关于我国创新体系研究的几个问题

本文提出并分析了目前我国在创新体系研究中存在的几个较为突出的问题，认为我国的创新体系是一个事前概念，创新体系的研究应从国家、产业、区域等多个层次充分重视对具体问题的分析，应慎重开展不同区域之间创新体系及创新能力的评价和比较研究。     

知识管理环境下图书馆首席馆员制度的建立

图书馆知识管理时代呼唤全新的管理者。首席馆员就是在图书馆知识组织单元（业务部门）内，负责知识开发和知识利用，落实知识管理目标和任务，提高知识服务效能。本文通过图书馆建立首席馆员制度的必然性和先进性的论述，对首席馆员的岗位设置、职权利和角色定位作了探讨。     

Immigrant or refugee: perceived effects of colonisation of academia by market forces

Managers and personnel within tertiary institutions colonised by neo‐liberal ministrations and buffeted by the winds of a ‘change culture’ formed within the philosophical shifts of the last century can be considered in terms of ‘immigrants’ or ‘refugees’ within this new territory. The case story of this article is set in a college of education newly situated within a traditional university culture. Superimposed on that scenario is an ontology shift from academia to a neo‐liberal business model. The article considers how people, enculturated with an already established socio‐cultural paradigm where research, collegiality, democracy and the concept of academic freedom predominate, are challenged to reform their epistemologies to fit the definition of the new culture. The article is a theory‐based, qualitative report of a case study using anthropological parameters and terminology of cultures and culture change to map the impact of the change process on the epistemologies of people involved in claiming the post‐colonial space.     

Gendered communities of practice and the construction of masculinities in Turkish physical education

This paper analyses the construction of masculinities in Turkish physical education through Carrie Paechter's conceptualisation of gendered communities of practice. According to Paechter, educational communities of practice operate as sites of gendered activity. Membership within these communities contributes to the construction of a gendered identity. We suggest that this model is useful for conceptualising how Turkish young men come to engage with physical education classes which can be considered as masculine communities of practice. In one Turkish secondary class, we found that football was the most valued practice, determining boundaries of participation and differentiating levels of participation in the learning community. Young men who were immersed and excelled in football took up ‘full’ learning trajectories and became accepted as ‘fully masculine’ while those who were uninterested or non‐competitive in football took up marginalised learning trajectories. We suggest that these diverse learning trajectories came to reflect differentiated versions of masculinity.     

试论元极学的优生观

人本性、未性并存,要实现优生,据人天整体观,务必顺应自然以生发本性,在日常生活中注重天时、地利、人和。     

Stratification of environmental education and education for sustainable development in Australia: an analysis of positions vacant advertisements

Positions vacant advertisements discursively construct employment sectors, employers and employees. This paper uses content analysis, systemic functional linguistics and critical discourse analysis to investigate the discursive construction of environmental education and education for sustainable development through positions vacant advertisements placed with Australian online recruitment agencies. The results suggest a disturbing stratification between environmental education and education for sustainable development with respect to the terms and conditions, and the power dynamics operating in each sector.     

后冷战时期中美关系的发展与前景

冷战结束以来,中美关系经历曲折发展,但总体保持稳定。中美之间战略上的互不信任、在台湾问题上的根本分歧和美国“推进民主”对中国的影响都是中美关系长期发展的制约因素。但在全球化背景下,两国在重大战略和经贸领域又有许多共同利益,需要相互支持与合作。从短期看,中美关系可以保持稳定趋势,全面冲突的可能性不大;从长期看,中美关系的发展取决于双方的战略和政策选择,具有不确定性。     

试析乡土写作在“80后”文学中受冷落现象

新生代文学中存在城乡比例失调的问题,究其原因,是市场经济、商业化的操作造成了乡土写作在“80后”文学中受冷落的局面。本文从目前唯一有影响力的“农村80后”作者李傻傻入手,具体分析新生代的乡土文学。     

个性化教育的历史脉络和发展趋势

在世界教育思想发展的历史中,以注重个性发展、倡导因材施教和启发式教学为特征的个性化教育一直是人们关注的焦点。随着社会文化的进步和科学技术的发展,个性化教育越来越成为各种教育思想的核心内容和各国教育实践的基本追求。进入信息时代以来,在后现代主义思潮的影响下,个性化教育呈现出多元、和谐、开放的发展趋势,并成为终生教育追求社会公平的理想得以实现的基本保障。     

基于岗位职责的餐饮服务与管理课程内容设计

文章在对酒店管理专业毕业生主要就业和升迁岗位职责进行整理汇总的基础上,分析全日餐厅服务员、全日餐厅主管、大堂吧服务员、大堂吧主管、宴会服务员、宴会主管等六个岗位所必需的基础技能和管理知识,并在餐饮服务与管理课程中对应体现。课程内容对接企业岗位职责,有助于毕业生快速适应工作岗位,提升工作效率和工作质量,同时为职业生涯发展奠定良好基础。