信息技术课堂问题行为的原因分析及干预策略

总结了信息技术课堂问题行为的主要表现,分析了信息技术课堂问题行为的诱因,并在此基础上提出若干干预策略。     

图书馆服务质量与读者行为意愿研究

服务质量作为衡量图书馆作用效能与管理水平的重要标准,越来越得到图书馆界的重视。本文以服务质量理论、满意度理论、行为意愿理论等相关理论为基础,系统阐述图书馆服务质量的内涵、特性,以及读者行为意愿的特点和影响因素,深入分析了图书馆服务质量——读者满意度——行为意愿之间的关系,并就提高图书馆服务质量,提升读者行为意愿提出若干建议。     

员工道德推脱与不道德行为的关系研究

随着社会各领域不断有不道德新闻传出,道德问题日益受到人们的关注.以销售人员为研究被试,选取员工道德推脱为主要研究变量,从组织管理的层面出发,探讨道德推脱对不道德行为的影响.发现：性别、工作年限对道德推脱有显著影响;员工道德推脱水平与不道德行为具有显著正相关关系.     

从文化差异角度看出境旅游中的不文明行为

我国传统文化中“公共空间基本礼貌”的缺失、“争抢意识”、“主奴意识”、“小农意识”以及文化交流中的误会等是造成出境旅游中不文明行为的真正根源。预防出境旅游中不文明行为应加强教育和宣传、充分发挥出境领队的作用以及完善法律制度,加强行政监管力度。     

初中数学教师教学观念与教学行为的落差分析--基于十五节初中数学课堂教学录像的分析

教学观念是关于教学的看法和思想,是人们思考教学问题获得的结果。课程改革以来,广大初中数学教师积极学习课程标准所倡导的教学理念,并逐步内化为自己的教学观念,指导自己的课堂教学行为。但鉴于教学观念与教学行为之间的落差,导致课堂教学产生不少问题。调查初中数学教师对教学理念的认可程度以及对教学行为的自我评价,找出教学观念与教学行为之间的差距,以及这种差距在课堂教学中的具体体现。为此,在教学中教师应注意：（1）设计教学目标的同时,要设计与其相适应的教学内容、教学过程和教学策略;（2）自主探究教学要保证学生有充分的探究时间;（3）尝试多给学生自主学习的机会,多进行个别指导,真正实现以学生为主体;（4）以学生的认知特点和认知水平为基准,精选教学内容。     

Relational maintenance and caregiving in the grandparent-grandchild relationship

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between grandparents’ use of relational maintenance behaviors (RMB) and their young adult grandchildren’s willingness to serve as future caregivers for their grandparents. Undergraduate students (N = 209) completed a questionnaire in which they reported on a specific grandparent’s use of RMB and how willing they were to serve as future caregivers for that specific grandparent. Results of a multiple regression analysis provided partial support for the hypothesized positive relationships between grandparents’ use of RMB and grandchildren’s willingness to serve as future caregivers for their grandparents.     

Application of online booking data to hotel revenue management

This paper presents an application of online booking data, comprised of big data crawled from a hotel booking website to hotel revenue management. It is important to build a quantitative revenue management method for online hotel booking systems incorporating overbooking strategies, because of increasing numbers of bookings through online booking websites and last-minute cancellations, which cause serious damage to hotel management. We construct a quantitative overbooking model for online booking systems combined with customers’ choice behaviors estimated from the data. Firstly, we present the overbooking model for online booking systems. Secondly, we estimate the choice behaviors of the customers from the online booking data by a discrete choice model. Thirdly, combining the estimated discrete choice model with the theoretical overbooking model, we investigate the expected sales maximization problem where we numerically solve the optimal overbooking level and room charge. Finally, we provide numerical examples of the optimal overbooking strategies and room charges using online booking data of two major luxury hotels in Shinjuku ward, Tokyo. This method, which utilizes online booking data available by crawling from booking websites, helps hotels obtain an optimal room charge and overbooking level maximizing the expected sales.     

Associations between individual and collective efficacy beliefs and students' bystander behavior

This study examined whether defending and passive bystanding during peer victimization episodes were associated with individual- and classroom-level efficacy to stop peer victimization. Self-report survey data were analyzed from 1,467 Swedish fourth-grade students (mean age = 10.55) from 100 classrooms in 63 schools. Multilevel analyses revealed that, when witnessing peer victimization, students more often defended victims if they were high in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms high in collective efficacy. In contrast, students were more likely to remain passive if they were low in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms low in collective efficacy. Taken together, our findings suggest that efficacy beliefs both at the individual and at the classroom level contribute to explaining variability in students' bystander behaviors, which has potential implications for prevention and intervention work.     

成就情境中回避失败行为及教育实践对策

回避失败行为是指在成就情境中为了减少和避免失败对自我价值的威胁而采取的策略与行为,包括自我价值保护行为、自我妨碍、冒充者忧虑、拖延行为、防御性悲观等。回避失败策略的运用与行为为成就设置了障碍,并会导致非成就性人格的形成。情境因素是影响回避失败行为养成的主要因素,对回避失败个体应采取有效的预防和干预措施。     

国外有关青少年问题行为成因的研究概述

国外就青少年问题行为成因的相关理论假设有:青少年危险行为模型,组合模型,生物心理社会模型,生态理论等。其青少年问题行为影响因素现状包括多因素影响研究和单因素影响研究。对此,我们应在国外研究设计的基础上,结合国内青少年问题行为影响因素的实际,作出应有的研究展望。