开源OPAC 2.0-VuFind应用研究

针对图书馆在对现有OPAC系统进行升级换代时所遇到的困难,通过对具有2.0特征的开源OPAC软件VuFind的介绍及基于CNMARC数据的应用实践,提出一种利用开源OPAC软件VuFind实现对图书馆现有OPAC系统升级换代的解决方案。     

新闻形态论

新闻形态是指新闻的存在方式与状态。新闻的存在 ,无论是从新闻传播现象的历史过程看 ,还是从一次新闻传播的历时过程看 ,都有形态的演变。新闻形态论的提出 ,对从学术上厘清“新闻”概念的具体含义 ,实践上把握新闻传播的内在运作机制 ,都具有重要的启发意义     

开放源代码的数字资源管理系统DSpace和Fedora的分析和比较

对两种流行的开放源代码的数字资源管理系统DSpace和Fedora进行了研究，对其体系结构和主要功能特点作了较为系统的分析和比较，为关注这方面研究的同行提供一些借鉴和参考。     

FOXPRO源程序在线自动生成的分析与设计

本文分析了FOXPRO源程序的在线自动生成的设计思想和设计方案,并根据几个实例介绍了实现的全过程     

Nurturing Authority

When considering the role of local journalism in a networked media environment, it is crucial to examine how audiences attribute news with the power to define social knowledge. In particular, television news programs need to appeal to audiences by reinforcing a sense of local journalistic authority to assert the parameters of who and what is worthy of coverage. This article presents the findings from interviews with a range of commercial television news viewers in Sydney, Australia. It positions viewership in the context of people’s wider engagement with news, and in relation to their interpersonal and digital social interactions. The paper argues that local audiences have conflicting attitudes to the role of television news, both contesting and re-inscribing the programs with the power to demarcate social, political, and cultural knowledge. It traces how local audiences challenge the ability of news to convey boundaries within the community through processes of exclusion, connecting the contestations to the lived experiences of the individuals. It identifies that television news programs nurture journalistic authority in terms of their local relevance, and it contributes insights on the significance of local news by engaging with the means by which audiences themselves attach social power to journalism.     

A Follower-Centric Approach to Leadership in the Newsroom

This article analyses leadership in the newsroom of the Spanish newspaper El País as well as its impact on the craft of journalism more generally. Through 23 in-depth interviews, we try to elucidate how the newsroom constructs its leaders (in the newsroom, what does it mean to be a leader?), paying particular attention to the main skills considered to be necessary. According to our newsroom findings, not all heads of section or editors-in-chief are leaders, a fact that questions formal authority relations and proclaims expertise and know-how as discriminatory skills. This study emphasizes that the collective recognition of a leader is not an ultimate disposition, but can vary over time: consequently leaders who do not achieve the professional requirements of the newsroom can be denied the status, despite their expertise and experience. Our findings indicate that leaders at El País are those journalists (no matter what their positions) with strong capacities and skills (fundamentally experience, expertise and creativity) to manage form (relationships) and substance (contents) in the daily work of the newsroom. In short, journalists seen as leaders combine reiterated and strong qualities and merit, graphically reflected in the texts they have published for years in the newspaper.     

Citizen-Centered Journalism and Contested Boundaries

This article explores the existence of a “citizen-centered journalism” that sees citizens as crucial participants in the construction of news and as co-creators of their own worlds. Through qualitative case studies of three news organizations, the article examines the motivation for using a citizen-centered approach, the news routines that are required to do so, the categories of content produced, and the perceived impact of this approach. The results suggest these news organizations are working in partnership with communities and striving to give a voice to historically marginalized communities. The journalists, however, see citizen participation as complementary to professional journalistic routines that favor verifiable information, rather than assigning inherent value to it for its own sake.     

Placing Facebook

Facebook is challenging professional journalism. These challenges were evident in three incidents from 2016: the allegation that Facebook privileged progressive-leaning news on its trending feature; Facebook’s removal of the Pulitzer Prize-winning “Napalm Girl” photo from the pages of prominent users; and the proliferation of “fake news” during the US presidential election. Using theoretical concepts from the field of boundary work, this paper examines how The Guardian, The New York Times, Columbia Journalism Review and Poynter editorialized Facebook’s role in these three incidents to discursively construct the boundary between the value of professional journalism to democracy and Facebook’s ascendant role in facilitating essential democratic functions. Findings reveal that these publications attempted to define Facebook as a news organization (i.e., include it within the boundaries of journalism) so that they could then criticize the company for not following duties traditionally incumbent upon news organizations (i.e., place it outside the boundaries of journalism). This paper advances scholarship that focuses on both inward and outward conceptions of boundary work, further explores the complex challenge of defining who a journalist is in the face of rapidly changing technological norms, and advances scholarship in the field of media ethics that positions ethical analysis at the institutional level.     

电视新闻深度报道的故事性情节在舆论监督与导向功能中的作用——《新闻调查》节目叙事手法分析

《新闻调查》是国内最有影响力和最具代表性的电视新闻调查性报道专题节目。《新闻调查》通过多角度多方位地开掘故事性因素,运用各种叙事手法,吸引观众的注意,达到了良好的舆论导向和舆论监督作用,取得了良好的传播效果。