突聋听性脑干诱发电位分析

为探讨突发性耳聋患者听性脑干诱发电位（ＡＢＲ）的特征,对４２例突发性耳聋患者的ＡＢＲ资料作回顾性分析。本组突聋患者ＡＢＲ测试均出现异常,波１潜伏期较对照组明显延长（Ｐ〈０．００１）;波Ｉ～Ⅲ、Ｉ～Ⅴ间期较对照组明显缩短（Ｐ〈０．０５）;眩晕组较无眩晕组较无眩晕组波Ｉ潜伏期明显延长（Ｐ〈０．０５）本组资料提示突聋患者ＡＢＲ以波１潜伏期延长为特征,伴有眩晕的突聋患者较无眩晕者病变程度重,波１潜伏期更长     

Happiness disabled: sensory disabilities,happiness and the rise of educational expertise in the nineteenth century

To date, the historical entanglement of disability and happiness has not been considered an object worth of historical inquiry. Nor has the intersection of disability and emotions been used as a lens to examine the history of disability. Our paper aims at filling this academic void by analysing a wide range of philosophical, anthropological, pedagogical, popular and poetic texts dealing with the following question: “Who is unhappiest, the blind or the deaf?” On the basis of a comparative study of Belgian, Dutch, German, Swiss, Austrian, British and American primary source material, we argue that the transformation of western concepts of happiness during the nineteenth century was reflected in attitudes towards people with sensory disabilities. If at the turn of the eighteenth century happiness was considered a sensory experience, it very soon became dependent on the intervention of an educational expert. On the basis of our source material we draw the conclusion that happiness has been an overlooked factor in the construction and problematisation of disability in western societies. Analysis of the ways in which nineteenth-century authors have dealt with this question also shows how happiness became connected to new ways of wielding power, and in particular to the rise of the educational expert.     

Assessing resilience in students who are deaf or blind: Supplementing standardized achievement testing

Although testing accommodations for standardized assessments are available for students with disabilities, interpretation remains challenging. The authors explored resilience to see if it could contribute to the interpretation of academic success for students who are deaf or hard of hearing or blind or have low vision. High school students (30 deaf, 11 blind) responded to the Resiliency Scales and a school-specific resilience survey. Student ratings were within 1 SD of those who were not deaf or blind; resilience was positively correlated with academic success (grade point average). Resilience information may contribute to the interpretation of academic success in students who are deaf or blind and may provide insight into potential interventions. This is the first time students who are deaf or blind have been assessed on a published measure of resilience. Results defy stereotypes and affirm that individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing or blind or have low vision have more in common with the hearing and seeing world than is often recognized.     

The importance of vowel diacritics for reading in Hebrew: What can be learned from readers with prelingual deafness?

This study investigates the importance of voweldiacritics for the reading of Hebrew inindividuals with different levels ofphonological control. A paradigm calling forwritten ordered-recall of 12 lists of 8consecutively displayed Hebrew nouns was usedas a test tool. Item presentation andbetween-item interval were computer-controlled.Half of the nouns on the lists were presentedwith vowel diacritics designating their vowels.The remaining nouns appeared with their voweldiacritics removed. Thirty-nine hearingstudents (mean grade 6.5) and twenty-seven students withprelingual deafness (mean grade 6.9)participated in the experiment. Analyses of thegroups' recall rate, recall-order accuracy, andintrusion error rate indicate that, overall,adding vowel diacritics had a facilitatingeffect on the participants' quantitative andqualitative STM performance. Fine-tunedpost-hoc examinations further suggest thatproviding vowel diacritics may be particularlyworthwhile for Hebrew readers with impoverishedreading skills. These findings are discussedwith regard to their implications for thereading of Hebrew.     

The sound of study: Student experiences of listening in the university soundscape

The students from three universities (Groningen, Oldenburg and the University of Applied Sciences in Utrecht) were surveyed on the experience of hearing and listening in their studies. Included in the online survey were established questionnaires on hearing loss, tinnitus, hyperacusis, a subscale on psychosocial strain resulting from impaired hearing and a questionnaire about students’ perceptions of listening ease in study environments. Results from the 10,466 students who completed the survey (13% response rate) are highlighted, with particular attention to listening ease and measures proposed by students for improving it. The number of students having problems with hearing and listening transpires to be substantially larger when research is not constrained to students with a recognised hearing impairment, suggesting that listening is primarily a sociocultural performance and achievement rather than an artefact of physical attributes. One finding from our survey is that classroom practices could be more effective if study soundscapes are improved, while universities might exercise greater inclusive responsibility for study as a high quality sensory experience for the benefit of all students.     

Using New Technology to Comply with ADA Assistive Listening Requirements

Hearing loss impacts 17 percent of the U.S. population. Recent changes to the Americans with Disabilities Act may require updates to how libraries accommodate people with hearing loss. Assistive listening technologies, such as Hearing Loop, open up more opportunities for libraries to engage with and better serve individuals with hearing loss.