基于结构方程模型的中、韩短道速滑教练员领导行为对运动员意志品质影响的实证研究

为了探讨和比较中、韩短道速滑教练员领导行为与运动员意志品质间的关系,采用AMOS结构方程模型并利用《运动领导行为量表》（Chelladurai）和《BTL-L-YZ2.0运动员意志品质量表》（李佑发）分别对中国88名、韩国81名短道速滑运动员进行了心理测量。结果表明,中国方面,教练员的训练指导行为和奖励行为对运动员的自觉性具有显著正向影响;民主行为对运动员独立性具有显著正向影响;训练指导行为对运动员坚韧性具有显著正向影响。而韩国方面,教练员唯独专制行为对运动员的自觉性、果断性及坚韧性具有显著负向影响。通过比较提示我们,教练员领导行为对运动员意志品质形成具有影响作用,而且不同文化背景下,针对提高运动员的意志品质,教练员应该采取与该文化背景相适宜的领导行为,对提升我国短道速滑运动员意志品质具有理论意义和实践意义。     

Trajectories of psychological dating violence perpetration in adolescence

BackgroundMore than one adolescent out of three will use psychological dating violence (DV) as a strategy to resolve conflict in romantic relationships, which will have major consequences on their partner’s well-being. However, over time, most adolescents will learn skills to better interact and face conflicts, suggesting that psychological DV rates should decrease over time. Yet, because of individual characteristics and experiences, evolution over time may differ across adolescents. Risk factors for psychological DV have not been examined specifically, even though it is the most common form of dating violence.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore latent trajectories of psychological DV perpetration and examine risk factors predicting trajectory group membership.Participants and methodsA sub-sample of 449 adolescents who reported being in a dating relationship for the three waves of the Youths’ Romantic Relationships (YRR) Survey completed printed and online self-report questionnaires.ResultsResults from the group-based modeling identified 4 trajectories of psychological DV perpetration: absence of violence (30.7%), low violence (61.3%), high descending (4.2%), and moderate elevating (3.8%). Age, DV victimization, exposure to father toward mother violence, low self-esteem, marijuana use, DV victimization of peers, and antisocial behaviors of peers predicted trajectory membership. The model explained 36.7% of the variance.ConclusionsThese results support the need for a person-oriented approach to study psychological DV and for developing prevention programs adapted to the specific characteristics of vulnerable youth.     

老子领导思想初探

《道德经》不仅是一部伟大的哲学著作,也是一部重要的领导学著作。书中蕴涵的关于领导素质、领导行为及领导权变等方面的丰富思想,是现代领导学所倡导的领导方法和领导艺术,为当代领导者的领导实践提供了积极的借鉴和参考。     

“高校德育模式创新研究”专题——多元文化情景下高校德育模式建构的哲学之思——交往行为理论的德育价值和困境的启示

不能过高估计哈贝马斯交往行为理论在多元文化背景下对高校德育理论发展的哲学意义,因为哈贝马斯的哲学理论同样面临难以克服的困境。要创新马克思主义教育哲学,把交往行为理论中的有益观点重置于马克思主义实践哲学基础之上,建构多元文化情景下的高校德育模式。     

观众攻击性行为产生原因及防范

利用文献法、逻辑法分析了赛场上观众攻击性行为产生的原因，并用社会学理论对观众攻击性行为产生的机制进行了分析，提出了防范措施。     

试论社会转型对高校毕业生择业观念与行为的影响

分析了大学生择业观念与行为和社会历史环境的关系,并从主、客观两方面探讨了社会转型对高校毕业生择业观念与行为的影响.     

试论人格与政治行为之关系——基于政治心理学视角下的一种考察

人格与政治行为是政治心理学领域中的关键词,然而政治学的一般研究往往忽视人的因素对政治过程的影响,因此,厘清人格与政治行为的关系将有利于进一步深化政治学的研究。本文试图从政治心理学的视角对这一关系进行尝试性分析。     

某高校医学生营养知识、态度及饮食行为的调查与分析

目的:了解某高校医学生营养知识、态度及饮食行为,为开展营养健康教育及干预提供依据.方法:采用自行设计的营养知识、态度及饮食行为问卷,对某高校医学院386名一～三年级的大学生进行调查.结果:医学生的营养知识缺乏,回答正确率总体上在50%左右,并存在一些不合理的饮食行为,有27.2%的学生不能坚持每天吃早餐,而且早餐质量较差,早餐品种较单调.另外,每天喝牛奶的学生仅有9.8%,但他们具有良好的接受营养教育的态度,有89.6%学生愿意为了健康改变不良饮食习惯,92.5%的学生愿意以后更多地关注营养知识.结论:多数学生缺乏必要的营养知识,饮食行为不合理,但接受营养知识的态度较好,应加强医学生营养知识教育,纠正不良的饮食行为,促进身体健康.     

Gender Differences in Attachment Styles Regarding Conflict Handling Behaviors Among Turkish Late Adolescents

This study was designed to examine gender differences in attachment styles and explore the relationship between attachment styles and preference for conflict handling behavior in close relationships among Turkish adolescents. The participants comprised 371 Turkish undergraduate students (252 females and 119 males; with a mean age of 21.98 years; standard deviation 1.18) enrolled in different departments of the Faculty of Education at Middle East Technical University in Ankara. A Turkish version of Bartholomew and Horowitz’s (J Pers Soc Psychol, 61:226–244, 1991) Relationship Questionnaire (RQ) and the Conflict Questionnaire (CQ) developed by Tezer (J Psychol, 130:281–292, 1996) were used to obtain data. Intercorrelations among four attachment style subscales, and correlation coefficients among four attachment styles and five conflict handling behaviors were computed in addition to a series of ANOVAs and ANCOVAs. Results revealed an association between attachment styles and conflict handling, as well as gender differences in attachment styles.     

Physical health of today's school children

The health habits of today's children will largely determine their subsequent health as adults of the twenty-first century. Smoking, inactivity, poor dietary practices, drug and alcohol abuse, and other deleterious habits may develop early, yet exert lifelong influences. This paper contains a review of (a) statistics and research on major health status indicators in school-aged children, (b) behaviors that contribute to disease risk, and (c) school-based interventions designed to change risk behaviors and enhance wellness. Activities that can be initiated by classroom teachers are emphasized in the concluding section of the paper. Through early intervention, enhanced longevity and quality of life may be accomplished.