中药中活性物质单克隆抗体的制备及其免疫检测应用

中药活性成分检测是中药质量控制的关键环节,但中药中许多重要活性物质如甾体皂苷、多数三萜皂苷和大多数真菌中的多糖化合物光谱吸收只有弱的末端吸收甚至无特征紫外吸收,分析、检测比较困难.在单克隆抗体技术基础上的小分子化合物的免疫学检测可应用于这些活性成分化合物的快速检测以及研究其在体内的代谢和分布.该方法与传统检测方法相比,省时、便携、易操作,将在中药材标准研究上发挥更大的作用.     

Subjective well-being in cultural advocacy: a politics of research between the market and the academy

This paper responds to a trend of contracting out subjective well-being econometrics to demonstrate social return on investment (SROI) for evidence-based policy-making. We discuss an evolving ecology of ‘external’ research taking place ‘between’ the academy and commercial consultancy. We then contextualise this as waves of research methodologies and consultancy for the cultural sector. The new model of ‘external between’ consultancy research for policy is not only placed between the University and the market, but also facilitates discourse between policy sectors, government, the media and the academy. Specifically, it enables seductive but selective arguments for advocacy that claim authority through academic affiliation, yet are not evaluated for robustness. To critically engage with an emergent form of what Stone calls ‘causal stories’, we replicate a publicly funded externally commissioned SROI model that argues for the value of cultural activities to well-being. We find that the author’s operationalisation of participation and well-being are crucial, yet their representation of the relationship problematic, and their estimates questionable. This case study ‘re-performs’ econometric modelling national-level survey data for the cultural sector to reveal practices that create norms of expertise for policy-making that are not rigorous. We conclude that fluid claims to authority allow experimental econometric models and measures to perform across the cultural economy as if ratified. This new model of advocacy research requires closer academic consideration given the changing research funding structures and recent attention to expertise and the contracting out of public services.     

精英运动员运动损伤的心理预防： 理论模型和研究展望

为有效预防竞技运动损伤,促进业界重视心理因素在预防损伤中的作用,对国外竞技运动损伤心理预防的概念模型和框架进行梳理,发现各类心理因素对发生运动损伤的影响路径被进一步整合和细化,不同水平层次的社会心理学因素开始受到重视,无论是特质理论还是应激—损伤理论、行动理论、状态理论,都强调了压力反应这一重要变量,全面、多方位考察风险文化和行为以及生物心理社会因素互动的理论视角是该主题未来的趋势。未来需要规范运动损伤的定义和测量方法,有必要开展运动员及其有关情况的针对性调查,还应该注重重复测量研究设计以及使用被忽视的结构方程模型检验变量的中介效应。     

Effect of the look-up line on the gaze and head orientation of elite ice hockey players

Abstract

A “look-up line” (LUL) has been proposed for ice hockey, which is an orange 1?m (40′) warning line (WL) painted on the ice at the base of the boards. The LUL purports to provide an early warning to players to keep their head up prior to and as they are being checked. We determined if players looked up more on a rink with the LUL compared to a traditional Control rink. Elite offensive (O) and defensive (D) players competed 1 vs. 1, while wearing an eye tracker that recorded their quiet eye (QE) and fixation and tracking (F-T) and an electrogoniometer that measured head angle. External cameras recorded skate duration during four skate phases: P1 preparation, P2 decision-making, P3 cut to boards, P4 contact. The QE was the final fixation prior to contact between O and D as they skated towards and across the WL during P3 and P4. Skate phase durations (%) did not differ by rink or rink by position. More QE and F-T occurred on the WL on the LUL rink than on the Control. The expected increase in head angle on the LUL rink did not occur during P3 or P4. Post-hoc results also showed O and D skated further from the boards on the LUL rink, suggesting the players preferred to control the puck on white ice, rather than the orange colour of the LUL rink. More research is needed to determine if these results apply to the competitive setting.     

优秀沙排运动员薛晨肩关节脱臼的运动功能康复训练效果分析

摘要：目的：通过对我国优秀沙滩排球运动员薛晨肩关节脱臼术案例进行分析,探索优秀运动员备战奥运会期间从手术后到重返训练场间的身体运动功能康复训练安排。方法：借鉴重返赛场训练的方法手段,从康复医学、体能训练和运动表现等多学科角度设计有针对性的康复训练方法。通过对比训练前后关节活动度、肌肉力量、功能动作筛查结果以及下肢力量爆发力测试结果检验以优秀沙滩排球运动员肩关节脱臼为个案分析重返赛场的可行性训练策略。结果：通过10周身体运动功能训练,运动员下肢爆发力、损伤侧肩关节内外旋活动度、均有所增加。功能动作筛查分数降低。但损伤侧肩关节内旋肌力、腹侧核心耐力有所下降。结论：以优秀沙滩排球运动员肩关节脱臼重返赛场的训练策略为个案分析,探索从运动损伤术后至重返赛场训练过程的周期安排、训练方法的有效性;通过科学整合康复训练、体能训练和专项技术训练不同训练内容,循序渐进的帮助运动员恢复专项技术和运动能力。     

不同古典医学文化中的“运动是良医”思想

摘要：慢性疾病成为新世纪重要的致死风险因素,而身体活动不足成为引发慢性疾病的重要原因。2007年,由ACSM（American College of Sports Medicine）、AMA（American Medical Association）发起“运动是良医”的全球行动至今已有39个国家加入。主要采用文献资料法,梳理古典医学文化时期中“运动是良医”思想的源起。研究发现,早在公元前的古希腊、古代罗马、古代印度以及古代中国古典医学文化时期的医学典籍中就出现了“运动是良医”的思想和实践,Herodicus、Hippocrates、Galen、Susruta、华佗等对这一思想的发展做出了重要的贡献。虽然东西方医学与锻炼的结合具有同源异流、动静相宜等差异,但对于锻炼对疾病的预防和治疗的价值认识是一致的。甚至于早在古典医学文化时期就开始了身体锻炼与肥胖、糖尿病等疾病治疗的实践,并从自然、人体、锻炼、饮食等因素对疾病和健康有了整体的认识。文艺复兴后,由于医学技术的高速发展,“体”“医”开始分道扬镳,今天,体医结合重新受到医学和体育领域的重视,通过文献分析使我们对“运动是良医”这一古老的思想有更加深刻的认识。     

‘A Dangerous Revolutionary Force Amongst Us’

ABSTRACT

Historians of nineteenth-century British tea consumption have highlighted the function of the substance as an index of middle-class civility and marker of national identity. In this article, I maintain that concerns about tea drinking were equally prominent throughout the late Victorian period. As medical practitioners increasingly intervened in food matters, apprehension about the physiological and psychological consequences of increasing access to tea in working-class communities proliferated. This pessimistic discourse can be firmly situated in the context of broader debates about national decline, physical and mental deterioration, the subversion of gender roles in the domestic sphere and Imperial expansion.     

蒙古黄芪中药对提高持续运动大鼠心肌组织抗自由基能力的研究

研究了蒙古黄芪中药对长时间持续运动训练大鼠心肌组织自由基的影响。结果表明 ,运动训练后灌胃蒙古黄芪水煎剂能显著提高大鼠心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶 ,过氧化氢酶的活性(P<0 .0 1) ,并能显著降低丙二醛的含量 (P<0 .0 1)。从而证实了蒙古黄芪中药是一种有效的自由基清除剂 ,可减轻运动后因脂质过氧化而产生的内源性自由基对机体的损伤 ,具有增强抗氧化酶活性和提高大鼠运动能力的作用。     

体育运动对体质调整作用的中医学探讨

中医体质学认为体质是可分,可调的。从理论上讲,体育运动干预可以起到调养体质的作用。传统保健体育受中医理论的指导,对体质的调养具有一定的针对性;现代健身方法可以从生理机能、心理机能及社会适应等多方面改善体质。如果结合不同体质类型的特征,制定针对性的运动处方,对于偏倾体质可能会发挥更有效的调整作用。     

浅析形意拳内容特点与传统文化

形意拳在其发展过程中,在拳理拳法上,逐步形成了丰富的技击内容和深厚的传统文化底蕴。拳法上以形取意、意自形生为主要特点。以徒手搏击和器械攻防格斗为一体,以及内外结合、锻炼人内在的精、气、神、意、劲为宗旨。同时在拳理拳法中蕴藏着"天人合一"及祖国医学中五行学说、阴阳学说等传统文化底蕴。