Diverse socio-technical aspects of a digital archive of Aboriginal languages

ABSTRACT

A socio-technical approach is taken to explore a digital archive of Australian Indigenous cultural heritage. The Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages is considered in terms of what it is currently doing and what it was intended to do. Two ethnographic stories focusing on user interactions and the outcomes of an online survey serve to evaluate the effectiveness of the Archive from the perspective of different users. This is then juxtaposed with a consideration of the original grant application, outlining what was envisaged for the project. This analysis serves to highlight some of the contingent relations and diverse socio-technical aspects of a specific knowledge infrastructure, as it allows multiple forms of interaction, new connections and generative activities as people discover, access and interact with the content now and into the future.     

Social relations as predictors of achievement in math in Kenyan primary schools

In sub-Saharan Africa, where there is limited financial and human capital, it is important to examine how social relationships may serve to promote or undermine human capital formation. However, little is known about the contributions of social relations to human capital development, especially in terms of academic achievement in Africa. This study examined how variations in key aspects of social relations among teachers; between teachers and students; between principals, teachers, parents and students affect achievement in mathematics among sixth graders in 70 schools in six districts in Kenya. We modeled mathematics achievement as a function of measures of social perception and support while adjusting for school-, classroom- and student level background characteristics. We found that net of teacher subject knowledge and background characteristics, teachers who display commitment to teaching by always correcting homework and keeping students engaged during math lessons had their students performing better. Teacher absenteeism and lack of interest in teaching were negatively associated with performance in math. Lack of parental involvement in the classroom also had negative effects on grades. At the school level, the level of engagement of the principal, measured by supervision of teachers and good interpersonal interactions with parents had positive effects on math achievement. Schools where parents provided material and financial support had better grades, while student delinquency and absenteeism negatively affected grades.     

Computer,craft, complexity,change: explorations into science teacher knowledge

In this article we review the notion of teacher knowledge from four metaphorical standpoints – teacher knowledge as computer, as craft, as complexity and as change. We employ each of these metaphors to examine and analyse the work of one teacher of science. We draw implications from our analysis for teacher education, teacher development and the study of teaching.     

How can pre-service primary teachers' perspectives contribute to a pedagogy that problematises the ‘practical’ in teacher education?

This study examined pre-service primary teachers' perspectives on teaching and learning experiences within college-based courses in ‘practical’ subject areas within a teacher education programme. Following three individual lectures (one each in art, music and physical education), pre-service teachers (n=11) participated in focus group interviews sharing their perspectives on the teaching and learning experiences. These data were analysed thematically and supported by teacher educators' (n=3) planning and reflection documentation. Although the problematic nature of the ‘practical’ suggests appeal and peril of the ‘practical’, the important nature of negotiating the ‘practical’ to enhance student learning is apparent. Students emphasised the value of practical engagement and expressed a strong preference for working in groups to create a safe learning environment to develop confidence and competence. These insights suggest key aspects of a pedagogy of teacher education in these ‘practical’ areas. The importance of being aware of and, in some cases, challenging student perspectives on how they learn best in these curricular areas is discussed.     

外语教师实践性知识研究综述

随着教师实践性知识的相关研究的不断深入,外语教师实践性知识也开始引起研究者的关注。本文简要梳理了国内外关于外语教师实践性知识的相关研究,为今后的研究提供参考。     

发电企业防范知识型员工流失的管理策略

随着国内电力市场化改革的逐步深入,知识型员工作为掌握专业技术知识的人才,日益成为企业间争夺的对象.本文探讨了知识型员工的特点,并由此入手分析了知识型员工流失的原因,提出了一套变管理为服务的制度以及防范该类员工流失可能对企业造成损失的措施.     

知识经济对会计的挑战

从会计计量模式、会计程序和方法、财务报告三方面来探讨知识经济对会计的挑战 ,目的是正视新时代的到来 ,接受挑战 ,开拓进取 ,把会计学科推向前进     

论中央苏区时期的毛泽东与邓小平

毛泽东与邓小平是中国革命和建设的重要领导人,两人的长期合作基础奠定于中央苏区时期。本文主要论述在中央苏区时期,毛泽东与邓小平以务实的精神,在中国革命的认识和实践上对中国革命的诸多问题达到了认同,也建立了真诚的同志关系。这种关系的确立,对以后中国革命道路的形成影响巨大,也为中国共产党的建设和发展树立了典范。     

设立“教师教育”专业初探

设立教师教育专业,是指由师范院校和综合大学共同参与开办“教师教育 学科方向”专业,改变原来的学科专业(教师教育方向)为教师教育(学科方向)；不论从理论上讲,还是从教育的实践看,开办教师教育专业具备了必要和充分条件。教师教育专业化是必然趋势,教师教育必须提高教师专业水平,这就需要改变教师专业的重点,增强毕业生从事教学的独特优势,这是教师教育专业的一个基本定位。教师教育的性质决定了教师教育课程的结构和内容,我国教师教育课程改革需要考虑教师教育专业双专业性质,把基础文化知识课程、学科专业课程、教育学科专业课程、教育技能课程和教育实践课程有机地结合起来,根据不同层次的培养目标确定各类课程的基本结构,为我国基础教育培养出高质量的合格教师。     

基于粗糙集理论的知识发现

粗糙集理论是一种新型的处理模糊和不确定知识的数学工具。目前已在人工智能、知识与数据发现、模式识别与分类等方面得到了广泛应用。介绍Rough Set理论的基本思想及分析了粗糙集方法的特点,描述一种基于粗糙集理论的知识发现步骤,并以实例作出说明。