Using item response theory to describe the Nonverbal Literacy Assessment (NVLA)

The Nonverbal Literacy Assessment (NVLA) is a literacy assessment designed for students with significant intellectual disabilities. The 218‐item test was initially examined using confirmatory factor analysis. This method showed that the test worked as expected, but the items loaded onto a single factor. This article uses item response theory to investigate the NVLA using Rasch models. First, we reduced the number of items using a unidimensional model, which resulted in high levels of test reliability despite decreasing the number of questions, providing the same information about student abilities in less time. Second, the multidimensional analysis indicated that it is possible to view the NVLA as a test with four dimensions, resulting in more detailed information about student abilities. Finally, we combined these approaches to obtain both specificity and brevity, with a four‐dimensional model using 133 items from the original NVLA.     

论初次见面时中日非语言交际之差异

在初次见面时,非语言行为对于第一印象的形成有很大的影响。本文通过搜集中日电视剧初次见面时的非语言表现,从身体动作、视线、身体接触三方面对数据进行分析,探究中日两国年轻人在初次见面时非语言行为的异同及原因。     

商务谈判的语言和非语言技巧

随着经济全球化的发展,国际贸易也越来越发达。国际贸易中跨国的商务谈判在所难免。商务谈判的内容涉及到谈判双方的利益,谈判的结果对双方或各方的业务发展可能产生较大的影响,因此,在谈判中应尽可能把握好商务谈判的语言和非语言技巧,顺利达到谈判的目的。     

非言语交际文化对跨国商务交际的影响

商务交际文化影响着跨国商务交际的成功与否,其中,非言语交际扮演着一个重要的角色。非言语交际文化在不同的文化、不同的种族、不同的地域等方面存在差异。只有认识到非言语交际对商务交际的重要性、作用与影响,并对不同文化中的非言语信息所代表的意思有所了解,才能消除非言语信息在商务交际中所造成的障碍。     

Mixed Methods Research – Nonverbal Observations of Cultural Convergence in Online and Offline Contexts: Testing Hall’s Low- Vs. High-Context Framework

ABSTRACT

Extending the existing low- and high-context culture theoretical framework, the current research examined the extent to which globalization has shaped low- and high-context cultures in relation to nonverbal communication. The current study employed an exploratory sequential design mixed research method. The first phase of the study observed cultural convergence evident in people’s nonverbal communication in real life and reported the observations qualitatively. In the second phase of the study, a quantitative content analysis was carried out. The content analysis, namely sentiment analysis, examined the occurrences of people of diverse nationalities expressing their emotions when they provide reviews of airlines on a travel website and empirically test the relevance of low- and high-context theoretical framework in the era of globalization. A total of 85,228 reviews of 592 airlines available on a travel website were downloaded using a web crawler. The qualified records used for analysis included records from the following regions: Africa, Asia, Australia, Latin America, Northwestern Europe, Southern Europe, and United States. An analysis of variance on the number of words people used in writing travel reviews online yielded significant variations among the seven regions. This data also sheds light on cultural convergence.     

大学生应酬文化流行之殇

现今,大学同学之间的频繁社交应酬,已经成为学生校园生活的一大困扰。大学生已经是成年人,他们之间通过聚会聚餐,进行交流沟通也在情理之中。大学已经走出“象牙塔”,适应社会无可厚非,大学生除了学习,也需要情感交流,同学之间偶尔的小应酬是有利无害的。但是,任社交应酬滥觞于校园,则有悖于校园的学习生活,也有违学生以学为主的天职。同时,大学不仅失去抵御腐朽文化之责,也将失去引领社会文明进步之责。     

非语言交际与外语教学

语言是人类最重要的交际工具。学习语言的目的是为了有效地进行交际，不仅需要掌握语言知识，而且需要了解非语言知识。不少人只注意语言交际，以为词语是传递信息的唯一途径，而忽略了非语言行为的信息传递，甚至还不知道何为“非语言交际”，以致在交际中常发生误会，导致交际失败。产生这种情况的原因很多，其中一个很重要的原因就是在外语教学中非语言交际还没有引起足够的重视。     

教师非言语行为与学习者的情感因素——外语课堂教学有感

本文通过教师非言语行为和学习者情感因素的表现形式及其各自的作用,分析了彼此之间可能的关系、以及在外语课堂教学中教师的非言语行为对学习者的情感因素可能造成的影响,提出正确地利用非言语行为将有益于增强学习者的学习效果。     

试论网络非语言交际

网络交际中,非语言交际符号与语言交际符号是两个并行的系统,网络非语言交际发挥着表明态度、强化感情、补充说明等作用。语言交际符号系统当然是主要的,但在非语言交际符号的辅助下,网络交际才焕发出更大的活力。