The IR Has Two Faces: Positioning Institutional Repositories for Success

This article describes the ongoing efforts at University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) Libraries to evolve the role of the institutional repository (IR) and to effectively position it within the context of the Libraries’ collections, research support, and scholarly communication services. A major component of this process is re-examining the fundamental aims of the IR and aligning it to the Libraries and the campus strategic goals. The authors situate UNLV Libraries’ experience within the context of the current literature to provide background and reasoning for our decision to pursue two, at times conflicting, aims for the IR: one for scholarly communication and another for research administration.     

Technological research in the EU is less efficient than the world average. EU research policy risks Europeans’ future

We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the e_p index that equals the P_{top 1%}/P_{top 10%} ratio. By using the e_p index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The e_p index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk.     

科学过程技能的性别差异

本研究运用表现性评价方式评价科学过程技能,结果发现男女学生的总体科学过程技能不存在差异,但除找出变量之外,其他各过程技能均存在差异。最后,针对这种性别差异讨论了相应的教学和评价建议。     

科学发展观与生态文明建设

生态危机的发生呼唤着生态文明建设,生态危机产生的深刻原因正是两个极端的发展观所导致,一是宿命观导致的非发展的发展观,另一个是极端利己主义支配的"反发展的发展观"。生态文明建设必须有科学发展观的指导,首先是要在其指导下安排科学合理的制度体系。     

欧盟贯通科学仪器创新价值链的项目资助模式研究及启示

科学仪器是科学研究不可或缺的工具,是推进高水平自立自强的重要基石和保障。重大科技基础设施研发建设催生诸多具有产业应用前景的科学仪器及相关技术,但转移转化尚任重道远。欧盟基于“开放科学、开放创新与向世界开放”理念设立ATTRACT项目,尝试加速推进重大科技基础设施探测和成像相关的实验技术产品化与市场化,构建基于科学仪器创新价值链的创新生态系统。文章围绕国内科学仪器项目组织现状与管理特点,深入剖析ATTRACT项目的组织管理模式,以期为我国加速重大科技基础设施先进技术转化,优化科学仪器创新资源配置,突破高端科学仪器研发与转化瓶颈提供支撑和参考。     

科技成果转移转化人员收益分配模式的实践与探索——以对中国科学院15家院属单位调研为基础

科技成果转移转化（以下简称“转移转化”）作为实现科技向生产力和经济发展转变的关键,是提升科技创新体系运转效能、发展新质生产力的重要一环。目前,我国促进转移转化的政策内容不断充实、覆盖范围愈加全面,但产学研用衔接难、技术转化比例与效率双低、知识产权运营及转移转化服务专业度不够等直接影响转移转化的难题,仍未得到很好解决。一个重要原因是转移转化人员的收益分配模式不能有效匹配相关人员的工作属性和贡献,从而导致未能充分发挥转移转化人员的专业积极性。本研究从分析现有收益分配模式的问题入手,调研了15家中国科学院院属单位转移转化收益分配情况,对比国外成功案例与中国科学院案例收益分配模式的异同,分析造成收益分配模式不合理的学术和实践原因,提出工作建议,为转移转化工作的提质增效提供新思路。     

高校科研管理队伍建设现状与对策

本文针对我国当前科技与产业发展形势,探讨了我国高校科研管理队伍建设中存在的问题,并就在新形势下加强高校科研管理队伍建设提出相应的对策。     

建设国家热带作物工程技术研究中心的可行性探讨

针对热带作物生产发展现状,分析了热带作物产业在我国农业生产中的重要性,探讨了建立国家热带作物工程技术研究中心对提高热带作物产业的核心竞争力,加快我国热带作物产业健康发展的必要性和可行性。     

白族石刻历史档案数字化展示刍议

分析了传统白族石刻历史档案保护措施存在的问题,并提出构建3D虚拟博物馆全方位集中展示白族石刻历史档案,推动白族历史文化的传播和利用。