社会学视阈下技术与组织关系研究的演进及反思

概括而言,技术与组织关系研究领域呈现出从技术权变论到社会建构论、双向互动论的研究视角演进。一方面,社会学视阈下的技术与组织关系研究,借助整体观、过程观和关系结构观等视角优势,多从宏观制度、社会结构、文化认同、群体利益等层面展开具体分析。另一方面,社会学视阈下的技术与组织关系研究,虽然承认效率和绩效考虑的重要性,但却强调不同组织主体利用技术实现特定目标的社会过程,并关注不同群体或个人的利益配置问题。     

成人高校社科联的功能定位与工作机制创新

成人高校社科联具有成立时间短,组织能力强,规模小、人员精,重教学、轻科研等特点,作为发展高校哲学社会科学的一支组成力量,成人高校社科联应结合自身特点,把握其在高校、社会、人才三个方面的功能定位,积极研究引导机制、协调机制、激励机制、评价机制等工作机制的创新,提升成人高校整体社科水平,助推哲学社会科学的繁荣和发展。     

Using communities of practice to enhance interdisciplinary teaching: lessons from four Australian institutions

We report on the establishment of communities of practice at four Australian institutions and evaluate their effectiveness and durability as a means of building staff and institutional capacity for interdisciplinary teaching. A community of practice approach is a potentially valuable methodology for overcoming dynamics of fragmentation, isolation and competition within universities. The communities we established were anchored by a shared focus on the topic of climate change and they worked collaboratively to build relationships of trust and reciprocity between teachers in a wide range of disciplines. The aim of each community was to improve the teaching of climate change through enabling members to integrate diverse disciplinary perspectives, to teach collaboratively, to promote innovation through exchange and to demonstrate leadership within their institutions. The key factors that made our communities effective and durable are: (1) designation of two leadership roles, activator and facilitator, (2) provision for institutional autonomy in domesticating the model to fit local circumstances and (3) a pragmatic emphasis on opportunities for teaching innovation and leadership within existing administrative structures, teaching programs and workloads. We conclude that suitably designed and resourced communities of practice are a viable means of improving interdisciplinary teaching of complex problems by facilitating both staff development and institutional learning.     

The impact of the organizational transfer climate on the use of teacher leadership competences developed in a post-initial Master's program

The transfer of learning outcomes of Master's programs for teachers is not self-evident. In this study, 18 teachers who recently graduated and their supervisors were interviewed on the transfer of leadership competences developed during their Master's program and on how the organizational transfer climate of the school supported or hindered this transfer. In schools with high levels of transfer, strategic partnerships between Master's-level teachers and formal leaders were observed, which facilitated a two-way process in which the application of new competences led to changes in the workplace. Therefore, the Master's program contributed to both professional development and school improvement.     

政校分开的对策：建立董事会作为大学最高决策组织

本文借鉴国外大学董事会先进管理经验,结合我国多年来高等学校设立董事会制度的实践,探讨在大学建立完善的董事会制度,将董事会作为大学的最高决策组织,通过它可以有效地将政府对大学的行政干预减少到最小。     

Blog在图书馆参考咨询工作中的应用

Blog作为一种充分发挥个人主导型和积极性的新型网络信息组织,已经被越来越多的人接受和认可。将Blog应用于图书馆参考咨询工作不仅是顺应知识社会的需要,也是图书馆自身发展的需要。文章介绍了Blog的由来和发展情况,分析、归纳了Blog的特点,探讨了blog在图书馆参考咨询工作中的应用问题。     

A novel patchwork model used in lecture and laboratory to teach the three‐dimensional organization of mesenteries

Anatomy teaching is seeing a decline in both lecture and laboratory hours across many medical schools in North America. New strategies are therefore needed to not only make anatomy teaching more clinically integrated, but also to implement new interactive teaching techniques to help students more efficiently grasp the complex organization of the human body. Among the difficult anatomical concepts that students struggle to understand, the anatomy of the peritoneal cavity with its complex projections of peritoneum could benefit strongly from new learning aids. In this report, an innovative teaching tool is presented to engage students during both lecture and laboratory, and help them build three‐dimensional (3D) mental maps of peritoneal cavity. The model consists of a patchwork of mesenteries and gut made from colored cloth stitched together onto a T‐shirt to denote the origin and outflow of each peritoneum projection. As the lecturer wears the life‐size model, the students can appreciate the 3D organization of the peritoneal cavity on a living body. In addition, the T‐shirt model can be used in parallel with dissection to ensure a strong reinforcement of the spatial understanding of the peritoneal cavity. Anat Sci Educ. © 2012 American Association of Anatomists.     

科技成果评价工作质量控制研究

文章对成果评价工作质量控制有关问题进行了探讨,对评价业务各参与方的职责进行了界定,对参与方 的主要工作进行了分析,特别是对评价机构工作质量控制管理体系、评价委托方所提供的评价材料质量控制等问题进 行了重点探讨,对所涉影响因素进行了分析,合理地提出了成果评价工作质量控制的有效措施。     

Implications for Library Organization and Guideposts for Education and Training: The Many Hats of the Interlibrary Loan Librarian

Abstract

To effectively manage an interlibrary loan (ILL) unit, the supervising librarian needs a variety of skills. Drawing upon published reports, interviews with ILL leaders, and experience at Iowa State University, the author outlines a new typology of seven skills, relating these diverse skills to the place of ILL in the library organization, and the need for a formalized approach to educating and training ILL librarians.     

The Dynamic Library

The Dynamic Library: Organizing Knowledge at the Sitterwerk – Precedents and Possibilities, Soberscove Press, 2015, is a compilation of essays on a symposium about new systems of knowledge organization. The symposium, Archives of the Future: New Orders of Knowledge at the Sitterwerk was held at the Sitterwerk art library, material archive, and exhibition space in St. Gallen Switzerland, November 2011. It brought together professionals from libraries, academia, and technology to brainstorm and share current work on future systems of organization. The Dynamic Library is a book that offers inspiration and opportunities for lively discussions within academic libraries.