包装与表演视域下啦啦操运动的商业价值分析

通过对啦啦操运动的形象包装与表演艺术分析发现,包装艺术是啦啦操运动追求高度艺术性的体现,不仅对体育运动表演效果与审美价值有着重要影响,同时也是表演艺术不可分割的独特美学特征表现。在市场经济时代,商业活动与前沿时尚传媒不断推动着各种技术革新进步同时,同样也对啦啦操运动本身蕴含着巨大的商业价值。     

鄂西地区户外运动产业开发的研究

采用文献资料法、访谈法和实地调查法,分析鄂西地区开发户外运动产业的比较优势,提出政府要将户外运动产业作为鄂西地区的优势产业来扶持,重视区域内户外产业的整体规划,重视挖掘大众户外运动市场的需求,重视户外运动专业人才的培养,重视鄂西户外品牌的打造,重视对户外运动俱乐部的规范化管理。     

基于主客场赛季训练特点谈篮球比赛及其训练模式

运用文献资料法,结合自身实践经历讨论篮球主客场赛季训练的三大特点,分别从篮球比赛训练内容和手段、负荷特点、调控竞技状态及恢复训练四方面重点分析篮球主客场赛季训练模式,为篮球比赛和训练提供参考。     

湖北省男子竞技网球发展的困境与出路

采用文献资料、问卷调查、访谈、统计分析等方法,分析湖北省男子竞技网球运动员的培养模式及体制,找出阻碍男子竞技网球发展的因素,提出适合我国男子竞技网球发展的新模式。     

Analysis of lower limb internal kinetics and electromyography in elite race walking

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse lower limb joint moments, powers and electromyography patterns in elite race walking. Twenty international male and female race walkers performed at their competitive pace in a laboratory setting. The collection of ground reaction forces (1000 Hz) was synchronised with two-dimensional high-speed videography (100 Hz) and electromyography of seven lower limb muscles (1000 Hz). As well as measuring key performance variables such as speed and stride length, normalised joint moments and powers were calculated. The rule in race walking which requires the knee to be extended from initial contact to midstance effectively made the knee redundant during stance with regard to energy generation. Instead, the leg functioned as a rigid lever which affected the role of the hip and ankle joints. The main contributors to energy generation were the hip extensors during late swing and early stance, and the ankle plantarflexors during late stance. The restricted functioning of the knee during stance meant that the importance of the swing leg in contributing to forward momentum was increased. The knee flexors underwent a phase of great energy absorption during the swing phase and this could increase the risk of injury to the hamstring muscles.     

以辅导员为载体推动思想政治教育精细化

思想政治教育精细化是当前做好大学生思想政治工作的要求。高校辅导员作为对学生进行思想政治教育工作的一线工作者,是最直接的落实者和推动者,他们对精细化工作的执行程度直接决定了思想政治教育精细化的效果。因此,新形势下做好大学生的思想政治教育精细化工作,要以辅导员为载体,从辅导员自身的专业素养、规范的工作程序、细致的对象分析、具体的工作执行四方面来进行努力和探索。     

Lower limb joint kinetics during the first stance phase in athletics sprinting: three elite athlete case studies

Abstract

This study analysed the first stance phase joint kinetics of three elite sprinters to improve the understanding of technique and investigate how individual differences in technique could influence the resulting levels of performance. Force (1000 Hz) and video (200 Hz) data were collected and resultant moments, power and work at the stance leg metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP), ankle, knee and hip joints were calculated. The MTP and ankle joints both exhibited resultant plantarflexor moments throughout stance. Whilst the ankle joint generated up to four times more energy than it absorbed, the MTP joint was primarily an energy absorber. Knee extensor resultant moments and power were produced throughout the majority of stance, and the best-performing sprinter generated double and four times the amount of knee joint energy compared to the other two sprinters. The hip joint extended throughout stance. Positive hip extensor energy was generated during early stance before energy was absorbed at the hip as the resultant moment became flexor-dominant towards toe-off. The generation of energy at the ankle appears to be of greater importance than in later phases of a sprint, whilst knee joint energy generation may be vital for early acceleration and is potentially facilitated by favourable kinematics at touchdown.     

Rankings in professional men’s tennis: a rich but underutilized source of information

Abstract

Success in professional tennis is measured, at least in part, by rankings. However, there is little quantitative evidence to inform stakeholders regarding what represents the typical ranking progress of top-ranked players. The objective of this study was therefore to compare the ranking trajectories of male players whom achieved peak professional rankings in the Top 250, 175, 100, 50, 20 and 10. The 11,396 birthdates and weekly professional rankings of all players between 27 August 1973 and 31 October 2011 were collated. The peak ranks for each athlete according to their both chronological age and number of years on tour were identified and athletes were categorised into one of six career–peak ranking bands. One-way analysis of variance tests confirmed distinctive ranking trajectories, which were most pronounced among Top 10 players. The rankings of these players were statistically distinguishable following players’ second year on tour or by 17 years of age. The ranking signature of all Top 100 players emerged as significantly different to players that failed to enter the Top 100 by their fourth year on the tour. Indeed, the representation of ranking as a function of years on tour should be considered for use by tennis policy-makers in the future.     

Reliability and validity of the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 in young soccer players

Abstract

The present study investigated the test-retest reliability from the Yo-Yo IR1 (distance and heart rate responses), and the ability of the Yo-Yo IR1 to differentiate between elite and non-elite youth soccer players. A total of 228 youth soccer players (11–17 years) participated: 78 non-elite players to examine the test-retest reliability within 1 week, added with 150 elite players to investigate the construct validity. The main finding was that the distance covered was adequately reproducible in the youngest age groups (U13 and U15) and highly reproducible in the oldest age group (U17). Also, the physiological responses were highly reproducible in all age groups. Moreover, the Yo-Yo IR1 test had a high-discriminative ability to distinguish between elite and non-elite young soccer players. Furthermore, age-related standards for the Yo-Yo IR1 established for elite and non-elite groups in this study may be used for comparison of other young soccer players.     

Practice and play as determinants of self-determined motivation in youth soccer players

Abstract

Based upon predictions derived from the Developmental Model of Sports Participation, we tested whether hours in domain-specific play (self-led activities) and practice (coach-led activities) during childhood (~5–12 year) in an elite group of youth soccer players from the UK (N = 144) were related to motivation. Independent analysis of three different age groups (Under 13, 15 and 17 year) did not show relations between play and practice activities during childhood and global measures of motivation. However, secondary analysis showed that when controlling for years in soccer, years in the UK Academy system were negatively related to global indices of self-determined motivation (SDI) and positively related to controlled motivation for the oldest players. Despite predictions, there was no evidence that play during childhood was positively related to more SDI. Prospective research is recommended to enable more robust conclusions about the role of early developmental practice activities, especially early specialisation in a high-performance system, on both skill and psychosocial development.