我国艺术表演团体体制改革探寻

建国初对艺术表演团体体制的改革,奠定了此后二三十年我国艺术表演团体的基本模式。改革开放以来,艺术表演团体经过了初始阶段、推进阶段、深入阶段三个阶段的体制改革,取得了很大的成就。艺术表演团体与政府的关系由依赖型转向相对独立型,艺术表演团体由事业型转向市场经营型,艺术的社会属性与商品属性逐步统一。     

全球化时代人口较少民族语言的濒危问题

随着国际经济全球化和信息化时代的到来,人口较少民族的语言出现了濒危问题。语言的濒危,引起了民族文化的消失,破坏着文化生态的多样性,给人类文明带来了挑战。为保护和发展人口较少民族的语言文字,为保护人类文化的多样性,各国政府和人民以及语言工作者,必须积极行动起来,像保护自然生态一样保护各民族语言和文化生态,造就和谐的、可持续发展的人类社会。出台有效、积极的政策,创造合理的政治、经济和社会环境以保持或扩大语言的使用范围是解决语言濒危问题的有效途径。     

Universities as a meeting point with new academic knowledge,society and culture: cognitive and emotional transitions during higher education

This paper examines how exposure to a different culture, acquired knowledge and everyday practices at Israeli universities affected the identities of the ‘First Women’ students from the Druze minority who broke gender roles and turned to acquire higher education. The short distance between the Druze villages and the university required a longer and far more complex journey than the women imagined when they decided to study. The paper analyses ways in which the university atmosphere imparts values, norms, knowledge and practices that enable individuals to reassess their identities. Thirty‐four interviews with Druze women, who were the first in their community or their respective villages to obtain higher education, were analysed, allowing a study of the different experiences and various paths of change and their intricate effects on framing identity.     

Teachers’ reflections of professional change during a literacy-reform initiative

Policymakers recently have targeted teacher quality, and school systems have increased their attention to instructional reform through professional development. The purpose of this study was to examine teachers’ views about the change process and professional development that supports change. Semi-structured focus-group data were gathered from 41 primary-grades teachers (students ages 5–9) across five schools in a high-poverty urban district that participated in a 2-year literacy-reform initiative. Results indicated that teachers viewed the change process from two stances: as learners and as change agents. Three conditions supported their professional growth: professional development embedded in school and classroom contexts, professional development focused on limited and clearly defined learning goals, and on-demand access to time and resources. Changes that occurred did so in three phases: movement from curriculum-centered to student-centered practices, increased collaboration, and requests for policy changes via teacher autonomy and advocacy for students.     

合作学习法在大学英语课堂活动中的应用

合作学习法不同于传统的英语教学方法 ,它以小组学习和小组合作为特征 ,鼓励学生以小组的形式积极参与各类课堂活动 ,培养学生的合作和竞争意识 ,帮助学生加深对课文的理解 ,激发学生的学习潜能和动机 ,从而整体上提高英语教学的效果     

犯罪未成年人的法律保护分析

未成年人基于特殊的生理心理原因而成为社会弱势群体，犯罪未成年人因其犯罪使得未成型的人格体系最终建立不起来，成为社会弱势群体的弱势。整个社会对犯罪未成年人具有不可推卸的保护责任。我国现行的某些法律虽然对犯罪未成年人的保护有不少规定，然而存在的缺漏很多。树立保护犯罪未成年人的观念，制定系统完善、切实可行的法律是对犯罪未成年人保护的最为妥当最为有效的方式。     

高校内部审计创新刍议

新形势下，高校内部审计应结合实际确立新的工作重点；内审职能应该转变；加强内审人员知识结构和自身素质的改善与提高；逐步实现内审现代化。     

Cross-cultural interpretations of changes in early childhood education in the USA,Russia, and Finland

The purpose of this study was to examine changes that have taken place in centre-based early childhood education (ECE) in the USA, Russia, and Finland between 1991 and 2014. The cross-culturally conducted study aimed to identify and contrast socio-cultural differences and similarities of the perceived changes in the context of the studied societies. The country-wise qualitative data were acquired using focus group discussions targeted at childcare centre directors. The directors interpreted the quantitative results of quality assessments collected as part of the larger research project from each context under review. This process was called the ‘Reflective Emic Analysis’, with an aim to enhance the cultural aspects of the data. The results suggest that the field of ECE has faced significant changes in each society. Country-specific sub-categories from each discussion were merged and four main themes common to all countries were formulated: (1) the changed role of parents as customers, (2) the change in external factors and regulations affecting the services, (3) the change in the pedagogic orientation, and (4) the changed role of the director.     

建立博物馆群体 促进旅游业发展

开封是我国七大古都之一，是驰名中外的历史文化名城．这里有着丰厚的历史文化积淀．充分利用丰富的地上地下文物资源建立博物馆群体，是促进开封旅游业发展最实际、最具可行性的道路。     

一类五次系统的中心焦点判定

给出五次系统x=λx-y+yR_2+xR_4,y=x+λy-xR_2+yR_4,R_2=b_1x~2++b_2xy+B_3y~2,R_4=a_4x~4+a_2x~3y+a_1xy~3+a_0y~4,在O(0,0)的各阶焦点量和O为中心的充要条件.