社会情绪动态平衡的机制

社会情绪是指大多数社会民众,在某一时间段内针对某一必须共同应对的社会事件产生的共同感受。防御策略、社会比较、责任归因、情绪从众、文化建构等机制对社会情绪的性质、强度、指向对象的动态变化发挥着重要的作用。在社会公共事务管理中,可通过这些机制的相互协调,实现社会情绪动态平衡,积累社会正能量。     

Wrangling Metadata from HathiTrust and PubMed to Provide Full-Text Linking to The Cornell Veterinarian

In the January 1994 issue of The Cornell Veterinarian editor Maurice E. White wrote, “THIS is the last issue of The Cornell Veterinarian. The Cornell Vet has a proud history, dating back to June, 1911 …” In 2013 Cornell University Library began efforts to improve the “afterlife” for The Cornell Veterinarian journal by leveraging a number of disparate initiatives and metadata sources. While attempting to build article-level linking to full text in HathiTrust (functionality currently unavailable), limitations in the metadata captured during the scanning process were uncovered. This article will include a delineation of these metadata findings with strategies (some scalable, others highly labor intensive) for gathering the necessary metadata for creating direct links to articles found in HathiTrust.     

“文化强国”视域下我国城市社区体育公共服务特征新论

城市社区体育公共服务作为"文化强国"与"体育强国"建设以及现代公共文化服务体系构建的重要内容,其具有非排他性、非竞争性和不可分割性等一般意义上的公共服务特征之外,理应还拥有自身的一些特征。笔者立足于"文化强国"视域,以现有的体育公共服务和社区体育公共服务特征研究成果为基础,进一步探析城市社区体育公共服务的公共性、社会性、福利性和自主性等特征,旨在为不断建设和完善城市社区体育公共服务体系、广泛开展全民健身运动、有效促进群众体育快速健康及全面发展等提供一定思路。同时,研究以期为推动我国城市社区体育公共服务建设与改革事业步入新征程、开创新局面、迈上新台阶和实现新发展等提供理论参考。     

Children’s epistemic reasoning about social inclusion of aggressive peers in a culturally diverse school

Moral reasoning in values education can promote a democratic way of life. It involves addressing behaviour expectations in responses to violence or bullying. There is increasing interest in how children make moral judgments about social inclusion within diverse cultural settings. Critical research highlights the relationship between epistemic cognition (views about the nature of knowledge and knowing) and reasoning. In this paper, we argue that this relationship is likely to be important in reasoning about moral values for inclusion in culturally diverse schools. However, we know little about how children in diverse educational settings reason about and enact school values for inclusion. Our study addresses this gap by examining primary school children’s epistemic reasoning about the social inclusion of peers with a focus on justifications for inclusion/exclusion of aggressive peers. Twenty-six children (10–11 years old) from one culturally diverse school community in Australia were asked to illustrate (drawings) and reflect on (15–20 minute interviews) a conflict situation involving exclusion from play. The findings showed that most children reasoned about including/excluding others based on a ‘one right answer’ pattern which reflected an explicit focus on following the school rules. Fewer children moved ‘beyond right answers’ to show transition towards perceiving multiple perspectives in their reasoning about inclusion/exclusion. Implications for values education are discussed.     

Copts in Egyptian history textbooks: towards an integrated framework for analyzing minority representations

The Egyptian Christian (Coptic) minority’s marginalization in politics and the Egyptian public sphere has been well investigated by several scholars. However, while many scholars and activists continue to call for the inclusion of the Coptic era in Egyptian history curricula, only very few studies have actually analyzed how that historical era—and Copts in general—are presented in these curricula. Thus, I conduct a textual analysis of Egyptian history textbooks from 1890 until 2017. I find that, with few exceptions—contrary to widely circulated speculations—Coptic history has consistently been included, but allocated a disproportionately smaller space vis-à-vis other eras. The analysis also illustrates how Copts are constructed as a largely persecuted and victimized people, with few contributions—implying a narrative arc of decline. Thus, to render Egyptian history curricula more culturally relevant and inclusive, curricular reform efforts need to be reframed to more strategically focus on questions such as how the Copts, and the significance and continuity of their contributions throughout Egyptian history, are portrayed. This study also seeks to offer an integrated framework for analyzing the representation of minorities in textbooks globally.     

低碳适用技术的概念、评估与减排效益分析——以吉林省为例

新常态下低碳适用技术不仅是低碳经济发展的持续动力,而且还是未来CO2减排的决定性因素。基于低碳适用技术概念,分别从宏观、中观和微观视角提出低碳适用技术需求评估研究思路;以吉林省为例,采用LMDI分解模型和熵值法等对低碳适用技术需求评估进行探究,构建吉林省实现碳减排的低碳适用技术清单列表,并进一步分析低碳适用技术的减排潜力;最后从推进先进节能技术、改造升级传统技术、淘汰落后工艺和技术、建设能耗在线监测系统等方面提出对策建议。     

突破开放链接瓶颈的数字资源规范KBART解析

[目的/意义]对知识库及其相关工具的推荐实施规范（Knowledge Bases and Related Tools（KBART）Recommended Practice）进行研究,借此推动我国图书馆界对KBART的深入了解和广泛应用,帮助内容提供商通过认证并实现提供高品质数字资源的承诺,提升终端用户的数字资源使用环境。[方法/过程]通过介绍KBART标准规范的产生、发展、主要内容及特点,对该规范的最佳实践指南、相关教育资料及组织的活动及有关知识库信息的网络枢纽中心等工作进行总结。在此基础上调研国内外电子资源领域对KBART应用与实践的现状,分析KBART的发展趋势。[结果/结论]KBART标准规范已得到较多资源提供商的认可并付诸实践,推动国内外电子资源的规范化建设和管理。     

论元数据在数字图书馆信息组织中的应用

在简要介绍元数据的类型与格式的基础上,从数字资源发现与数字资源保存两方面论述元数据在数字图书馆信息组织中的应用。     

一种新的搜索引擎探讨

传统的搜索引擎都不具备理解文档内容的能力 ,导致查准率普遍不高。本文提出一种采用RDF和信息提取技术的新的搜索引擎。该引擎采用信息提取技术自动获取和生成网络资源的元数据 ,由RDF描述并携带在互联网上传输、交换 ,智能代理负责收集、处理该元数据信息并向用户提供检索服务。由于计算机可以理解RDF携带的元数据的含义 ,因此可以做到基于内容的概念检索。本文在分析各种技术背景的基础上 ,给出了这种搜索模型的结构图 ,阐述了该系统的原理、优点 ,并给出了部分模块的设计