Development pathways from abusive parenting to delinquency: The mediating role of depression and aggression

This study investigated the long-term relationship between abusive parenting and adolescent mental health, and the path to delinquent behavior. Longitudinal data from 5th through 7th graders from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) were analyzed to examine if abusive parenting was a predictor of early adolescent delinquency behavior, via aggression and depression as mediating factors. The results were as follows. First, parental abuse (both emotional and physical) was found to have significant effects on children's psychosocial factors (aggression and depression), while parental neglect (both emotional and physical) had significant effects on depression alone and not on aggression. Second, aggression exerted significant effects on both violent and non-violent delinquent behaviors, while depression had a significant effect on only non-violent delinquent behaviors. Third, children's psychosocial factors (aggression and depression) played significant mediating roles between earlier abusive parenting and delinquent behaviors. Fourth, for children living in a family with their grandparents, paths from abusive parenting, psychosocial adaptation, and later delinquent behaviors were not significant, implying that living with grandparents played a protective factor in these relationships.     

河南省城市女性健身意识与健身行为习惯的调查

通过文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计、访谈等方法,深入研究了河南省城市女性对体育健身重要性的认识、对体育健身的态度、健身活动开展的现状及存在的健身行为习惯。结果表明：河南省城市女性的体育健身意识较强,对体育健身的态度也较积极,只是在多种制约因素的消极影响下,许多女性积极的健身意识不能够转化为体育健身行为,直接影响了健身行为习惯的形成。     

图书馆焦虑的测量、前因和后果——基于高校图书馆用户的实证研究

[目的/意义]从高校图书馆用户出发,引入图书馆焦虑的前因变量学业压力和后果变量到馆行为,构建理论模型并进行检验。[方法/过程]通过问卷调研获得226位高校图书馆用户数据,并采用标记变量法控制潜在的共同方法偏差,利用偏最小二乘结构方程(PLS-SEM)验证新的图书馆焦虑量表的结构,并检验图书馆焦虑与其前因变量和后果变量的关系。[结果/结论]验证5个维度18项的图书馆焦虑量表并发现共同方法偏差对图书馆焦虑测量的影响,说明利用标记变量法控制共同方法偏差适用于图情领域的实证研究。在控制共同方法偏差的影响后,发现学业压力对高校图书馆用户的图书馆焦虑产生显著负向影响,并间接影响用户到馆频次。同时,图书馆焦虑直接影响高校图书馆用户到馆频次并间接影响其到馆停留时间。这说明了高校图书馆用户图书馆焦虑的前因变量和后果变量,揭示了图书馆焦虑产生的内在机制,为理解我国图书馆用户的图书馆焦虑提供新的实证依据,也为图书馆缓解用户的图书馆焦虑提供新的思路。     

The whole day matters: Understanding 24-hour movement guideline adherence and relationships with health indicators across the lifespan

BackgroundNew research suggests that the composition (mix) of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health across the lifespan. Consistent with this integrated movement behavior paradigm, a number of countries across the world have developed and released 24-h movement guidelines for specific age groups. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors, or adherence to 24-h movement guidelines, and multiple health indicators across the lifespan.MethodsFive online databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Ovid MEDLINE) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and January 2020 that met the a priori inclusion criteria, with no study design limits. The methodological quality of research evidence for each individual study and for each health indicator was assessed by using a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist.ResultsA total of 51 studies from 20 different countries met the inclusion criteria. A total of 31 studies examined adherence (meeting vs. not meeting) to 24-h movement guidelines, and 20 studies used compositional analyses to explore the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors. Findings indicated that meeting the 24-h movement guidelines were (1) not associated with adiposity among toddlers, (2) favorably associated with health-related quality of life, social-cognitive development, and behavioral and emotional problems among preschoolers, (3) favorably associated with global cognition, health-related quality of life, and healthy dietary patterns in children, and (4) favorably associated with adiposity, fitness, and cardiometabolic, mental, social, and emotional health among children and youth. Significant associations were also found between the composition of 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of (1) adiposity and bone and skeletal health among preschoolers, (2) health-related quality of life among children, (3) adiposity, fitness, and cardiometabolic, social, and emotional health among children and youth, (4) cardiometabolic health in adults, (5) adiposity and fitness among adults and older adults, and (6) mental health and risk of mortality among older adults. The quality of the available evidence ranged from poor to good.ConclusionThe current evidence indicates that the composition of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health at all ages and that meeting the current 24-h movement guidelines is associated with a number of desirable health indicators in children and youth. Future studies should employ longitudinal and experimental designs, include valid and reliable measures of 24-h movement behaviors, and examine a wide array of health indicators across all age groups. Such studies would confirm the results from the primarily cross-sectional evidence drawn from studies included in our review and further advance our understanding of the relationships between 24-h movement behaviors and health.     

图书馆学必须正确定位,不断注入学科活力--将组织行为学引入研究领域的思考

图书馆学科的实践性、服务性、公益性等行业特点决定了其社会地位和学术地位。在使科学精神与人文精神的极大地融合的过程中，首先要从组织行为学的角度切入去研究图书馆员，达到以馆员为本和以读者为本的和谐统一。     

饭店服务质量与消费者购后行为良性互动刍议

饭店服务质量对消费者购后行为有着显著的影响,消费者购后行为也同样反作用于服务质量。可以说,两者之间存在双向的良性互动关系。构建饭店服务质量与消费者购后行为良性互动模型,并对良性互动模型予以相关解释,分析其互动作用原理以及系统运行速度大小所代表的意义。最后,从增强系统的驱动力,提高驱动轮性能和完善从动轮性能与配合三方面提出实现饭店服务质量与消费者购后行为良性互动的对策与建议。     

留学生利用高校图书馆的行为归因及决策引导模型研究

[目的/意义] 分析高校图书馆留学生服务现状,通过构建留学生利用高校图书馆的行为归因及图书馆的决策引导模型,提升高校图书馆留学生服务能力。[方法/过程] 以上海大学留学生群体为例,采用扎根理论的研究方法对访谈资料进行质化分析,探明留学生利用图书馆的现状及原因,研究如何优化对留学生的服务。[结果/结论] 内部认知性认同和外部参照性认同是留学生利用图书馆的行为归因,保障信息质量和营销推广是高校馆的决策导向。     

基于小世界网络的知识网络结构演化模型研究

利用WS小世界网络模型构建知识网络的结构演化模型,通过度与度分布、平均最短路径长度及集聚系数等参数变化反映结构的时序变化,通过平均知识存量及标准差计算反映知识主体的行为变化,从而有助于明确知识网络结构演化微观动力机制及其结构演化过程细节.模型中知识网络主体的价值优化预期是网络结构演化动力,网络结构演化具体过程则涉及知识网络价值计算、知识节点耦合成本计算以及关系边权重计算三方面.     

学生认知方式影响数据库检索策略学习的实验研究

在大四学生组无干预实验中,根据准实验思路,检验场独立、场依存认知风格对数据库检索策略学习效果的影响差异。从策略得分看,场独立者学习效果更好;从学会者数量看,场依存者学会比例更高,场独立者更善于从自身过去的经验总结分析;从选择界面的原因来看,场独立者更加理性。考察个体学习者的特征所扮演的角色, 意义在于为信息系统的设计提供相关启示。     

Formal and informal interorganizational learning within strategic alliances

Learning behaviors of employees can be either formalized (in the form of programmed events and visits) or informal (in the form of spontaneous interaction and knowledge sharing). We investigate the effect that both types of learning behaviors have on interorganizational learning of substantive knowledge in the context of an alliance. We also look at the effects that the two forms of learning behavior have on each other. We find that while informal learning behaviors have a consistently positive effect on the learning outcome and on formal learning behaviors, this is not so for formal learning behaviors. The effect of formal behaviors on both learning outcome and informal behaviors, while positive, diminishes at higher levels. This leads us to conclude that although both informal and formal learning behaviors foster interorganizational learning, too much formalization obstructs learning. Similarly, while formally programmed behaviors do encourage informal learning behaviors of the boundary spanners, an excess of formalization stifles them.