如何合理地编排座位

合理编排座位对于调动学生的学习积极性、保证良好的班级纪律、调节课堂的气氛和培养团结互助的学风起着重要作用。     

“Things your history teacher won't teach you: Science edition”: Black women science teachers as anti-racist teachers

Marginalized communities cannot and do not have decontextualized experiences with how socioscientific issues, such as exposure to COVID-19 as frontline essential workers, high Black infant mortality rates, air pollution leading to respiratory problems, and other issues, affect their communities. As PreK-12 science teachers and teacher educators strive to dismantle oppressive practices in their classrooms and curriculum, it would be helpful to learn from Black women science teachers who have been engaging in anti-racist practices before the racial awakenings of Summer 2020. In this study, three different virtual focus groups, or Sista Circles, were conducted with 18 Black women secondary science teachers. Ranging from 1 to 22 years of experience, Black women teachers across the country and international participants in Canada and Qatar participated in the Sista Circles. From intersectional qualitative analysis and narrative inquiry, the findings of the study reveal that Black women science teachers enact anti-racist science teaching by bringing something new to the community; using NGSS standards within the context of the community; teaching at the intersection of history, culture, and science learning and teaching; and building critical consciousness in the science classroom. Furthermore, the findings of the study have implications for the use of anti-racist frameworks within the context of science education that were authentically the practices of the Black women in the study. This study offers insights into how the critical consciousness of Black women teachers can be represented in the science classroom even in times of nonsupport from peers and administration. The power and necessity of Black women teachers are paramount in science classrooms specifically because of the neutral, apolitical ways science teaching has been approached in the past. The narratives and stories shared here exemplify how Black women science teachers transform science teaching and learning by displaying various acts of Criticality.     

Does the Great Firewall Really Isolate the Chinese? Integrating Access Blockage With Cultural Factors to Explain Web User Behavior

The dominant understanding of Internet censorship posits that blocking access to foreign-based websites creates isolated communities of Internet users. We question this discourse for its assumption that if given access people would use all websites. We develop a conceptual framework that integrates access blockage with social structures to explain Web users’ choices, and argue that users visit websites they find culturally proximate and that access blockage matters only when such sites are blocked. We examine the case of China, where online blockage is notoriously comprehensive, and compare Chinese Web usage patterns with those elsewhere. Analyzing audience traffic among the 1000 most visited websites, we find that websites cluster according to language and geography. Chinese websites constitute one cluster, which resembles other such geolinguistic clusters in terms of both its composition and its degree of isolation. Our sociological investigation reveals a greater role of cultural proximity than access blockage in explaining online behaviors.     

基于XML/RDF的元数据描述在数字图书馆的应用

介绍了数字图书馆中基于XML/RDF的两种元数据描述技术,一种是传统的机读格式MARC元数据,一种是DC元数据。通过对比发现,DC元数据描述的数字资源信息更为直观、灵活、易读,但DC元数据并不能完全取代MARC元数据,二者各有优点和不足,并相互补充。     

关于职前阶段数学教师知识合理建构的思考

数学教师知识的合理建构是培养高素质数学教师队伍的关键因素之一，而职前阶段是数学教师知识建构的起始阶段。在我国基础教育数学课程改革向纵深发展的时候，关于职前阶段数学教师知识的模型和合理建构的基本途径问题仍值得我们探讨和思考。     

数字图书馆的体系结构与元数据方案

本文从数字图书馆体系结构的角度考察元数据方案 ,认为元数据方案在很大程度上决定了数字图书馆各类对象的数据结构 ,影响着数字资源的管理方式和构件模型。同时元数据方案应该体现数字图书馆与一般因特网应用的不同之处 ,即数字图书馆是把因特网上形形色色的数据类型都视为 (或转化为 )具有特定结构的“包” ,以面向对象的方法设计的高度灵活的、可扩展的、具有互操作能力的体系结构 ,提供基于内容的组织、发布和检索等服务。元数据方案设计的出发点是将资源的存储、表现、传输相分离 ,提供分层次的服务。元数据提供了所有这些功能语义内容与相互联系的基础。本文探讨了静态的和平面的元数据方案的一些缺陷 ,认为一套好的元数据方案必须解决站点级元数据与资源级元数据的关系问题 ,必须明确达到不同的系统对于元数据不同的功能需求 ,例如对于版权属性的揭示、对于资源保存属性的考虑、对于系统开放性的考虑等等。对利用知识本体 (Ontology)从方法论层面上解决元数据的互操作问题提出了初步设想     

RDF(资源描述框架)--Web数据集成的元数据解决方案

元数据的使用可以大大提高信息系统检索和管理的效率,W3C提出的RDF则解决了在Web数据集成中使用元数据的问题.本文逐一介绍RDF的基本含义,RDF在Web上实现元数据描述及交换的机制,RDF的特点及RDF在若干Web新技术中的应用.最后以RDF在DLI2的子项目InterLib中的应用为例,详细说明RDF的应用方案.     

档案元数据标准建设及其网上实现

本文对档案元数据的概念进行了简要地介绍,详细描述了Dublin Core和EAD两个元数据格式在档案界的应用,最后提出了档案元数据网上实现应注意的问题,提出了一些个人的见解.     

Culturally responsive computing as brokerage: toward asset building with education-based social movements

Bridging schools and communities has been a goal, if not hurdle, for reformers who aim to improve the education of low-income and underrepresented students from the bottom-up. Strategies to create these connections are often characterized as ‘brokerage’, where individuals or organizations bridge two or more social worlds. This paper details the design and implementation of educational technologies that support the brokering of school–community connections using a ‘culturally responsive computing’ (CRC) framework. Culturally responsive education is often limited to content and learning styles, which misses the opportunities it creates for a brokerage process that also connects to education-based social movements for economic access in underrepresented communities. This paper provides empirical support for the claim that the CRC framework is well suited for both purposes. It allows schools and communities to build assets together, translating the knowledge and skills of underrepresented communities into math and computing education, while illuminating the ways in which technologies can motivate education-based social movement building.