模糊等值理论在数据清理中的应用

提出了规则合并的优化方法和重复记录聚类清除的方法.应用模糊等值理论,避免了传统等值理论非此即彼的僵硬方式,但清理过程中部分规则可能存在包含与被包含的关系,被包含的规则其等值度显然会相对较小,根据用户阀值提出了规则合并的优化方法,可减少重复记录的计算时间.基于同样的原因,规则间的包含与被包含关系将影响模糊等值度的误差分析,因此提出了利用忽略被包含的规则等值度提高误差分析精度的改进模糊等值理论误差分析方法.重复记录的核实通常需要人工逐条检测,易于出错,本文提出的聚类算法,可节省大量的用户劳动.最后给出一个实验,表明了规则优化的可能性.     

常温清洁锌钙系磷化液的研制

开发了1种用于钢铁表面涂装前处理的常温清洁锌钙系磷化液。该磷化液不含亚硝酸盐和重金属,在10～35℃下浸渍磷化5～10 min,1 m2即可生成质量约为2 g的浅灰色、均匀、致密的磷化膜,耐CuSO4溶液点滴时间达90～120 s,耐3%氯化钠溶液浸泡时间为230 min。     

非线性编辑实验室计算机进水的处理和后续管理

具体介绍了实验室计算机进水后的处理方法,如积水清理、计算机主机的清理和干燥等;总结了后续管理方法,如空调机和抽湿机的适当使用等。     

医院保洁的管理实践与成效

目的评估保洁工的管理方法及管理效果。方法采取培训-签约一再培训,因人定岗、因岗定薪,能级和人幽匕管理,业绩考核等措施。结果与5年前相比,保洁工对管理的依从性明显提高,虽然保洁工的人均保洁范围增加了一倍,但保洁服务质量却明显提高;医患双方对保洁工的平均满意度由5年前的8％上升为95％以上,投诉由平均每年35次,下降为11次,劳资纠纷由原来平均每年4例,下降为每年1例;结论提高保洁工职业素质,加强能级和人性化管理及业绩考核是医院保洁工作达标的有效措施,不但提高了保洁工作效率,也提高了医患对保洁工作的满意率,同时也达到了减员增效目的,为医院节约了成本。     

Solvent Vapour Use – The Unintended Consequences in Textile Conservation

ABSTRACT

The impact of solvent vapour from two solvents, acetone and industrial denatured alcohol (IDA), commonly used in adhesive reactivation in textile conservation, when applied to artificially soiled silk fabric through either Gore-Tex^® or Reemay^® membranes for exposure times of either 1 or 3 min, was measured using microscopy and ImageJ to monitor the movement of the solid particulates of the soiling, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) to monitor the movement of the oily components. Analysis using these techniques successfully showed the movement of large particulates through the textile and a decrease in the presence of oil. Analysis with FTIR-ATR showed that the application of solvent vapour by a poultice method produces more than just a surface change and the vapour can penetrate far enough into the fibres to cause a change in the level of oil through the entire textile. The results showed that the solvents and barrier membranes have characteristic differences which impact on the changes on the soiling. The application of acetone produced a greater change in the movement of oil on the front and back of the samples than the application of IDA, while a comparison between the barrier membranes showed a greater change occurring in the level of oil with the use of Gore-Tex^® rather than Reemay^®. The time of exposure to solvent vapour made little difference to the changes to the textile soiling. Quantitatively significant results were gathered from analysis of the changes in the oil measured with FTIR-ATR, and qualitative changes in the large particulate soiling, demonstrating the potential usefulness of ImageJ open access software in future historic textile soiling monitoring studies.     

陕西省中小企业生态化发展对策研究

陕西省中小企业占全省企业总数的99.9%,然而这些中小企业存在着严重的环境污染和资源浪费问题,已成为陕西省中小企业进一步发展的"瓶颈."根据中小企业的特点,从生态经济建设的高度,结合陕西省中小企业生态化发展的现状,提出推进中小企业生态化发展的对策建议,以期为中小企业生态化的持续发展提供切实可行的政策建议.     

Analysis and conservation of modern modeling materials found in Auguste Rodin's sculptures

Prior to the exhibition Portrait-making, Rodin and his models (2009), the Rodin museum wanted to restore two busts of Hanako and Clemenceau. Interestingly, these two sculptures contain pieces of modern modeling materials (MMMs) invented at the end of the nineteenth century as an alternative to clay or waxes. The poor state of conservation of the two portraits made any handling and exhibition impossible. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is twofold: to contribute to technical art history and conservation. Elemental and chemical analyses were done on samples from 12 sculptures (SEM–EDX, FTIR, GC–MS, GC–FID, XRD, synchrotron-based µXRF, µXANES, and µFTIR) aimed at identifying the composition of MMMs used by Rodin on plaster sculptures and establishing hypotheses about the origins of their degradation. This thorough study of their composition and degradation was necessary to implement an appropriate restoration plan. The development of conservation protocols adapted to such materials is rarely documented. Different tests were performed on mock-ups (pH, solubility, adhesion, consolidation, and cleaning). In particular, a protocol based on laser cleaning was developed and successfully applied to remove superficial dust and crusts so that the sculptures regained their original aspect.     

关键词共现方法识别领域研究热点过程中的数据清洗方法

[目的/意义] 针对关键词共现方法识别领域研究热点过程中数据清洗进行理论研究与探索,以辅助科研工作者准确识别领域研究热点。[方法/过程] 在文献调研的基础上,阐述数据清洗的定义和对象,并分析脏数据产生的原因和影响,进而制定数据清洗的步骤和方案,并采用实证研究方法对数据清洗的效果和方案的可行性进行验证。[结果/结论] 研究结果表明该数据清洗方案能够提高研究热点识别的准确性,从而证明了该方案的可行性。     

Surface cleaning? Yes,freshly grated Agar gel,please

Polysaccharide-based rigid hydrogels are by now well-established means for delivering water or, more generally an aqueous solution, to a surface in a controllable way so as to minimize diffusion and possible side-effects on water-sensitive materials during cleaning treatments. These gels can be applied as pre-formed solid bricks on planar surfaces or brushed onto objects in a semi-solid state. In this note, a different application procedure is presented, suitable for surface cleaning treatments of sensitive painted surfaces: pre-formed rigid gels grated to tiny particles that can be brushed onto the surface. A general discussion on the strategies that can be adopted when water is required to clean a water-sensitive soiled surface is presented, then the new procedure is discussed and a representative case study is shown, supporting the procedure described.     

短脉宽激光除漆理论清洗模型的建立

在理论上分别计算油漆的粘附力、短脉宽激光除漆时的漆层和基底的温度以及它们之间的脱离力,从而建立了短脉宽激光除漆的理论清洗模型,得到激光除漆的条件是脱离力大于油漆与基底之间的粘附力,满足此条件油漆就能被清洗．同时还可以通过理论模型进一步获得短脉宽激光除漆过程中漆层和基底的温度情况。最终得到使得漆层脱落但是基底又不被损伤的合适的激光参数,从而更好的指导实际的激光除漆过程．