The impact of standards-based assessment on knowledge for history education in New Zealand

This paper examines how a standards-based form of assessment in operation in New Zealand has impacted upon the knowledge taught to secondary history students. The segmentation of history into assessable components along with assessment mechanisms which encourage the reduction in the number of standards being attempted has impacted upon both the breadth and range of historical content in history programmes. The reduction in knowledge is problematic as it diminishes learners’ opportunities to draw connections between inter-related historical concepts from a wider knowledge base. Social realists have raised concerns about the reduced focus on knowledge in education and its effects in restricting students’ development of conceptual knowledge which enables higher order, more abstract thinking. Experiences of standards-based assessment for history in New Zealand are indicative of this reductive phenomenon. In a culture of accountability, standards-based assessment, as enacted in New Zealand, may impede delivery of critical knowledge.     

Can research on science learning and instruction inform standards for science education?

We contrast the current science education reform effort with the reforms of the 1960s and suggest how the current effort could be enhanced. We identify insights from recent research that we believe can inform the reform process, in particular, to reach all science students and also impart a cohesive view of science. We propose an alternative models view of scientific explanation and show how this view would contribute to reforms of (1) course goals, (2) social aspects of science learning, (3) instructional practices, and (4) roles for technology.This paper summarizes discussions and debates that the authors have had over the last few years. The dialogue stems, in part, from our joint participation in the American Educational Research Association Special Interest Group on Education in Science and Technology (AERA SIG:EST) leadership. This paper communicates the spirit of our thinking and does not necessarily reflect the view of SIG:EST, or any other organization.We gratefully acknowledge the support of National Science Foundation Grant MDR-9253462 in work related to this paper. We appreciate helpful comments from Eileen Lewis and the Computer as Learning Partner group.This material is based upon research supported by the National Science Foundation under grant RED-9155744. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.     

高职应用电子技术专业人才培养规格和课程体系改革的研究与实践

随着知识经济和经济全球化时代的来临，通信技术和信息高速公路得到了快速发展，带来了产业结构的调整和电子行业工作岗位的变化，电子技术应用型人才需求由操作型、技能型向智能型、技术型转化，向高层次、复合型、综合性、多样性发展。金华职业技术学院对现有的高职应用电子技术专业人才培养规格和课程体系进行了一系列改革与实践，探索了适应社会经济发展和科学技术进步需要的高等技术应用性专门人才的培养模式。     

当代中国家庭秩序论纲

家庭秩序是基于现代明基础之上的良性的家庭人际关系，是家庭赖以存在并健康发展的规范体系。家庭秩序包括两性婚姻关系。家庭角色关系、家庭成员的权利和义务，家庭经济关系，家庭生活方式、家庭教育、家庭化、家庭道德等内容，建立当代新型的家庭秩序，需要家庭自身的营造、社会家庭之间的示范及互动作用，社会规范体系的运作。家庭秩序与社会秩序有相当的联系，家庭的建立、存在、发展状况，关系着社会的稳定和健康发展。     

体育新课程标准与体育教师的角色转变

《体育与健康课程标准》的颁布实施，为体育教学改革提供了一个崭新的平台。体育教师在体育教学过程中要更新观念，树立“健康第一”的思想，优化知识结构，成为促进学生全面发展的教育者、健康课堂的开发者和设计者，使课堂教学人性化和学生化，从而帮助学生建立身体健康、心理健康和社会适应的三维健康观，树立终身体育意识。     

新旧固定资产准则的对比分析

固定资产是企业非流动资产的一项重要内容。新近发布的《企业会计准则第4号——固定资产》，在很大程度上体现了与国际财务报告准则（IFRS）的趋同。与我国过去的会计准则相比，新准则在制定理念和内容表述上发生了若干变化，同时会计处理及其带来的效果也相应地存在较大差异。     

新课标下高师《数学教育概论》教学方法探究

初步探讨了高师《数学教育概论》教学方法改革的理论依据,分析了《数学教育概论》进行改革的必要性,提出了精讲、精读、多议、多思、多练的教学方法。     

中美高中技术教育标准比较研究

进入新世纪,中美两国都意识到了技术教育的重要性,美国出台了《美国国家技术教育标准》,该标准规定了K-12年级所有学生应掌握的技术内容标准;中国在新一轮的高中课程改革中也前所未有地增设了技术课程,颁布了《普通高中技术课程标准》。从课程性质、课程理念、课程设置等几个方面进行比较,对中国的高中技术课程的改革和实施起到借鉴的作用。     

小学科学课程:国际趋势与政策建议——基于10国课程标准的比较

我国小学科学课程标准实验稿颁布十余年来,纷争一直不断.研读国外小学科学课程标准文本,总结国外小学科学课程改革经验与发展趋势,有助于为我国标准的修订与完善提供借镜.综观国际经验,有关我国小学科学课程标准完善的建议主要为:完善课程目标维度,增加具体化的纵向目标;优化课程内容领域,合理设置课程模块;优化课程内容选择与组织,认真对待科学知识;优化课程内容呈现,指导教材编制;细化课程实施建议,为教师提供切实帮助;改进课程评价,制订具体可行的评价标准.     

马克思的社会有机体论与社会发展标准

马克思的社会有机体理论认为社会是由人的实践所引起的各种因素相互制约有机联系的整体。它揭示出人是社会的主体,社会发展的标准就是使社会有机体良性运行,马克思的社会有机体理论深化了唯物史观关于社会发展标准理论,并为落实科学发展观奠定了理论基础。