基于引文网络的颠覆性技术发展路径研究

技术的发展路径研究可以在一定程度上追溯、探明和发现技术的发展方向,为技术预测提供支持,颠覆性技术作为当前国家战略的关注热点,从发展路径角度分析其特征,探寻其规律,为最终服务颠覆性技术发展具有重要意义。文章采用三方组结构模型的引文网络分析方法,结合三方组与网络遍历权值的关系,构建了基于网络论文重要性的技术颠覆性程度测度模型,实证研究了3D打印技术的三方组结构特征、网络特征及发展路径特征。研究表明,所构建的颠覆性技术发展路径测度方法能够动态测度较稳定的3D打印颠覆性程度,3D打印技术的颠覆性程度统计峰值出现在2003年,在2003年前稳步提升,2003年后保持稳定;通过三方组分析、网络分析和路径分析表明,在3D打印整体技术的一次颠覆过程中,伴随着其内部子技术的多次颠覆;在内部子技术方面,通过主路径分析发现3D打印技术的“选择性激光烧结”子技术经历了材料应用层面的多次颠覆。     

有机硅消泡剂的应用研究概述

概述了有机硅消泡剂的组成及特性,重点分述了有机硅消泡剂在化纤纺织、石油化工、造纸各应用领域的需求和应用情况,并对有机硅消泡剂在上述各领域的应用研究进行了展望。     

3D打印技术在建筑领域的应用及问题探析

我国对于作为第三次工业革命最具代表性技术之一的3D打印技术还处于探索阶段。针对材料选择、尺寸限制、安全性检验等阻碍推进3D打印技术在我国建筑领域应用的重大障碍,通过对3D打印技术在建筑领域适用性的分析及国内外的应用现状对比,从全寿命的角度出发梳理3D打印技术在决策阶段、实施阶段和使用阶段存在的问题,提出3D打印技术未来的发展方向,可以分成全尺寸打印、分段打印后现场装配和群组机器人打印3种模式;并建议未来进一步从材料、机器设备、标准体系、先进性技术、与传统建造方式协同发展等方向进行研究,促进3D打印技术在建筑领域中广泛应用。     

如何上好少数民族综合院校丝网版画课

丝网版画和铜版画、石版画、木版画有着共同的独特表现形式;丝网印刷是世界上最年轻的印刷工艺。民族综合院校上好丝网版画及其印刷课在当代有着重要的实用意义。要上好这门课,除了切实采取符合少数民族学生实际的各种措施外,艺术视知觉的培养非常重要。这种意识可以培养对周围事物的敏感性和审美方面的兴趣。视觉意识强,对事物的观察是开放性的,辅之实践能力的培养,可以共享视觉传播的终极效应,获得视知觉的信息与经验。     

A validated instrument measuring students' perceptions on plastinated and three-dimensional printed anatomy tools

Due to the modernization of the medical curriculum and technological advancements, anatomy education has evolved beyond cadaveric dissection alone. Plastination techniques, three-dimensional (3D) modeling, and 3D printing technologies have progressively gained importance. However, there are limited valid and reliable surveys to evaluate students' perceptions of these new anatomy tools. Hence, this study aimed to develop a validated instrument to measure students' learning satisfaction, self-efficacy, humanistic values, and perceived limitations of plastinated and 3D printed models. A 41-item survey (five-point Likert scale, 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree) was administered to Year 1 undergraduate medical students following a randomized controlled crossover study that evaluated plastinated and 3D printed cardiac and neck models. Ninety-six responses were received, and a factor analysis was performed with the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin sampling adequacy of 0.878. The confirmatory factor analysis yielded a 4-factor, 19 items model that had a good fit with the latent constructs of $x$² (147) = 211.568, P < 0.001, root mean square error of approximation = 0.068, root mean square residual = 0.064, comparative fit index = 0.946, and Tucker Lewis index = 0.937. The Cronbach's alpha for the individual factors ranged from 0.74 to 0.95, indicating good internal consistency. This demonstrated a psychometrically valid and reliable instrument to measure students' perceptions toward plastinated and 3D printed models.