教学目标的演进与流变——近十年来我国教学目标研究的历程及现实走向探析

笔者通过对我国近十年来教学目标研究的回顾分析,通过对教学目标的概念、功能、模式、内容、结构、实施与评价等方面的梳理,试图寻找对现阶段教学目标改革的启示,并对现阶段基础教育教学目标研究的走向给予展望。     

新建地方高校的目标定位与实施

高校扩招以来的新建地方高校,存在着对自己所处的位置认识不清、定位不准、忽视自身优势、贪大、求全、追高的倾向,影响了学校的健康发展。其目标定位要坚持能级原理,确定自身服务类型;立足现实,面向市场,找准服务切入点;坚持多样性与突出特色相结合三大原则。日标的实施要注重突出教学中心,调动教师积极性,办出特色,提高教学质量。     

Associations between partnership characteristics and perceived success in Dutch sport-for-health partnerships

To reach and include socially vulnerable people through sport, it is important to create partnerships between sports organisations and public health organisations (i.e., sport-for-health partnerships). Working in sport-for-health partnerships is challenging, however, and little is known about how to manage such partnerships. To explore possible predictors of successful sport-for-health partnership, the authors administered a questionnaire among 86 participants in Dutch sport-for-health partnerships. The questionnaire included measures pertaining to three indicators of successful inter-sectoral partnership (i.e., partnership synergy, partnership sustainability, and community outcomes) and nine partnership elements that may predict its success. Multivariate results suggest that (a) partnership synergy may be best predicted by communication structure and building on the partnership participants’ capacities, (b) community partnership outcomes may be best predicted by partnership visibility and task management, and (c) partnership sustainability may be best predicted by partnership visibility. Hence, the authors would recommend actors in sport-for-health partnerships to pay particular attention to communication structure, building on capacities, visibility, and task management.     

The role of task and ego-oriented climate in explaining students’ bright and dark motivational experiences in Physical Education

Background: A distinction is made in Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) between task-oriented (i.e. effort, intra-individual progress, and self-comparison) and ego-oriented (i.e. inter-individual progress and normative comparison) climates. Combining insights from AGT and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), studies in the PE context have shown that a task-oriented climate positively relates to need satisfaction, although the findings regarding the motivating role of an ego-oriented climate are inconsistent. Moreover, little is known about the role of task- or ego-oriented climates in explaining experiences of basic psychological need frustration.

Purpose: Grounded in AGT and SDT, the aim of the present study was to examine if experiences of basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration can explain why task- and ego-oriented climates elicit positive and negative motivational outcomes in PE, respectively.

Research design: Cross-sectional study.

Method: A sample of 524 secondary school students (51.1% boys, M_age?=?14.51; SD?=?1.81) from five different secondary schools participated in this study. Students reported on their perceptions of task- and ego-oriented climates, motivational regulations, basic psychological need satisfaction, and need frustration, as well as positive and negative outcomes in PE. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate our objective.

Results: We found that a task-oriented climate had a strong and positive relationship with basic psychological need satisfaction, eliciting a bright pathway to autonomous motivation and affective attitude. An ego-oriented climate was positively related to basic psychological need frustration, eliciting a dark pathway to amotivation and boredom. A negative cross-path from task-oriented climate to basic psychological need frustration was also found, while no significant cross-paths were found from ego-oriented climate to basic psychological need satisfaction.

Conclusions: This study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms that explain why task- and ego-oriented climates shape students’ motivational experiences in PE lessons. It is suggested that a task-oriented climate elicits a bright pathway towards more optimal functioning, because it fosters experiences of need satisfaction and buffers against experiences of need frustration. In contrast, an ego-oriented climate is primarily positively related to feelings of need frustration and negative motivational outcomes. Practical implications for PE teacher training are discussed.     

计算机专业毕业生就业需求的调查报告

对芜湖、合肥、黄山等地开展了"关于计算机人力资源需求"的社会调查,其目的为我学院计算机专业的课程设置以及计算机专业毕业生的就业方向提供参考性意见.     

冈底斯中段尼木斑岩铜矿田的K-Ar、^40 Ar/^39 Ar年龄：对岩浆-热液系统演化和成矿构造背景的制约

青藏高原冈底斯斑岩成矿带不同于经典的产于岛弧和大陆边缘的斑岩铜矿,而形成于后碰撞挤压向伸展转变期,显示了极好的成矿前景.本文对冈底斯中段尼木矿田白容、厅宫和冲江斑岩铜矿区斑岩体进行了系统研究,确定出斑岩体演化和侵入序列为：似斑状二长花岗岩→成矿二长花岗斑岩→石英闪长玢岩→花岗闪长斑岩.K-Ar和^40 Ar/^39 Ar年代学研究获得白容矿区似斑状二长花岗岩中角闪石的K-Ar年龄为16.9±2.4Ma;石英闪长玢岩中黑云母的K-Ar年龄为12.3±0.2Ma、^40 Ar/^39 Ar坪年龄为12.5±0.2Ma;花岗闪长斑岩中黑云母的K-Ar年龄为11.5±0.2Ma、^40 Ar/^39 Ar坪年龄为12.4±0.2Ma;厅宫矿区石英闪长玢岩中黑云母的K-Ar年龄为13.8±0.2Ma、^40 Ar/^39 Ar坪年龄为14.9±0.2Ma;花岗闪长斑岩中黑云母的K-Ar年龄为13.5±0.3Ma、^40 Ar/^39 Ar坪年龄为14.2±0.2Ma,这些年龄表明：石英闪长玢岩晚于似斑状二长花岗岩,略早于花岗闪长斑岩.成矿与二长花岗斑岩有关,其侵位时间晚于似斑状二长花岗岩,早于石英闪长玢岩和花岗闪长斑岩.尼木癍岩铜矿田这种复式杂岩体较充分的分异演化有利于含矿热液的集中与逐渐富集成矿.白容斑岩铜矿蚀变矿化二长花岗斑岩的蚀变绢云母的K-Ar年龄为11.8±0.2Ma,^40 Ar/^39 Ar坪年龄为12.0±0.1Ma,代表了中低温蚀变和矿化末期的年龄.白容矿区绢云母化带的蚀变年龄与石英闪长玢岩和花岗闪长斑岩的黑云母^40 Ar/^39 Ar年龄基本一致,与厅宫矿区辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及石英闪长玢岩和花岗闪长斑岩的黑云母^40 Ar/^39 Ar年龄同样基本一致,暗示两个矿区石英闪长玢岩和花岗闪长斑岩的岩浆结晶冷却与成矿二长花岗斑岩后期热液成矿时间上有重叠.结合前人年龄数据大致确定出白容矿区岩浆-热液活动时限为0.5～5Ma,厅宫为4Ma,冲江为4.5Ma.尼木矿田成矿斑岩^40 Ar/^39 Ar年龄晚于冈底斯碰撞后第一次快速隆升时间≈21Ma,15Ma冈底斯中段NS向正断层开始活动,表明含矿斑岩体可能侵位于地壳加厚、冈底斯山大规模隆升到一定程度后出现弱伸展环境的构造背景下,即斑岩铜矿形成于从南北向挤压隆升到东西向伸展初始发育的过渡构造背景.     

独立学院人才培养目标探析

独立学院是中国高等教育大众化的产物,高等教育制度的创新。独立学院能否科学、准确地定位,关系到独立学院发展的成败。从分析独立学院的基本特征作为切入点,论述独立学院的人才培养目标及为实现人才培养目标应重点做好几方面工作。     

欧洲足球:引领世界足坛的潮流——第11、12届欧洲杯足球赛分析与探讨

运用观察统计、资料分析等方法,对第11、12届欧洲杯足球赛比赛情况进行分析与探讨,发现导致进球的主要区域、主要手段以及进球时段,探讨如何进行针对性防守,为比赛与训练提供借鉴与参考.     

论体育治理体系的价值目标

摘要：体育治理体系的价值目标是以时代发展潮流和人类文明进步为方向,以社会主义核心价值体系和核心价值观为基准,以我国体育改革实践为动力,以国外先进体育治理的理论与实践为借鉴,立足体育治理体系现代性、人民性、公共性的要求,根据国家体育目标、社会体育需求、公民体育权益,通过多元治理主体协同合作,在法制支撑的稳定规范平台上,依靠科学治理的方法、手段,高效率的完成功利性的体育实践项目的方向和标的。     

2008年欧洲杯足球赛决赛阶段各队进攻进球特征研究

通过对2008年欧洲杯足球赛决赛阶段31场比赛的73个进球特征统计发现:下半场进球数高于上半场,全场比赛结束前15min是全场比赛进球最高峰;进球方式是以脚射为主,其中,抢点直接脚射进球率最高;由前场发动组织进攻进球率最高;进球射门主要区域集中在罚球区;球门下部是进球入门的主要区域,尤其从球门右下角区域进球率最高;各位置进球数最多的仍是前锋运动员;边路进攻进球数位居各进攻形式之首;进球前经过2次传球配合后射门进球数最多,随运动员之间传球配合次数增多破门得分机率减小。