协同关系推动了中观区域层面的协同创新网络形成,并固化了不同城市在网络中的协同角色与创新位置。主要发现有:(1)13个城市间组成的协同创新网络密度疏松且可达性高,但等级森严。(2)从网络空间结构来看,京津冀协同创新网络呈现中心型-半中心型-包容型-脆弱型的复合结构。(3)从网络协同关系来看,专利转移关联关系呈现净流出、净流入、经纪人、主受益四大板块关系特征。第一板块的关系协同机制以输出-互动-吸收为主;第二板块的关系协同机制以接收为主;第三板块的关系协同机制以接收与回流-互动-传递为主;第四板块的关系协同机制以接收和回流为主。(4)地理邻近、经济差异和行政等级差异是京津冀城市间专利转移关系网络内在结构特征和关联关系差异的重要解释因素。