THE PROMISE OF COMPUTATIONAL JOURNALISM

Computational journalism involves the application of software and technologies to the activities of journalism, and it draws from the fields of computer science, the social sciences, and media and communications. New technologies may enhance the traditional aims of journalism, or may initiate greater interaction between journalists and information and communication technology (ICT) specialists. The enhanced use of computing in news production is related in particular to three factors: larger government datasets becoming more widely available; the increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous nature of software; and the developing digital economy. Drawing upon international examples, this paper argues that computational journalism techniques may provide new foundations for original investigative journalism and increase the scope for new forms of interaction with readers. Computational journalism provides a major opportunity to enhance the production of original investigative journalism, and to attract and retain readers online.     

When Everything Else Fails: Radio Journalism During Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico

ABSTRACT

In an era of over-reliance on online media technologies in disasters, this research examines the journalistic functions played by Puerto Rican AM radio workers during Hurricane Maria. Throughout the emergency there was total loss of electricity and communications, nonetheless local radio continued operations. This study is one of a few that explore journalistic practices during a disaster in the context of a Spanish-language media system. Through a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with radio workers, we found that in spite of having preparedness plans, the magnitude of the disaster led to improvization and the embracing of alternative journalistic roles. One of the main barriers was the inadequate technology for this particular context. Radio workers were also victims of the disaster and faced challenges in both their journalistic and first responder roles.     

Partners in Power

This historical analysis examines the relationship between investigative journalists and official sources through the prism of Pulitzer Prize archive materials from 1917 through 1960. Most prize research has focused on the content of winning stories, but this study provides a fuller picture of the process of newsmaking—and policymaking—through an exploration of deliberative material created by prize juries. While the role of the press in these decades and beyond has been conceptualized alternately as a passive lapdog or an aggressive watchdog, this essay offers a more nuanced view of newspapers that are fully entangled with power in society—sometimes collaborating with a faction of power, sometimes confronting a faction, and, often, both at once. Detailed jury notes on the nominations tell the stories behind the investigations, revealing a press that sometimes leads and other times takes the lead from those in positions of official power. The paper adds to the literature on policy and media agenda building, arguing that through investigative reporting, journalists have often been active rather than passive partners in systems of community standard maintenance.     

灾难性事件报道中的评价研究

灾难性事件报道是新闻工作者对灾难性事件的客观描述。我们不仅要关心该类报道所呈现的社会现实,而且更要探究构成它的内在机制。通过运用系统功能语法中的物质过程以及马丁的评价理论对《纽约时报》2005年10月9日关于巴基斯坦地震的报道进行分析,揭示了该报道的态度、立场和观点,彰显了客观性报道背后的意识形态。     

实质损害原则——美国信息隐私保护利益平衡原则

欧盟平衡个人信息隐私权和公共利益的原则是充分利益原则,只有在证明公共利益是充分必要时,才能适当减损个人信息隐私权;美国则更为重视信息自由流动的价值意义,在平衡个人信息隐私权与公共利益的冲突时,采取实质损害原则,保护个人信息隐私免于披露必须证明披露信息对个人造成实质损害或实质损害的威胁。本文在分析我国建设征信体系时所处的背景及所面临的主要矛盾后,建议借鉴美国信息隐私保护的利益平衡观,在个人信用信息的采集和利用方面,采取“宽进严出”的方式。     

"信息检索与利用"网络课程辅助系统--智能测试系统的设计

对智能测试系统的开发进行了详细介绍，提出并实现了该系统的两个重要部分——题库系统和网上考试系统，题库系统中的标准化试题系统、试卷系统对提高教学质量起到推动性作用。网上考试系统具有智能性特点。     

做好高校信息报送工作的对策研究——基于常熟理工学院信息报送工作实践

做好高校信息报送工作,必须在分析掌握我省高校信息报送工作的现状和特点的基础上,认真思考信息报送工作的对策,从指导思想、基本原则、队伍建设、信息媒介、机制创新和提高质量等方面着手实施。     

新闻话语分析的研究

新闻话语分析可从内容分析、批评语篇分析、结构分析,以及传统的体裁分析等不同角度进行研究,本文以系统功能语法中的主位结构为指导对西方新闻报道这一体裁进行话语分析,从而证明了功能语法的可操作性并从新的角度来评论西方新闻报道的话语特点,透过新的视角看西方文化,为东西文化交流搭建平台。     

Historical constructions of journalistic communication in China: on three definitions of news*

This paper examines three definitions of “news” in the history of journalism studies in China. Xu Baohuang’s definition emphasizes the “facts,” with an aim to establish an objective and neutral press model. Lu Dingyi defines news through “reporting,” which has since then transformed into the principle of “reporting with the facts.” Fan Changjiang prioritizes the “masses” in his definition, attempting to explore new ways for the operation of party-owned newspapers in the new era.     

Interdisciplinary collaboration needed in obtaining high-quality medical information in child abuse investigations

BackgroundDespite reporting legislation, healthcare providers (HCPs) do not always report and collaborate in cases of suspected child abuse. Recognizing this leaves children at risk, the Wisconsin Child Abuse Network (WI CAN) sought to understand barriers to mandated reporting and collaboration with child abuse investigators.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to investigate barriers for professionals in providing and obtaining high-quality medical information in child abuse investigations.Participants and settingParticipants included five discipline-specific focus groups: HCPs, child protective services (CPS), law enforcement, lawyers, and judges. All professionals had been directly involved in Wisconsin child abuse cases.MethodsThis qualitative study consisted of discipline-specific focus groups, directed by open-ended interview questions. Data analysis was completed through the narrative inquiry methodology.ResultsBarriers to providing and obtaining high-quality medical information in child abuse investigations were both discipline-specific and universal amongst all groups. Discipline-specific barriers included: HCPs’ discomfort with uncertainty; CPS’ perception of disrespect and mistrust by HCPs; law enforcement’s concerns with HCPs’ overstepping professional boundaries; lawyers’ concern of HCPs’ discomfort with court proceedings; and judges’ perception of a lack of understanding between all disciplines. Universal barriers included: value of high-quality medical information in child abuse investigations, burden of time and money; unequal resources between counties; a need for protocols, and a need for interdisciplinary collaboration.ConclusionFindings from this study suggest several ways to address identified barriers. Possible interventions include equalizing resources between urban and rural counties (specifically financial resources and access to child abuse experts); protocolizing reporting and investigations; and, increasing interprofessional education.