A knock to the system: A new sociotechnical systems approach to sport-related concussion

Broader contextual factors that influence concussion management have tended to be overlooked. To address this, the present study used a sociotechnical systems approach to identify perceived responsibilities and applied strategies for three domains of concussion management (i.e., prevention, identification and treatment). Participants were 118 members of the community rugby union system in Australia (69.2% male). Participants from throughout the rugby system (e.g., players, parents, coaches, club management) were asked open-ended questions about their perceived responsibilities and the strategies they use for concussion management. It was found that (a) proper training, technique correction and education were recurrent prevention themes; (b) the majority of key stakeholders felt that they could consistently identify concussion; however, medical aids (medics) were the only system actors who stated a responsibility to use standardised concussion assessment measures and (c) less than one third of the respondents indicated their involvement in treating concussion. This study identifies specific junctures in the system that prevents effective concussion management strategies. A sociotechnical systems approach improves the understanding of concussion prevention, and management beliefs and behaviours.     

我国龙狮运动可持续性发展战略研究——基于SWOT矩阵组合分析

摘要：我国舞龙舞狮运动从民间节气活动走向竞技舞台已20多年来的发展,随着时代的发展,未来龙狮运动发展战略究竟怎样？主要采用文献资料法、访谈法和数理统计法等研究方法,引用SWOT态势分析法,对我国龙狮运动可持续性发展进程中自身强势和劣势、发展中存在的问题、未来面临的发展机会及外界影响因素进行分析,从宏观上为我国龙狮运动可持续发展提供一个崭新的视角。研究表明,中国龙狮运动可持续发展战略路径：1）优势-机会组合分析表明,利用学校教育资源,扩大度发展大中学校龙狮队伍建设,提升龙狮运动在青少年中的认知能力;加强龙狮教练员、裁判员的师资培养;2)劣势-机会组合分析表明,加大龙狮科研理论体系研究力度,提升我国龙狮运动的理论与实践并驾齐驱;利用网络+平台,加大推广和宣传龙狮运动力度;3)优势-威胁组合分析表明,加强国际间的交流与合作,进一步挖掘整理龙狮运动的时代内涵,加强对龙狮文化的保护和推广工作,完善现行的竞赛制度;4)劣势-威胁组合分析表明,龙狮走市场、产业等多元化渠道,建立完善的器材标准化,弘扬龙狮传统文化。有利于把握竞技龙狮发展的特点和规律,为我国竞技龙狮运动可持续性发展提供一定的参考依据。     

两权分离背景下公共体育场馆委托经营管理模式的应用研究

摘要：主要采用文献资料法、实地调查法和访谈法,基于公共体育场馆委托经营管理模式的相关理论、政策以及对多个项目的实践比较分析,提出委托经营管理模式的应用意义、需厘清的若干关键问题和发展建议,为创新体育场馆管理体制与运行机制提供理论参考。研究发现：采用委托经营管理模式运作公共体育场馆,可以减轻财政压力、提高场馆运营效率、避免国有资产流失,盘活存量资源、扩建增量场馆。指出应用委托经营管理模式需要厘清的关键问题：1)公共体育场馆的属性;2)公共体育场馆财政政策;3)公共体育场馆的服务内容;4)公益性服务的结构和价值补偿;5）掠夺性经营等。建议政府应加快制定运营方的准入、退出标准;完善公共体育场馆委托受托契约体系;构建公益性服务价值补偿的公共财政目标导向机制;协同运营方统筹公益性与经营性服务;邀请运营方参与场馆设计;建立强有力的监督约束机制。     

城市化进程中的中国体育现状研究

摘要：城市化是国家经济制度、政治体制和社会形态发生变革的重要引擎,在体育领域,城市化进程的结束则标志着体育发展方式的重要转型。有鉴于此,以我国城市化进程中的体育发展现状为研究对象,主要采用文献资料法和比较分析法,结合英、美2国的实例,详细梳理城市化进程结束后,即城市化水平达到50%背景下,城市化对我国体育人口规模、体育空间布局、体育产业结构以及体育管理体制所造成的影响,其研究结果对于厘清现阶段我国体育发展的症结及未来我国体育改革的对策均具有重要的理论意义及实践价值。研究认为：城市化作为一种人类社会发展的普遍规律,始终影响着体育发展的进程与走向;城市化水平与体育发展的现实水平存在着高度的相关性,当城市化水平达到50%的时候,标志着体育将进入到一个全面转型的发展时期;我国已经进入到城市化进程过半的关键时期,城市化对体育发展方式的影响已经全方位体现出来,城市化引致的人口聚集成为了体育人口发展的基础,城市化引发的城市扩张导致了体育空间布局的整合,城市化催生的结构调整搭建了体育产业发展的平台,城市化激发的制度改革完善了管理体制发展的模式。     

VTS模拟器情景对话智能评估系统

为实现VTS值班人员适任能力培训和评估的自动化、智能化,确保评估结果客观、公正和合理,构建VTS模拟器情景对话的智能评估系统。该系统通过建立标准航海通信用语语料库提高在线语音识别系统的精确性。引入基于语法规则的匹配分析模型对由语音识别系统得到的文本字符串进行匹配分析。详细介绍基于加权的实操评估准则制定方法。该系统利用智能技术能实现部分VTS情景对话的自动化评估,减轻评估人员的负担,且能避免人工评估的主观性和不公平性。     

Using the self-determination theory to understand Chinese adolescent leisure-time physical activity

Purposes: This study applies the self-determination theory (SDT) to test the hypothesized relationships among perceived autonomy support from parents, physical education (PE) teachers, and peers, the fulfilment of psychological needs (i.e., autonomy, competence, and relatedness), autonomous motivation, and leisure-time physical activity of Chinese adolescents. Method: There are 255 grade six to eight student participants from four middle schools around Shanghai, China included in this study. An accelerometer was used to measure the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The participants completed the questionnaires regarding SDT variables. The structural equation modelling was applied to examine the hypothesized relationships among the study variables. Results: The model of hypothesized relationships demonstrated a good fit with the data [X²?=?20.84, df?=?9, P?=?.01; CFI?=?0.98; IFI?=?0.98; SRMR?=?0.04; RMSEA?=?0.05]. The findings revealed that autonomy support from parents, PE teachers, and peers foster social conditions in which the three basic psychological needs can be met. In turn, autonomy, competence, and relatedness are positively associated with autonomous motivation for MVPA. The autonomous motivation positively relates to the MVPA time of adolescents. The three psychological needs partially mediate the influence of autonomy support from parents (β?=?0.18, P?<?.01; Bootstrap 95% CI?=?0.06–0.33) and teachers (β?=?0.17, P?<?.01; Bootstrap 95% CI?=?0.03–0.26) in the autonomous motivation. Conclusion: In conclusion, these findings support the applicability of SDT in understanding and promoting physical activity of Chinese adolescents.     

中介式调节作用在肥胖青少年锻炼经历与锻炼行为之间的关系研究

运用结构方程模型对均衡决策和自我效能在锻炼经历和锻炼行为中的作用进行分析,探讨肥胖青少年锻炼行为与锻炼经历、均衡决策、自我效能之间的关系.结果显示:均衡决策、自我效能在锻炼经历和锻炼行为的关系中起中介作用;自我效能对锻炼经历与均衡决策的关系,以及均衡决策与锻炼行为的关系起调节作用;均衡决策的中介效应受到自我效能的调节,并且均衡决策也是自我效能和锻炼行为关系的中介变量.自我效能对锻炼行为起间接中介作用,调节了锻炼经历与均衡决策、均衡决策与锻炼行为之间关系的作用轨迹和特征,促进了锻炼经历对锻炼行为的预测作用,影响了肥胖青少年的锻炼行为.     

Progressivism and the History of the Public House, 1850–1950

ABSTRACT

In a recent article, Alistair Mutch suggests that twin concepts – ‘control’ and ‘interpretation’ – explain the evolution of the public house over a century of dramatic changes between 1850 and 1950. This article argues that these concepts are confusing, ambiguous and misleading. It was not regulatory pressures, the temperance movement, local politicians, pressure groups or magistrates that most shaped the history of drinking premises, but developments outside the brewing industry, most notably Progressivism. Emerging in the late nineteenth century, Progressives set out to reform drinkers and drink premises, first in the trust house movement, and then in the Liquor Traffic Central Control Board during the First World War. Appropriating their ideas and philosophy immediately following the war, England's foremost brewers launched the public house improvement movement, the most far-reaching attempt to transform the nature of public drinking in the twentieth century.     

城市近郊统筹城乡改革的经验、困难与深化——重庆“陶家模式”和“海龙模式”的比较与启示

重庆市统筹城乡发展改革在九龙坡区陶家镇和海龙村的试点较为成功,其共同点在于注重以工促农、社会保障和土地集约,而在改革主导角色、农民身份转变和土地流转方式上各具特色。"陶家模式"和"海龙模式"的实践证明:中小企业是统筹城乡发展的纽带,农民增收是统筹城乡改革顺利推进的关键,土地政策是统筹城乡发展的核心问题,统筹城乡发展需要系统思考与政策创新。目前,两种模式的深化发展,面临土地政策供给不足、社会保障推力不够、城乡规划视野不宽、政策落实不到位、资源要素流通不畅、管理体制不顺等困难。应进一步探索土地集约利用的新机制,加快城乡一体的社会保障体系建设,充分保障农转城人员的利益,推进城乡科学规划,破除农村投资樊篱,并提升各级政府的统筹发展能力。     

我国政府对农村金融的扶持与促进建议

理论和实践表明,要克服农村金融领域的市场失灵,离不开政府的支持。近年来,我国各级政府在建立和完善农村金融风险补偿机制、健全政策性农业保险制度以及实现农业信贷与保险有机对接等方面进行了卓有成效的改革探索。今后,不但要注重农业已存在的不同金融需求,更应大力打造不同类型的金融生态,规范发展地方性农村金融机构,扩大农村金融供给,激活、满足农村金融需求;同时,要发挥财政、信贷资金相互协调的配套作用,并建立完善农村征信体系。