中学生校外体育活动中的同伴效应研究

采用SFQS运动友谊质量量表,以及自编校外体育活动调查问卷,探讨在校外课程空间中,同伴间的运动友谊质量对于中学生校外体育活动的影响.结论:1、同伴为学习者提供了一个潜在的校外体育课程学习空间;2、运动友谊质量与学习者校外体育活动的参与程度相关;3、运动友谊质量存在着年龄、性别差异.     

朋辈教育在高校就业指导工作中的应用

应我国社会经济不断发展在职业领域带来的变革需要,各级就业指导部门都在不断加大投入、细化服务,指导大学生积极进行就业准备。除了传统的教育模式外,“朋辈教育”也被引入高校就业指导领域,以更具说服力、亲和力的教育模式,更具实践性、时效性的案例和经验,为学生传递最新鲜、最生动、最有代表性的择业就业信息,其应用对高校的就业指导工作体系形成了有效的完善和补充。     

公众参与创新的社会网络:创客运动与创客空间

技术与社会的协同发展催生创新组织形式的不断演变。近年来,信息技术与生产技术进一步融合,重构了传统的制造业和创新活动的边界,正在蓬勃发展的"创客运动"在这个过程中扮演着重要角色。基于文献调研、历史分析与参与式观察,本文追溯创客运动发展的历史,对创客运动和创客空间的概念、模式及特征展开初步分析,进而总结了创客空间的创新模式。本文认为,创客运动的发展根植于不断扩展的全球"创客空间"网络,显示出了以开源、大众创新为特征的新型创新模式,成为数字世界真正颠覆实体世界的助推器。本质上,创客运动代表了公众参与创新的新趋向。     

关于科学计量学相关问题的认识与思考

近年来,科学计量学研究相当活跃,出现了信息计量学、情报计量学、网络计量学等分支学科,产生了不同的研究流派。笔者对科学计量学发展中的一些问题进行了思考,包括科学计量学的研究内容、研究过程等的思考,以及对于普赖斯科技文献增长模型、科学计量指标与同行评议的思考等,对目前科学计量学的局限性和未来发展趋势做了总结。     

Tools for the classroom? An examination of existing sociometric methods for teacher use

Despite the recent technical and theoretical advances in the investigation of children's social relations, the inherent complexity of these methods may prevent their easy integration into the classroom. A simple and effective tool can be valuable for teachers who wish to investigate students' social realities in the classroom. Therefore, the present study aims to identify an effective sociometric method for educator's use in the classroom. Nine separate sociometric categorisations were created from peer reports of grade one students (N = 748). Methods that have different collection methods (nominations or ratings) show surprisingly low agreement, unlike those with the same collection method. Methods based on peer nominations showed the strongest correlations with students' behavioural traits. Based on these results, we discuss the relevance and usefulness of such methods for use by classroom teachers in identifying students' social realities.     

同行评议具有教育培训功能

审稿人、作者、编辑等参与者的素质会影响期刊同行评议的效率,运用恰当的方法使同行评议对所有参与者起到教育培训作用,可提高同行评议的质量,提高期刊学术水平。     

论提高学术期刊专家审稿质量的途径

质量是学术期刊赖以生存和发展的前提,而稿件的专家评审是保障期刊学术质量的重要环节;但在实际操作中却因为各种原因导致审稿达不到预期的效果。为了提高专家评审的质量,应从建立并完善审稿专家库、科学合理地设计审稿单、扩大稿件送审范围、构建审稿质量评价体系、提升专家对期刊单位的认同感和归属感等方面来保障期刊的质量。     

Peer assessment among first year medical students in anatomy

Peer assessment has been shown to be an effective tool to promote professionalism in medical students. Peer assessment may be particularly useful in anatomy dissection laboratory as the required close collaboration and long hours of anatomy laboratory provide students insights into their peers' work habits and interpersonal skills. The objective of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the use of a validated peer assessment tool in Gross Anatomy. Students in a first year medical school class evaluated three members of their dissection group using an online survey tool. The mid‐course and end‐of‐course evaluation included open‐ended comments, as well as a five‐point scale that measured three work habits, two interpersonal attributes and one overall score. All 267 students completed the assignment. The overall score and four of the five other assessed categories showed significant improvement from the mid‐ to end‐of‐course evaluations. Quantitative and qualitative data also revealed significant improvement among the students who received the lowest mid‐course assessments. Seventy‐six percent of the class agreed with the statement: “Based on the feedback I received, I made a change in how I worked with or taught my peers.” The use of this peer assessment tool used by students in anatomy was associated with improvements in work habits and interpersonal attributes, particularly by the cohort of students who received the lowest mid‐course feedback. Peer assessment offers students an opportunity to improve their interpersonal skills and work habits. Anat Sci Educ 7: 144–152. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

充分发挥专家在医学期刊审稿中的作用

介绍了在期刊审稿中专家应发挥的作用,探讨了我国医学杂志社或编辑部充分发挥审稿专家作用的几个途径。     

体育学习成就目标定向与初中生同伴关系的相关性研究

目的：探究体育学习成就目标定向与中学生同伴关系的相关性。方法：以分层随机抽样方法选取240名初中生,采用《运动中的任务和目标定向量表》（TEOSQ）和《同伴关系量表》（PRQ）测量其成就目标定向和同伴关系。结果：（1）相关分析（Bivariate correlations）发现,体育学习中任务定向与同伴关系显著正相关,而自我定向与同伴关系显著负相关;（2）经聚类分析（Clustering analysis）发现,中学生体育学习中存在三类复合目标定向类型：高任务/高自我型、中任务/中自我型和高任务/低自我型;（3）单因素多变量方差分析（0ne-way MANOVA）及事后比较（Tukey post-hoctest）发现,不同复合目标定向型的同伴关系存在显著差异;多重比较结果显示,同伴关系总体表现为高任务/低自我型组〉高任务/高自我组〉中任务/中自我组,且高任务/低自我型组和高任务/高自我组得分显著大于中任务/中自我组。即高任务定向结合适宜自我定向与高水平的同伴关系相关。结论：高任务定向单独或结合适宜自我定向与初中生体育学习中较高水平的同伴关系相关。