灾时犯罪特征及对策

汶川大地震是近三十年来我国遭受的最严重的自然灾害,对人们的社会生活造成重大冲击。历史经验表明,特大自然灾害往往会增加犯罪发生的可能性。灾时犯罪在时间、空间分布上,在犯罪类型、犯罪方式等方面都有其自身特点。应对灾时犯罪的主要措施包括加强社会控制、内化外部规范,防范群体犯罪的发生。对灾后重建阶段容易出现的性犯罪、财产犯罪和暴力犯罪要坚决进行打击。     

重大气象灾害（台风,暴雨）服务效益评估研究

提出了防减灾效益系数的概念,建立了重大气象灾害气象效益评估的数学模型,从防减灾效益中分离出了其中的气象服务效益,实现了重大气象灾害服务效益的客观定量化评估。     

变化环境下城市暴雨致灾防御对策与建议

2021年7月20日,河南郑州发生特大暴雨,强度和范围突破历史记录,远超城乡防洪排涝能力,导致城市内涝、河流洪水、山洪滑坡等多灾并发,是一次造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失的特别重大自然灾害。放眼全国,谋划未来,建议：深刻认识气候变化和快速城市化对城市洪涝灾害防治的显著影响,提高变化环境下城市洪涝灾害风险意识;将防御洪涝作为确定城市建设空间规划的刚性约束,动态修订相关规划,加快构建城市防御洪涝灾害的工程体系;多措并举,科学提升城市防灾减灾与应急管理水平。     

厄尔尼诺现象和湘西自治州的降水与旱洪灾害

利用1950年以来的旱洪灾害资料和湘西自治州17站1957～1998年的历年降水资料,分析了厄尔尼诺现象与湘西自治州的降水和旱洪灾害之间的关系．结果表明,三者之间有很好的相关．即厄尔尼诺当年一般为平水年,发生旱洪灾害的几率不大;厄尔尼诺年次一年,降水的丰平枯规律不明显,但发生洪灾的几率远远大于旱灾;厄尔尼诺年次二年一般为平水年,发生旱灾的几率远远大于洪灾．     

日本高等学校教育应急探析

在当今高等教育大众化背景下,如何有效地预防、应对突发自然灾害,最大化减少损失,确保师生安全与校园稳定,是世界高校积极探讨的课题。总括日本高校在自然灾害预防上的代表性策略,具体以京都大学为切入点,展现京大在机构设置、合作、信息处理等方面的教育应急举措,对我国高校管理具有一定的启示意义。     

For the Good of the Game? The Legacy of the Football Trust,the Football Pools,and the Dangerous Seduction of Political Promise

During the late twentieth century, the United Kingdom’s football infrastructure and spectatorship underwent transformation as successive stadia disasters heightened political and public scrutiny of the game and prompted industry change. Central to this process was the government’s formation of an independent charitable organization to oversee subsequent policy implementation and grant-aid provision to clubs for safety, crowd, and spectator requirements. This entity, which began in 1975 focusing on ground improvement, developed into the Football Trust. The Trust was funded directly by the football pools companies who ran popular low-stakes football betting enterprises. Working in association with the Pools Promoters Association (PPA), and demonstrating their social responsibility towards the game’s constituents, the pools resourced a wide array of Trust activities. Yet irrespective of government mandate, the PPA and Trust were continually confronted by political and economic obstacles that threatened the effectiveness of their arrangements. In this paper the history of the Football Trust is investigated, along with its partnership with the PPA, and its relationship with the government within the context of broader political shifts, stadia catastrophes, official inquiries, and commercial threats. It is contended that while the Trust/PPA partnership had a respectable legacy, their history afforded little protection against adverse contemporary conditions.     

Community response in disasters: an ecological learning framework

Natural disasters are frequently exacerbated by anthropogenic mechanisms and have social and political consequences for communities. The role of community learning in disasters is seen to be increasingly important. However, the ways in which such learning unfolds in a disaster can differ substantially from case to case. This article uses a comparative case study methodology to examine catastrophes and major disasters from five countries (Japan, New Zealand, the UK, the USA and Germany) to consider how community learning and adaptation occurs. An ecological model of learning is considered, where community learning is of small loop (adaptive, incremental, experimental) type or large loop (paradigm changing) type. Using this model, we consider that there are three types of community learning that occur in disasters (navigation, organization, reframing). The type of community learning that actually develops in a disaster depends upon a range of social factors such as stress and trauma, civic innovation and coercion.     

突发性自然灾害事件电视现场报道探微

频繁发生的突发性自然灾害事件已经成为媒体的主要话题之一.在信息扰攘、真假莫辨的新闻现场,电视报道者怎样从突发性自然灾害事件的新闻现场入手,完成信息的准确传递显得十分重要.所以怎样实现具体信息播报、感情基调调控,以及从伦理道德等方面探讨突发性自然灾害事件是电视报道必须考虑的问题.     

从湖南媒体的抗冰救灾报道看新闻的情感美

综观08年湖南媒体的抗冰救灾报道,受众在情感体验方面感受到的主要有:悲壮的情感美、激昂的情感美、关爱的情感美、忧患的情感美。     

SAN技术在高校校园中的应用模式研究

在高校网络存储现状及需求分析的基础上,针对某高校校园网设计了关于数据存储的SAN存储域网络;阐述了数据的备份、恢复、数据的安全保护、集中式的存储管理,并实际测评了安全防护、扩容以及灾难恢复等功能,应用实践表明该技术的使用为学校的校园网络在数据存储方面给用户带来了前所未有的快速和方便.