体育社团自治在政府购买服务中的角色研究

在推广政府购买服务的大背景下,各级政府都乐于将体育社团选定为承接主体。但是当前的体育社团在社团设立、机构设置、业务活动开展、经费来源、内部章程、运行机制等方面都存在着种种困难。这种自治困境既使政府购买服务缺乏竞争环境,也使政府购买服务的合同制管理难以实现。因此,提出通过主张体育社团的自治制度设计、区分政府购买体育社团自身职能范围之服务、政府购买服务的行政合同法律关系之构建,将体育社团自治嵌入到政府购买服务的大背景中。     

基于Preker-Harding模型的大型公共体育场馆事业单位体制改革模式评价

采用典型案例调查法、专家访谈法,借鉴Preker-Harding模型理论对我国大型公共体育场馆事业单位管理体制改革模式进行评价。结果显示,我国事业单位场馆管理体制改革模式可总结为体制内部改革模式、事业单位企业化管理改革模式、企事业并轨改革模式、BCO改革模式、"事转企"改革模式、事业单位委托管理模式6种。结合Preker-Harding 模型设计了评价的8个纬度。分析认为,体制内部改革模式、事业单位企业化管理改革模式属于事业单位自主化运营模式,企事业并轨改革模式、BCO改革模式属于管理机构法人化模式,"事转企"改革模式属于企业法人模式,事业单位委托管理模式属于委托法人化模式。4种模式在政府作为所有者和监管者方面的职能不同,未来我国事业场馆改革目标和思路是分类改革,改革方向的近期目标是采用事业单位企业化管理模式,中期发展目标是借鉴BCO管理改革模式,长期发展目标是完善委托管理模式。     

我国农村公共体育服务研究述评与展望——基于CNKI数据库的知识图谱分析

运用文献计量法与图谱分析法,通过CNKI数据库信息平台,借助CiteSpace软件,对我国农村公共体育服务研究的发文量、作者、机构、关鍵词及高被引文献进行分析,并从农村公共体育服务体系;服务供给;发展现状与对策;服务均等化四方面分别述评,展望今后我国农村公共体育服务研究的发展趋势,指出农村公共体育服务供需研究;新农村社区公共体育服务实证研究;农村基本公共体育服务体系和服务标准化建设研究将成为未来的研究方向和重点.     

Accounting for quality: arts evaluation,public value and the case of “Culture counts”

Arts policy has a longstanding relationship with the concept of “quality” and the ways in which organisations measure, evaluate and account for it. Culture Counts, an evaluation system and digital platform, compiles data from standardised evaluation surveys of different stakeholder groups – organisations, audiences, critics, funders and peers – and provides the means to compare and triangulate data in an accessible format. As a result, it claims to provide a more effective, democratic tool for quality measurement of art, which demonstrates the public value of funding [Department of Culture and the Arts, & Knell, J. (2014). Public value measurement framework: Measuring the quality of the arts. Perth: Department of Culture and the Arts.]. Through qualitative research with two consortia of organisations involved in Culture Counts pilot projects in Manchester, England and Victoria, Australia, we explore these claims, comparing the reception and promotion of the system in both countries and considering its potential incorporation into policy assessment frameworks and adoption within arts organisations’ existing evaluation capacities.     

Lost and Found: Making Sense of Foreign Spaces and the Self with Public Transport

How does public transport both enable and restrict one’s negotiation and interaction with cultural, social and material landscapes? The understanding of social space and self is guided by one’s journey through those spaces, by witnessing events and public conduct. This article presents autoethnographic accounts of two communication studies researchers placed in Cape Town, South Africa, and Helsinki, Finland, for more than three months. In both situations, researchers relied on public transport with which they were unfamiliar. This study considers how those experiences were perceived, and how the researchers encountered and experienced the new social environments, local population and themselves.     

Evidence for data missing at random in youth physical activity monitoring research

This study examined whether or not activity monitor data collected as part of a typical 7-day physical activity (PA) measurement protocol can be expected to be missing at random. A total of 315 participants (9–18 years) each wore a SenseWear Armband monitor for 7 consecutive days. Participants were classified as “compliant” (86 boys and 124 girls) if they had recorded accelerometer data during 70% or more of the predefined awake time (7 AM–10 PM) on four different days; and “non-compliant” (44 boys and 51 girls) when not meeting these criteria. Linear mixed models were used to examine differences in energy expenditure (EE) levels by compliance across 10 different time periods. The results indicated that non-compliant girls were older (13.4 ± 2.9 vs. 12.2 ± 2.5) and taller (156.8 ± 10.3 vs. 152.8 ± 11.3) than their same gender compliant peers (P < .05). Comparisons of EE rates at segmented portions of the day revealed no differences between compliant and non-compliant groups (P ≥ .05). Differences in EE ranged from ?0.32 kcal · kg^?1 · h^?1 (before school time) to 0.62 kcal · kg^?1 · h^?1 (physical education class) in boys and ?0.39 kcal · kg^?1 · h^?1 (transportation from school) to 0.37 kcal · kg^?1 · hour^?1 (recess) in girls. The results showed that compliant and non-compliant individuals differed in a few demographic characteristics but exhibited similar activity patterns. This suggests that data were considered to be missing at random, but additional work is needed to confirm this observation in a representative sample of children using other types of activity monitors and protocols.     

交换视角下体育公共服务治理中的问题与对策分析

基于交换理论,以交换理性、交换结构、交换的不确定性为切入点,结合相关治理案例,对体育公共服务治理中的公共性偏移、合作性缺失、多元化不足等问题进行解释。研究认为,在体育公共服务治理中,当经济理性超过社会理性,各主体将形成损公利私的扭曲行为;资源状况的差异导致主体结构失衡,进而导致主体间形成控制与依附的关系,阻碍了以平等、协作为特征的主体间合作形成;不确定性影响了“体制外”组织的参与,导致“多元化”的不足。最后,以培育社会理性、平衡主体结构、降低不确定性三个角度出发,以规范各主体行为为抓手提出治理策略与建议。     

大众认知与运动休闲产业发展研究

运动休闲产业在中国是一个新兴产业,然而由于它具有健康性、时尚性和前瞻性的特点,近年来其发展显示出破竹之势,引来经济学人的普遍关注.然而作为一个综合性很强的新兴产业,其产业结构的构建和成熟发展许多诸多条件,而大众对产业的认知是诸多条件中最基础、最重要的一个.运动休闲相关业界人士必须积极宣传、教育社会各阶层正确认识运动休闲,使社会时尚、生活方式都融入运动休闲的理念,从而使运动休闲产业真正健康、可持续地发展.     

两权分离背景下公共体育场馆委托经营管理模式的应用研究

摘要：主要采用文献资料法、实地调查法和访谈法,基于公共体育场馆委托经营管理模式的相关理论、政策以及对多个项目的实践比较分析,提出委托经营管理模式的应用意义、需厘清的若干关键问题和发展建议,为创新体育场馆管理体制与运行机制提供理论参考。研究发现：采用委托经营管理模式运作公共体育场馆,可以减轻财政压力、提高场馆运营效率、避免国有资产流失,盘活存量资源、扩建增量场馆。指出应用委托经营管理模式需要厘清的关键问题：1)公共体育场馆的属性;2)公共体育场馆财政政策;3)公共体育场馆的服务内容;4)公益性服务的结构和价值补偿;5）掠夺性经营等。建议政府应加快制定运营方的准入、退出标准;完善公共体育场馆委托受托契约体系;构建公益性服务价值补偿的公共财政目标导向机制;协同运营方统筹公益性与经营性服务;邀请运营方参与场馆设计;建立强有力的监督约束机制。     

长跑运动的商业价值与健身价值互动研究

长跑运动是田径运动中的一类项目,在各级各类的田径比赛中,长跑都是必备的项目.而对于大众健身,长跑运动又是最受欢迎和最有效的运动锻炼方式,健身的跑步机就是为长跑运动爱好者准备的.正是因为长跑运动有这样的群众基础,所以商家开始在长跑运动上动脑筋,努力开发其商业价值,近年来流行的城市马拉松比赛无疑是长跑运动商业化开发的成功案例.在城市道路上举行的各种类型的长跑比赛本身就是一种很好的宣传,加之大众的参与和城市知名度的扶持,使得诸如城市马拉松比赛等长跑运动的健康价值和商业价值越来越受到商家乃至政府的青睐.