Instructional practices in secondary science: How teachers achieve local and standards-based success

This article reports on analyses of the instructional practices of six middle- and high-school science teachers in the United States who participated in a research-practice partnership that aims to support reform science education goals at scale. All six teachers were well qualified, experienced, and locally successful—respected by students, parents, colleagues, and administrators—but they differed in their success in supporting students' three-dimensional learning. Our goal is to understand how the teachers' instructional practices contributed to their similarities in achieving local success and to differences in enabling students' learning, and to consider the implications of these findings for research-practice partnerships. Data sources included classroom videos supplemented by interviews with teachers and focus students and examples of student work. We also compared students' learning gains by teacher using pre–post assessments that elicited three-dimensional performances. Analyses of classroom videos showed how all six teachers achieved local success—they led effectively managed classrooms, covered the curriculum by teaching almost all unit activities, and assessed students' work in fair and efficient ways. There were important differences, however, in how teachers engaged students in science practices. Teachers in classrooms where students achieved lower learning gains followed a pattern of practice we describe as activity-based teaching, in which students completed investigations and hands-on activities with few opportunities for sensemaking discussions or three-dimensional science performances. Teachers whose students achieved higher learning gains combined the social stability characteristic of local classroom success with more demanding instructional practices associated with scientific sensemaking and cognitive apprenticeship. We conclude with a discussion of implications for research-practice partnerships, highlighting how partnerships need to support all teachers in achieving both local and standards-based success.     

巴润矿业公司选矿厂生产实践

随着我国各项建设的需要,钢铁的产量也迅速攀升。在这个快速发展的浪潮中,包钢集团公司为了加强自有矿山资源的利用,增加原料的自有率,减轻进口矿价格上升的压力,于2004年成立巴润矿业公司,2008年开始建设巴润矿业公司选矿厂,2009年11月开始试车,2010年7月达到设计产能。本文介绍了巴润矿业公司选矿厂生产中的实际生产情况以及生产中遇到的问题。     

李贺、李商隐“登仙”诗歌中的通感表现手法析论

从诗歌理论角度而言,通感是一种诗歌表现手法。唐代李贺与李商隐的"登仙"类诗歌,运用通感手法为"登仙"主题服务,可以引用通感理论来分析其具体艺术特色。另外,二李最大的不同在于是否愿意融入宗教核心。李贺宁可以艺术通感技法来"创造"一个生动活脱的仙境,也不愿深入宗教核心,这是他与义山最大的不同。而"登仙"对李贺而言是一种摹幻及创造性的审美活动,对义山而则为力图实践的宗教活动。     

韩玲最佳竞技和竞技保持阶段训练回顾

通过对广西优秀短跑运动员韩玲在最佳竞技和竞技保持阶段的比赛成绩表现从个案的视角分析,探讨优秀女子短跑运动员的最好成绩、最佳成绩、最佳成绩的保持的时间特征;全运周期背景下的竞技能力特征;心理潜能的来源及更迭特征。     

Parenting styles and bullying. The mediating role of parental psychological aggression and physical punishment

Studies concerning parenting styles and disciplinary practices have shown a relationship between both factors and bullying involvement in adolescence. The scarce available evidence suggests that abusive disciplinary practices increase teenagers’ vulnerability to abuse in school or the likelihood of them becoming abusers of their peers in the same context. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the indirect effect of parenting styles in adolescents’ bullying involvement through disciplinary practices, although a relationship between parenting styles and disciplinary practices has been shown. The aim of this research was to determine the mediating role of punitive parental discipline (physical punishment and psychological aggression) between the dimensions of parents’ parenting styles and their children's involvement in bullying victimization and aggression. We used a sample comprising 2060 Spanish high school students (47.9% girls; mean age = 14.34). Structural equation modeling was performed to analyze the data. The results confirmed the mediating role of parental discipline between the parenting practices analyzed and students’ aggression and victimization. Significant gender-related differences were found for aggression involvement, where boys were for the most part linked to psychological aggression disciplinary practices and girls to physical punishment. Victimization directly correlated with parental psychological aggression discipline behavior across both sexes. In conclusion, the results seem to suggest that non-democratic parenting styles favor the use of punitive discipline, which increases the risk of adolescents’ bullying involvement. Therefore, intervention programs must involve parents to make them aware about the important role they play in this process and to improve their parenting styles.     

论棋手在大赛中的最佳心态

对棋类选手在重大比赛中表现出的三种最佳心态 ,即“平常心”,“镇静”,“痴迷”进行了分析和论述 .     

Implementing the Generalist Model in Practice

Abstract

Through a study of field tasks performed by MSW foundation students, the authors show an empirical relationship to the Gener-alist model of practice. Secondarily, the paper explores whether practice under managed care should be used to inform curriculum or whether standards embedded in curriculum should be used to influence current practice. Implications for student learning in field and classroom are discussed.     

对武术套路运动员腿部力量最佳训练手段的探索

运用问卷调查、观察和实验、模糊数学理论和模糊相关分析等研究方法,初步探讨武术套路运动员腿部力量最佳训练手段,为腿部力量训练提出理论依据和定量数据。     

乾隆晚年台湾海口陋规案探析

乾隆五十二年,在审办台湾总兵柴大纪贻误军机、贪纵营私一案过程中,引发台湾海口陋规案。此案揭示出清中期台湾海口文武衙门朋分陋规银两的内幕。和同一时代其他情节相近的陋规案比较,乾隆帝处置海口陋规案异常严苛,有错综复杂的政治背景。