引文分析视角下的中国古诗词用典问题初探

[目的/意义] 基于引文分析视角对中国古诗词用典问题进行理论分析和实证研究,致力于促进传统人文研究范式向当前大数据时代基于数据驱动的量化研究范式的转变与拓展,推动中国古诗词用典研究与文献计量学方法的交叉融合与创新性发展。[方法/过程] 首先通过对中国古诗词用典行为(现象)与学术论文引用行为(现象)之间异同点的比较对照,对古诗词用典现象的产生与发展、用典动机与用典行为、用典关系与用典网络等进行理论分析;其次,选用《全宋词》和《全宋词典故辞典》等语料,从施典维度和典源维度对宋词用典开展量化实证研究。[结果/结论] 中国古诗词用典现象历史悠久,研究议题丰富,现阶段亟需研究范式的创新和转变。通过理论分析和实证结果可以看出,引文分析法有助于在较大规模古诗词语料上开展更深入的探索。目前研究存在的最大困难在于典故自动识别和提取。未来需加强与NLP技术的密切结合,致力在典故识别提取、用典动机与用典行为分类、用典网络与典故知识图谱构建等问题上提出更有效的自动化解决方案和量化分析策略,以有力促进传统人文研究范式由理论阐释到实证解读、由主观判断到客观揭示、由定性分析到定量分析的转变,并在更多数字人文研究议题上产生出具有创新性的成果。     

诚信缺失的表现及其危害

诚信缺失已经成为当今我国进行社会主义现代化的重大障碍。本文指出了诚信缺失行为的主要表现，剖析了其危害，以求为重建信用指明方向。     

未成年人互联网利用行为的“小世界”:要素与作用机制

[目的/意义]未成年人互联网利用行为的形成过程相较于成年人而言更具复杂性和特殊性,探寻其形成原因有助于提升未成年人数字素养、引导其互联网利用行为良性发展并避免未成年人群体中新数字贫困的生成。[方法/过程]在扎根理论研究方法论指导下,对中国中部、东部、北部、南部、西部城乡共20个田野点展开以访谈为主的田野调查,借助三级编码分析方法,对未成年人互联网利用的行为、行为的影响因素构成和作用机制进行扎根理论分析。[结果/结论]人际网络、媒介空间和技术资本是未成年人互联网利用行为的外在客观动因,个体资本则是未成年人互联网利用行为的内在主观动因;初中阶段以前的未成年人互联网利用行为首先受到人际网络中父母、老师和家庭成员的影响,而初中阶段以后的未成年人互联网利用行为则首先受到个体资本和同学/朋友/他人的影响。未成年人互联网利用行为的小世界是由利用行为和影响因素共同构成并受年龄影响的动态空间。     

老子领导思想初探

《道德经》不仅是一部伟大的哲学著作,也是一部重要的领导学著作。书中蕴涵的关于领导素质、领导行为及领导权变等方面的丰富思想,是现代领导学所倡导的领导方法和领导艺术,为当代领导者的领导实践提供了积极的借鉴和参考。     

大学生网络行为与心理健康教育

在信息化的社会中,心理健康问题越来越受到人们的重视,网络生活已成为当代大学生整体生活的重要组成部分,在网络背景下开展大学生心理健康教育正成为高校心理健康教育的新领域、新途径。开设健康课程、建立心理网站、开辟咨询途径、构建心理档案、提高师资素质等是在网络背景下加强大学生心理健康教育工作的重要手段。     

“高校德育模式创新研究”专题——多元文化情景下高校德育模式建构的哲学之思——交往行为理论的德育价值和困境的启示

不能过高估计哈贝马斯交往行为理论在多元文化背景下对高校德育理论发展的哲学意义,因为哈贝马斯的哲学理论同样面临难以克服的困境。要创新马克思主义教育哲学,把交往行为理论中的有益观点重置于马克思主义实践哲学基础之上,建构多元文化情景下的高校德育模式。     

双语教师的课堂教学行为之功能及改进措施

目前，新疆少数民族双语教育教学的研究活动如火如荼，成果丰硕。但笔者发现，在众多的研究文献中，少见针对双语教师课堂教学行为及其功能的研究。文章对此进行了初步的探讨，以期起到抛砖引玉之效果。     

How to do things without words: The taken‐for‐granted as speech‐action

Taken‐for‐granteds (TFGs), or uncoded propositions, seem to be as vulnerable to Janguage‐action analysis as is speech. The present essay provides some beginnings to such analysis. Taken‐for‐granteds are described in a brief literature review as being constituted of reflexive relations of patterns and parts‐the parts are micro‐details of messages; the patterns are frames. Following Goffman, a line of research called “frame analysis” is proposed to describe TFG use. Several areas of inquiry are sketched briefly, including: alignment talk, analysis of frame genres, male‐female conversation, and patterns of myth.     

Childhood maltreatment and adolescent sexual risk behaviors: Unique,cumulative and interactive effects

Child maltreatment has been associated with sexual risk behaviors. Previous investigators have typically studied only one form of maltreatment, preventing them from exploring interrelations between forms of maltreatment and their impact on sexual risk behaviors. Thus, this study aims to examine the unique, cumulative, and interactive effects of four maltreatment forms (sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect, and witnessing interparental violence) on sexual risk behaviors. The sample comprised 1940 sexually active adolescents (M_age = 15.6; 60.8% girls) attending Quebec (Canada) high schools. Regression results showed that all maltreatment forms were associated with having a higher number of sexual partners, casual sexual behavior, and a younger age at first consensual intercourse. Physical abuse and witnessing interparental violence were associated with inconsistent condom use, and physical abuse was associated with sexually transmitted infections. After controlling for all forms of maltreatment (unique effects), analyses showed that sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect or witnessing interparental violence remained statistically associated depending on the sexual risk behavior. A greater number of forms of maltreatment was associated with more sexual risk behaviors (cumulative effect). When sexual abuse was not experienced, neglect was associated with a higher number of sexual partners (interactive effects). In general, associations between maltreatment and sexual risk behaviors were similar for both genders. The magnitude of the relationship between a specific form of child maltreatment and sexual risk behaviors may be inaccurately estimated when not controlling for other forms of maltreatment.     

The relationship between time spent living with kin and adolescent functioning in youth with a history of out-of-home placement

Objective

Many children in the US who are court-ordered to live in out-of-home care are placed with kinship caregivers. Few studies have examined the impact of living with kin on child well-being. This study examined the relationship between length of time living with kin and indices of adolescent well-being in a cohort of children who were initially court-ordered into out-of-home care.

Methods

Prospective cohort design with 148 youth, ages 7-12, who entered out-of-home care between May, 1990, and October, 1991. Seventy-five percent of those interviewed at T1 (6 months following placement) were interviewed at T2 (5 years later).

Results

Bivariate analyses did not demonstrate significant relationships between length of time living with kin and the outcome variables. In multivariate analyses, longer length of time living with kin was related to: (1) greater involvement in risk behaviors including: delinquency (β = .22, p < .05), sexual risk behaviors (β = .31, p < .05), substance use (β = .26, p < .05), and total risk behaviors (β = .27, p < .05), and (2) poorer life-course outcomes including: Tickets/Arrests (OR = 1.4, p < .05) and lower grades (β = −.24, p < .05). Time living with kin was not related to total competence, or self-destructive, internalizing, externalizing, or total behavior problems. There were trends (p < .10) for time living with kin to predict greater trauma symptomatology (β = .17) and suspensions (OR = 1.1).

Conclusions

There were no significant bivariate findings. The multivariate findings suggested a pattern of poorer functioning for youth who spent more time living with kin. No differences were found in current symptomatology.

Practice implications

Although findings from a single study should not dictate changes in practice or policy, the current study's findings do suggest that the field needs to conduct more methodologically sophisticated research on the impact of kinship care.