Reputation in the fifteenth century credit market; some tales from the ecclesiastical courts of York

This article explores the language used to defend reputation in instances of defamation, debt and theft presented before the ecclesiastical courts of the Archbishopric of York in the latter part of the medieval period. Finding a circulating language of trust and household credibility in the court papers, the argument concludes that the commodification of reputation was not a phenomenon brought about by the Reformation but that a reputation mechanism was intrinsic to the medieval market embedded in informal institutions, social norms and cultural dictates and enforced in the courts.     

新媒体时代的人格权保护 ——以回应权为中心

回应权是新媒体时代公众人物维护自己名誉利益的重要权利类型.未来回应权的塑形,应把握回应权彰显的双重伦理价值,适当扩张回应权的权利主体和义务主体,在适用对象上,弱化对事实陈述和意见表达的区分,明确回应权的具体适用规则和法律责任,并将回应权作为一种独立的民事权利置于未来的民法典人格权编中.     

“Scandalous!”: Reputation,impression management,and employee assistance programs (EAPs) in the NBA

This case study explores how the National Basketball Association (NBA) can rebuild its reputation in response to recurrent player scandals. The case centers on a reputation management firm that has been contracted by the league. The firm has been asked to develop programs that will permit players to make better decisions in their personal lives. NBA commissioner Adam Silver believes such programs will curb the likelihood of future player scandals, thereby enhancing the players’ lives and limiting their ability to damage the league's reputation. To commence the process, the firm has been invited to sit-in on a meeting with Commissioner Silver and a group of NBA staff members who have past work experiences assisting players with their transition to the NBA.This reputation management case study is positioned in two key areas: impression management and employee assistance programs (EAPs). Upon reading the case, answering the provided questions, and completing the activities, students should come to a better understanding as to how to proactively manage corporate reputation. While fictitious names are given, the case study is based on actual interviews with current NBA staff members. The case is ideal for courses pertaining to strategy, policy, organizational behavior, and human resource management. The case could also be useful for sport marketing and sport finance courses if adapted to investigate how the created programs are important for branding and value.     

Reputation disparity in teaching and research productivity and rewards in the context of consequences of institutionalization of Publish or Perish culture in academia

The reputation disparity between teaching and research has stirred up an unending debate. The age-long notion that teaching and research overlap has become a controversial issue in academia. Consequences of the institutionalization of Publish OR Perish (POP) abound in the literature. This paper investigates the reputations disparity between teaching and research productivity and the rewards for these academic activities. It explores which, out of teaching activities and research publications receive higher or less attention and rewards. Relevant existing literature was reviewed to establish the institutionalization of POP and its consequences of the reputations disparity between teaching and research and its adverse effects on these activities. Evidence from the literature reviewed reveals the existence of POP reputation disparity as part of its consequences. A key finding is that teaching activities are insignificant and unrewarded as research publications. Neither the effectiveness nor the number of teaching loads counts like the numbers of publications.     

Teacher liking as an affective filter for the association between student behavior and peer status

This study investigated how peer perceptions of teacher liking and disliking for a student shape students’ social cognitions by moderating associations between the student’s peer-perceived social behavior and peer liking and disliking status. We studied individual teacher liking and disliking as well as classroom norms as moderators of individual and classroom-level behavior-status associations. Peer nominations of (dis)liking, being (dis)liked by the teacher, and prosocial and aggressive behavior were gathered from 1454 students (M_age = 10.60) in 58 fifth-grade classes in the Netherlands. Results from multilevel analyses showed the teacher made a difference in particular for those students who were at-risk of low peer status, that is, those students who were perceived by many of their peers to show aggressive behavior and by few to show prosocial behavior. These students were disliked less and liked more when they were perceived by peers to be less disliked and more liked by the teacher. Furthermore, the amount of disliking associated with overt and relational aggression differed across classrooms, depending on norms of teacher liking. These findings may help teachers to understand and improve an individual student’s peer status, and alter the behavior–status dynamics in their class.     

Trusting Virtual Trust

Can trust evolve on the Internet between virtual strangers? Recently, Pettit answered this question in the negative. Focusing on trust in the sense of ‘dynamic, interactive, and trusting’ reliance on other people, he distinguishes between two forms of trust: primary trust rests on the belief that the other is trustworthy, while the more subtle secondary kind of trust is premised on the belief that the other cherishes one’s esteem, and will, therefore, reply to an act of trust in kind (‘trust-responsiveness’). Based on this theory Pettit argues that trust between virtual strangers is impossible: they lack all evidence about one another, which prevents the imputation of trustworthiness and renders the reliance on trust-responsiveness ridiculous. I argue that this argument is flawed, both empirically and theoretically. In several virtual communities amazing acts of trust between pure virtuals have been observed. I propose that these can be explained as follows. On the one hand, social cues, reputation, reliance on third parties, and participation in (quasi-) institutions allow imputing trustworthiness to varying degrees. On the other, precisely trust-responsiveness is also relied upon, as a necessary supplement to primary trust. In virtual markets, esteem as a fair trader is coveted while it contributes to building up one’s reputation. In task groups, a hyperactive style of action may be adopted which amounts to assuming (not: inferring) trust. Trustors expect that their virtual co-workers will reply in kind while such an approach is to be considered the most appropriate in cyberspace. In non-task groups, finally, members often display intimacies while they are confident someone else ‘out there’ will return them. This is facilitated by the one-to-many, asynchronous mode of communication within mailing lists.     

基于文本聚类的电子零售商信誉维度发现研究

信誉管理系统在促进顾客对电子零售商的信任过程中起着越来越重要的作用,它是电子零售商取得成功的重要因素和保证。顾客的文本评论是信誉管理系统的一个重要组成部分,其中蕴含了大量的零售商的实际交易和信誉信息。本文从顾客文本评论的视角,采用文本挖掘技术对大量的顾客评论进行文本聚类,通过分类整理和知识提取,以期找出顾客最关注的电子零售商的信誉维度。本研究选取国内最大的IT专业网站——中关村在线作为研究对象,通过一个应用实例详细说明了通过文本聚类发现电子零售商信誉维度的方法和过程。本研究对电子零售商的信誉维度知识发现具有重要意义,也能为电子零售商提高服务质量提供参考。     

C2C环境下感知信誉对购买意愿影响的实证研究

将感知信誉影响因素划分为6个方面,确定了感知信誉的4个维度,构建了一个感知信誉影响因素正向作用于感知信誉,进而影响消费者购买意愿的概念模型,并通过结构方程模型方法对模型进行检验,验证了感知信誉影响因素对感知信誉、感知信誉对消费者购买意愿的正向影响。最后,对交易平台如何改进信誉系统、买家如何选择高信誉卖家及卖家如何展示信誉等方面提出了相关建议。     

论舆论监督与"体育公众人物"的名誉权保护--从"范志毅名誉权"官司说起

范志毅诉媒体侵权案是10多年来因体育新闻引发的新闻官司中少有的媒体胜诉的案件,法院对新闻报道的尊重和其先进的法律理念在司法界引起了广泛的关注.文章以“范志毅名誉权”官司为切入点,对“公众人物”的起源、体育公众人物的内涵、“公众人物”名誉权保护原则及其“忍受义务”做了深入地探讨和分析.