我国个人信用征信业中的经济租:成因及对策分析

个人信用征信是解决我国目前信用缺位、维护市场经济秩序的有力手段。我国加入WTO的服务贸易特定义务承诺对国内个人信用征信业的长远发展产生了较为不利的影响:由于我国对消费者个人信息隐私权保护立法的缺失而创设的行业经济租可能导致大量的寻租活动和巨大的社会成本。为了使我国的个人信用征信体系能得到较全面的法律基础支撑、与国际惯例接轨,需要以立法的形式保护消费者的个人信息隐私权以使个人信用征信业的外部成本内在化。     

《巴黎协议》下中国“可监测、可报告、可核查”技术管理体系的构建

2015年12月《巴黎协议》的签署开启全球气候治理的新篇章,发展中国家的义务被加重,所有缔约国应适用统一的"可监测、可报告、可核查"技术标准。中国将于2017年正式运行全国性碳排放权交易市场,构建与国际接轨的"可监测、可报告、可核查"技术管理体系是急需解决的重要问题,应当学习国际上的先进经验,按照国际规则的要求,从制定立法规范各环节的运行、加强数据管理和信息透明度建设、加快专业人才培养和机构建设等方面展开工作。     

国际期刊科学出版理念的更迭——第8届国际同行评议和科学出版大会综述

对第8届国际同行评议和科学出版大会的报告和讨论进行整理、思考和综述,围绕会议研讨的5个主要话题——同行评议、经济利益冲突、临床试验注册、国际报告规范、数据共享,介绍并总结了国际期刊科学出版理念的更迭。通过此会议综述,介绍国际编辑新的理念和方法,拓宽编辑视野,为国内期刊出版工作提供启迪与思路。     

新闻束报集束式多元事实的新闻叙事

新闻束报其实是主题性报道的一种叙事方式.是编辑将来自各方面彼此独立的新闻,根据新闻主题需要和以构成完整社会画面、彰显一种宏大社会氛围的目的出发,撷取众多新闻中最具新闻价值和传播价值的事实所进行的综合性的新闻叙事.目前,理论界对其研究较少,媒体实践又大多处于随意的状态,深入研究并进行理论梳理,寻求新闻传播规律,用于指导新闻实践,对于改造主流媒体的新闻面相,提高主流媒体的传播力和影响力具有重要价值.     

论《呼啸山庄》中的叙事留白

《呼啸山庄》在叙事上打破了传统的叙事模式,采用了叙事跳跃,多层转述等叙事手段。叙事跳跃的运用使作品在叙述上刻意留下了时空空白;多层次的转述使作品的整个叙述成为一种较为开放的系统,它抹去了叙述者的绝对权威,容纳了多角度、多层次的对比与联系。这些叙事手段的运用都有意给读者留下一种空白,激发读者的想象力,从而达到一种"无声胜有声"的境界,产生一种经久不衰的艺术魅力。     

Starting with ABC and finishing with XYZ: what financial reporting model best fits a faculty and why?

This article looks at the range of financial reporting models available for use in the Australian higher education sector, the possible application of activity-based costing (ABC) in faculties and the eventual rejection of ABC in favour of a more qualitative model designed specifically for use in one institution, in a particular Faculty. The decision not to implement ABC in the Faculty is examined, looking to the overall purpose and outcomes of Faculty activities. The broader question will be asked, what kinds of obstacles are likely to sound the death knell for ABC use in universities?     

PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA statement for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews

Background:Literature searches underlie the foundations of systematic reviews and related review types. Yet, the literature searching component of systematic reviews and related review types is often poorly reported. Guidance for literature search reporting has been diverse and, in many cases, does not offer enough detail to authors who need more specific information about reporting search methods and information sources in a clear, reproducible way. This document presents the PRISMA-S (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension) checklist, and explanation and elaboration.Methods:The checklist was developed using a three-stage Delphi survey process, followed by a consensus conference and public review process.Results:The final checklist includes sixteen reporting items, each of which is detailed with exemplar reporting and rationale.Conclusions:The intent of PRISMA-S is to complement the PRISMA Statement and its extensions by providing a checklist that could be used by interdisciplinary authors, editors, and peer reviewers to verify that each component of a search is completely reported and, therefore, reproducible.     

Political Journalists’ Interaction Networks

This article examines with whom political journalists interact on Twitter and what information they share. These relations are explored by combining a content analysis and a network analysis of interaction patterns. The activities published on journalists’ personal accounts are studied. Prior research has shown that elite journalists, in particular, mainly seek to remain gatekeepers and tend to normalize emerging communication spaces. Only one-quarter of the parliamentary correspondents in the German Federal Press Conference had an individual Twitter profile as of February 2014. The content analysis of all tweets published during a week in March 2014 (N?=?2210) reveals that German political journalists clearly normalize Twitter to fit existing practices: the journalists mostly tweeted about publicly relevant communication and reported in an information-oriented style. Transparency was limited on their topics of interest, and they did not provide direct opportunities for the audience to become more active in the news-creation process. The network analysis shows that the correspondents especially incorporated politicians into their regular circle of contacts. Nevertheless, the interaction networks were clearly dominated by exchanges between journalists. In this way, journalists’ tweets allow us to observe expert talks rather than encouraging users to participate in a discussion.     

美国高校年度报告中文化-认知调查——基于正当性的制度视角分析

文化-认知调查是美国高校年度报告中关注不同社会群体感受,尤其是学生群体感受的制度形式。消费者理念、依法行事、投入-回报等共同信念构成了文化-认知调查外源性和内源性的动力,驱动了多样化调查类型的产生,使其呈现出多级多类的格局结构。正当性的制度视角分析发现,目的动因、调查形式、参与主体、技术手段等均是文化-认知调查的正当性表现方式。客观理性层面上,文化-认知调查具有竞争与互补双重功能、生成了信息竞争机制、具有专业性特色;主观认同层面上,文化-认知调查得到公众的积极参与和信任、具备公众认同的鲜明类型。文化-认知调查提升了美国高等教育质量,但未来仍应增强改革的正当性。     

Suspected Child Maltreatment: Preschool Staff in a Conflict of Loyalty

Objective To investigate the actions of Swedish preschool staff when suspecting the maltreatment of children in their domestic environment, and the staff’s further experiences and relations to the family members. Methods A questionnaire in 2005 to the staff of 189 child groups in community preschools, including 3,100 children. Results A report to Child Protective Agency (CPA) was submitted in 30% of the cases where maltreatment was suspected. The staff’s decisions as well as their working situation, and how they estimated the parents’ benefits from CPA support were deeply affected by their different relations to the families. The staff had their best contact with the children and their most insecure and vulnerable contact with the fathers. Conclusions In situations with suspected child maltreatment the staff face conflicts of loyalty, mostly based on insecure relations, which could become an impediment to supporting and educating the children.