"理解"与"认识"之辨——对解释学与认识论研究对象之再审视

以马克思主义视野审视解释学的“理解”范畴和认识论的“认识”范畴,两者存在重大区别,分属于不同学科,具有不同的对象、目的、本质和检验标准。     

创建世界一流大学的机制分析--兼论清华之路

本文从大学的特质、大学发展的历史条件以及大学权力体制三方面勾勒了世界上一流大学生成的机制。并以此为据，讨论了清华大学创建世界一流大学在理念、历史社会背景等方面的有利因素，以及在体制上面临的困难和问题。     

Promoting elementary students’ epistemology of science through computer-supported knowledge-building discourse and epistemic reflection

This study examined the role of computer-supported knowledge-building discourse and epistemic reflection in promoting elementary-school students’ scientific epistemology and science learning. The participants were 39 Grade 5 students who were collectively pursuing ideas and inquiry for knowledge advance using Knowledge Forum (KF) while studying a unit on electricity; they also reflected on the epistemic nature of their discourse. A comparison class of 22 students, taught by the same teacher, studied the same unit using the school’s established scientific investigation method. We hypothesised that engaging students in idea-driven and theory-building discourse, as well as scaffolding them to reflect on the epistemic nature of their discourse, would help them understand their own scientific collaborative discourse as a theory-building process, and therefore understand scientific inquiry as an idea-driven and theory-building process. As hypothesised, we found that students engaged in knowledge-building discourse and reflection outperformed comparison students in scientific epistemology and science learning, and that students’ understanding of collaborative discourse predicted their post-test scientific epistemology and science learning. To further understand the epistemic change process among knowledge-building students, we analysed their KF discourse to understand whether and how their epistemic practice had changed after epistemic reflection. The implications on ways of promoting epistemic change are discussed.     

Constructivism and science education: Some epistemological problems

The paper outlines the significant influence of constructivism in contemporary science and mathematics education and emphasizes the central role that epistemology plays in constructivist theory and practice. It is claimed that constructivism is basically a variant of old-style empiricist epistemology, which had its origins in Aristotle's individualist and sense-based theory of knowledge. There are well-known problems with empiricism from which constructivism appears unable to dissociate itself.     

以有形把握无穷——分形理论对教育研究的思想启示

分形理论提供了一种从可变性与不变性的差别与统一中认识无穷变化的多样性世界的方法。从分形的角度认识教育领域的复杂性，在表面看来极为不同的事物之间，发现其在结构、功能和动力学特征方面的相似性，在更为深刻的层面上阐释了教育系统运作的动力机制。这一探索旨在突破实证论的局限，为教育研究提供新的认识论与方法论思路。     

多维视野中的教学关系

教学存在是教学关系和教学实体的辩证统一体 ,教学关系存在并体现于教学实体的相互作用亦即教学活动之中 ,决定教学存在及其本质的是教学关系而不是教学实体。从本体论、认识论、存在论等不同的维度考察 ,可以发现不同的教学关系类型。对教学论关系的多维度分析 ,勾勒出一幅关于教学存在的立体网络图景。     

智能时代教育研究的认识论变革与方法论转变

文章对教育领域的"三个世界"及其智能虚拟映射进行了认识切割,在此基础上提出了三个新的智能虚拟世界:代表数字化教育事实和存在的世界一’、代表人工智能教育认识的世界二’、代表人工智能教育思想和知识库的世界三’。文章指出,这三个新的智能虚拟世界是教育领域的"三个世界"在人工智能环境下的智能虚拟映射,扩展了传统教育研究的本体论假设,进而导致认识论的全方位变革。此外,文章还从认识主体、研究对象、研究范式、推理思维、知识表征等五个方面的变化,阐明了教育研究的认识论变革所引发的方法论转变。文章的研究有助于理解智能时代教育的过程与本质,并为教育人工智能系统的设计、开发与应用提供理论依据。     

数学本质·认识论·数学观——简评"对数学本质的认识"

数学本质是一个认识论问题，涉及经验知识与理论知识的关系，从其它角度提出质疑是文不对题的。数学本质是数学观的重要表现，它影响或决定着数学研究方法。研究数学本质是数学教育工作者的一个重要课题，不是“没有必要”的；培养学生树立正确的数学观是数学教师的一项重要任务，不是“无关紧要的”。数学发展的动力是实践，而不是归纳法。     

For a learnable mathematics in the digital cultures

I begin with some general remarks concerning the co-evolution of representational forms and mathematical meanings. I then discuss the changed roles of mathematics and novel representations that emerge from the ubiquity of computational models, and briefly consider the implications for learning mathematics. I contend that a central component of knowledge required in modern societies involves the development of a meta-epistemological stance – i.e. developing a sense of mechanism for the models that underpin social and professional discourses. I illustrate this point in relation to recent research in which I am investigating the mathematical epistemology of engineering practice. Finally, I map out one implication for the design of future mathematical learning environments with reference to some data from the `Playground Project. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

反思环境危机的哲学根源

世界观、认识论与价值论不仅是构成哲学的三大主要领域，而且反映了人类思维的发展历程：古希腊人对世界本源的探索反映了人类对认识世界的渴望；近代理性派与经验派的哲学探究是为了找到认识世界的最佳方法；现代人对人自身的研究兴趣反映了人类价值观念的困惑与迷茫。因此，探究环境危机的哲学根源，需要找出人类在世界观、认识论与价值论上存在的问题。人类在世界观、认识论与价值论上存在的问题就是：世界观上的机械论、认识论上的主客二分和价值观上的人类中心主义。