免费师范生教育的理性思考与新制度设计

师范生免费教育政策的实施具有现实迫切性,且经历了一个历史过程,通过对我国现阶段实施免费师范生教育的情况进行论证发现,从招生制度、培养制度、就业制度以及该制度的推广等四个方面可以得出有利于师范生免费教育的新制度设计的启示。     

免费师范生生物学实验教学能力培养模式研究

文章总结了华中师范大学生命科学学院3年来对免费师范生生物学实验教学能力培养的教学实践经验,提出以"引导→体验(模拟教学实践和参与教学实践)→反思"为主线的"引导—体验"式生物学实验教学能力培养模式,对华中师范大学师范生的生物学实验教学能力进行具有时空观的连贯培养。文章详细阐述了该模式的具体流程和对应的评价体系,以期对实验性学科的师范生实验教学能力培养提供参考。     

¡No lucro! … from protest catch cry to presidential policy: is this the beginning of the end of the Chilean neoliberal model of education?

This paper surveys the delivery of school education in Chile over the last half-century. It focuses on evidence provided by recent academic studies on the impact of neoliberal education policies introduced by the military regime in the 1980s, and continued by successive democratic governments. It offers insights into recent popular critiques of the neoliberal model, as reported in the Chilean press, and reflected by significant popular support for student protest movements demanding the end of for-profit schools, and the revitalisation of the public school system – encapsulated in the protesters’ catch cry of ¡No lucro! It considers possible consequences of the adoption, as policy, of that catch cry, by the recently elected Bachelet government.     

促进人的全面发展的几点思考

江泽民同志在《庆祝中国共产党成立八十周年大会上的讲话》中用相当的篇幅论述了人的全面发展问题,丰富和发展了马克思主义人的全面发展理论,人的全面发展理论是马克思主义理论的重要组成部分。社会主义社会是实现人的全面发展的必经阶段。在社会主义初级阶段为人的全面发展创造条件,是我国建设有中国特色的社会主义的基本任务。     

自由基生物学作用和平衡

自由基自生物氧化过程中产生,它们损害人体健康,与人体衰老过程、癌症、心血管病、糖尿病的发生有关。近几年许多研究还表明自由基与帕森金氏症的发生密切相关。自由基对机体尚有众多益处。它们参与几种重要生物分子的合成,加强机体免疫功能,清除有毒物质。超氧化过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、维生素E、维生素C、尿酸可焠灭自由基,实际上调控自由基在机体内的平衡。     

A scale-based approach to interdisciplinary research and expertise in sports

After more than 20 years since the introduction of ecological and dynamical approaches in sports research, their promising opportunity for interdisciplinary research has not been fulfilled yet. The complexity of the research process and the theoretical and empirical difficulties associated with an integrated ecological-dynamical approach have been the major factors hindering the generalisation of interdisciplinary projects in sports sciences. To facilitate this generalisation, we integrate the major concepts from the ecological and dynamical approaches to study behaviour as a multi-scale process. Our integration gravitates around the distinction between functional (ecological) and execution (organic) scales, and their reciprocal intra- and inter-scale constraints. We propose an (epistemological) scale-based definition of constraints that accounts for the concept of synergies as emergent coordinative structures. To illustrate how we can operationalise the notion of multi-scale synergies we use an interdisciplinary model of locomotor pointing. To conclude, we show the value of this approach for interdisciplinary research in sport sciences, as we discuss two examples of task-specific dimensionality reduction techniques in the context of an ongoing project that aims to unveil the determinants of expertise in basketball free throw shooting. These techniques provide relevant empirical evidence to help bootstrap the challenging modelling efforts required in sport sciences.     

Bulgarian pirates: At the world's end

The present article compares the strategies of the legitimation of piracy developed by Western authors such as Richard Stallman and Larry Lessig with those developed by everyday Bulgarian pirates. It attempts to escape from the usual debate between the entertainment industries and the supporters of free culture, and to open the field for new perspectives. In Bulgaria it is precisely “free” as in “free beer” that matters, since the prices of cultural products tend to be too high for the Bulgarian market. In many cases, there is no possible legal access to the cultural products desired. The digital library “Chitanka” illustrates how piracy as bottom-up initiative compensates for the lack of successful public policies oriented towards visually impaired people and Bulgarian emigrants abroad. Although mobility and de-territorialisation have made piracy possible, it is perceived as a deeply national cause. The article emphasises that a difference should be made between open non-commercial projects as “Chitanka” and commercial torrent trackers, which thrive in the grey economy and abuse the symbolic capital of free culture. Piracy should be analysed at the intersections of global economic shifts and their local repercussions, of transnational culture flows and local culture infrastructure. Only this kind of an approach is likely to help us trace the unstable border between the cases in which digital piracy is a problem of the grey economy, and those in which it offers original non-market solutions to deeper structural problems.     

Ebselen对大强度耐力训练大鼠肝脏细胞凋亡及自由基代谢的影响

目的:探讨ebselen对运动训练大鼠肝细胞凋亡表达、自由基代谢等指标的影响,为其在运动医学领域的应用提供实验依据。方法:30只SD雄性健康大鼠,随机分为3组:安静对照组(A)、运动对照组(B)和运动加药组(C),每组10只。将ebselen溶于5%的DMSO生理盐水溶液中,用量为50mg/kg/d,灌胃给运动加药组,其他两组灌服给同等量的DMSO生理盐水作为对照。建立为期8周的大强度耐力训练模型。常规方法检测大鼠肝脏MDA、TAOC、SOD、GSH-Px等指标,免疫组化法检测凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Bax的表达;TUNEL检测肝细胞凋亡指数;透射电子显微镜观察肝细胞超微结构的改变。实验数据由SPSS11.0统计软件进行处理。结果:与安静组相比,运动组大鼠肝脏内MDA含量显著升高,抗氧化酶SOD、GSH-Px均下降,T-AOC下降,细胞凋亡指数AI显著增高,Bax/Bcl-2比值下降,肝细胞超微结构损伤明显;加入ebselen进行干预后,大鼠抗氧化酶SOD、GSH-Px均有所升高,MDA含量显著下降,总抗氧化能力显著升高,细胞凋亡指数AI下降,Bax/Bcl-2比值上升,肝细胞超微结构损伤被有效抑制。结论:Ebselen对运动训练导致的肝细胞损伤有明显的保护作用,机制可能与ebselen可以抑制运动诱导的肝细胞凋亡、提高大鼠肝脏抗氧化酶表达等有关。     

蒙古黄芪中药对提高持续运动大鼠心肌组织抗自由基能力的研究

研究了蒙古黄芪中药对长时间持续运动训练大鼠心肌组织自由基的影响。结果表明 ,运动训练后灌胃蒙古黄芪水煎剂能显著提高大鼠心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶 ,过氧化氢酶的活性(P<0 .0 1) ,并能显著降低丙二醛的含量 (P<0 .0 1)。从而证实了蒙古黄芪中药是一种有效的自由基清除剂 ,可减轻运动后因脂质过氧化而产生的内源性自由基对机体的损伤 ,具有增强抗氧化酶活性和提高大鼠运动能力的作用。     

理性和意志碰撞的体育动力论

在进一步研究体育的本质问题时发现：理性制约意志驱动体育动力来源发生着碰撞,理性不是唯一的,意志也不是唯一的,彼此之间超越一方达到极至,将产生一种失衡状态,客观地存在着控制与反控制的动力平衡点,这个过程被人类社会秩序完整地掌握和调控。表现在：体育意志试图超越理性的界碑,但总是被限制;理性试图超越意志的体育灵魂,也经受到有力的打击;当理性制约意志的体育动力时,也发生着因果关系的转换。