日本侵略者在中国沦陷区的殖民教育

抗日战争全面爆发后，在沦陷区，日本侵略对中国原有的民族化教育事业进行了全方位摧残，打乱了中国原有的教育布局，使中国教育遭到了史无前例的重创。为了使中国沦陷区彻底殖民地化，日本侵略制定了奴化教育方针政策，建立了相应的伪教育行政体制，用以统辖沦陷区的教育系统。其中，十分强调“宣传教育”、“以华治华”的殖民主义化统治，在“恢复”和“调整”原有学校教育的基础上，扶植伪政权建立了伪学校教育体系。同时，还建构了系统的、殖民化的社会教育和校外教育，以奴化沦陷区人民的思想。日伪在中国沦陷区实施的是赤裸裸的殖民奴化教育。     

Generic gold standard or contextualised public good? Teaching excellence awards in post-colonial South Africa

ABSTRACT

Teaching Excellence Awards have raised the profile of teaching as a scholarly project. There are however a number of questions about what constitutes teaching excellence and how ‘excellence’ is understood in current higher education. In a post-colonial South Africa, where significant injustices permeate our society, we question whether excellence can be understood in a generic manner. Furthermore, we argue that as universities are a public good, teaching excellence needs to explicitly attend to the ways in which universities contribute to broad goals of transformation and inclusivity. We analysed data from the national Teaching Excellence Awards and 13 South African universities’ awards to interrogate the discourses that underpin ‘excellence’ in this context of social inequality. We found that while the awards have gone some way to enhancing the position of teaching in institutions, ‘excellence’ was largely articulated in fairly generic ways which failed to take into account the enablements and constraints of the discipline and the institution. Furthermore, the guidelines and criteria privilege a decontextualised notion of excellence that seeks a ‘gold standard’ and validates performativity, rather than a contextualised response to the needs of the students.     

三线企业社会特征探微

作为中国政治、经济和军事在特定时期的特定产物,三线企业曾为国家发展起到巨大作用,在新时期又不可避免地受到种种冲击,产生巨大裂变。本文就三线企业社会的群体特征、社会行为方式、社会心理等进行分析,对其发展趋势作出预测,以期通过改善三线企业社会群体关系对三线企业改革发展起到积极作用。     

Carpe Diem: Bandung,historical inequalities and development goals

The 1955 Bandung Afro-Asian solidarity conference symbolized the end of the colonial era and the beginning of new relations between the former colonial powers that had industrialized and the former colonies subsequently variously referred to as the developing countries, Third World or South. These changing relations also involved new discourses and modes of analysis. The nature and pattern of inequalities have also changed significantly over time, including during the recent period. Despite high levels of national level inequalities, about two thirds of overall economic inequality are due to disparities among countries. But the determinants of changing inequalities have also changed significantly as economic relations at both national and international levels have changed with economic, social and political transformations. In recent years, the ascendant developmentalist discourse of the 1960s and 1970s was undermined by the rise of conservative market fundamentalism. The discourse of development has continued to change as reflected by the lines and terms of conflict and contention. The four Development Decades of the late 20th century gave way to the Millennium Development Goals of the last decade and a half. The struggle to elaborate the Sustainable Development Goals for the next period is the most recent manifestation of this ongoing struggle.     

论《印度之行》的殖民倾向

英国著名小说家爱·摩·福斯特的代表作《印度之行》常被看成是一部反殖民主义的力作。然而在对其反殖意义的普遍认同下,小说中的殖民话语和意识却不容忽视。通过讨论福斯特在“欧洲中心论”盛行下他所持的立场,以及解读小说中对景物的描写、人物的刻画和对故事情节的安排,揭示该小说的殖民倾向。     

美国史学起源新论

殖民地史学尽管与美国史学有着地域和时间上的延续性,但是它却与欧洲史学是个自然的同一体,这是因为无论从殖民地的社会环境、历史写作者本身还是写作目的来看,都与英国有着密不可分的联系。二者之间区别甚于联系,如果说二者之间有何联系的话,确切地说,应该是前世与今生的关系。美国独特的国家主义不仅是美国史学得以产生的催化剂,而且还成为美国史学传统发展的基础和原动力。美国史学与共和国同生共长,从而打上了深深的美国烙印。     

底层女性的悲剧及其探讨——《呼唤》中文玉的命运分析

文玉是澳大刺亚当代女作家考琳．麦卡洛小说《呼唤》中的一个小人物。文玉经历家庭悲剧、生存悲剧,最终走向了生命悲剧。对于像文玉这类处于异域底层的女性来说,悲剧缘由既有大环境的殖民压制,又有具体的个体压迫,诸如男性占有、同类女性歧视,加上文玉自身被内化,这些因素铸就了她的悲剧。     

从20世纪三四十年代满洲炭矿株式会社看殖民经济掠夺性——以东北锦州地区为例

以日本特殊会社在东北地区的经营为例,探索＂伪满洲国＂时期大量日本特殊会社在工厂数量众多、技术先进等历史数据的背后,其殖民经济掠夺性的本质。指出,殖民经济光鲜的现代化外衣并非为中国而穿,客观上也未必为中国带来多少机遇,不应把对中国资本与劳力的极力掠夺冠以＂开发＂的名义;面对日本的侵略事实,历史调和论及＂开发有功＂论都是不符合历史事实的。     

后莫言时代对诺贝尔奖与中国议题的再审视

20世纪90年代以来,随着中国的崛起,对于诺贝尔文学奖以及诺贝尔奖与中国等问题,学界表现出前所未有的关注,构成了新时期文艺思潮的内容之一。2012年,中国作家莫言成为第一位得到文学界以及国家体制认可的中国在地诺贝尔奖得主。莫言获奖后,有关莫言获奖本身以及中国语境中的诺奖等问题的评价,褒贬不一,形成了后莫言时代的新的诺贝尔奖焦虑。文章引入近代世界史上与殖民相关的制度殖民、新殖民和后殖民三个阶段的方法或背景,来阐释这一文化现象。     

试述“满铁”与图书馆之经营

本文通过大量的历史史料,详细地揭露了在日俄战争后,日本利用"满铁"在东北建立图书馆,借以利用图书馆的各种服务活动,达到日本殖民文化的侵略。