Leveraging microgrants to support capacity-building workshops in low- and middle-income countries for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals

Twenty fifteen marked the year of assessment for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs that achieved the greatest success were those where evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions were implemented. The ability to practice evidence-based medicine is grounded in the creation of and access to medical literature that synthesizes research findings. The role that global health literature played in the success of the MDGs demonstrates that medical libraries and librarians have a role to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Librarians can hold capacity-building workshops that provide instruction on how to access evidence-based literature and also train health professionals to conduct synthesis research. Research findings conducted by in-country health professionals are more likely to address issues being faced by local communities and will afford the possibility of obtaining the necessary evidence-based answers that can then be used to implement policies to resolve public health issues identified in the SDGs.This paper discusses how an international team of librarians leveraged funding from a Medical Library Association/Librarians without Borders/Elsevier Foundation/Research4Life grant to hold a capacity-building workshop in Zimbabwe and follow-up online trainings. The workshop focused on accessing evidence-based resources and conducting synthesis research. Outcomes included the creation and policy implementation of evidence-based knowledge products in alignment with local needs and galvanizing a multisectoral group of key individuals who have gone on to collaborate toward the vision of creating a Zimbabwe innovation hub. Looking ahead, such grants can be leveraged to conduct capacity-building to support knowledge translation and other local training needs.     

BONAGE超声骨龄测试和X光拍摄两种骨龄检测方法的比较研究

通过判读手掌和手腕骨的X光成像图片来评价青少年骨龄是体育和医学界一直使用的传统方法,长期的实践应用已证明它是行之有效的。但为变革其固有的缺陷对新的评价方法的探索一直没有停止,其中以色列阳光公司研制的BoneAge超声骨龄检测仪利用定量超声原理来评价骨龄,已批量投入市场且已为国内部分省市的体育部门所采用。研究目的:对BoneAge超声检测方法和传统X光拍摄方法进行方法学比较分析,检验新方法的准确性和有效性,以维护骨龄检测的权威性和科学性。研究对象:5-17岁男女青少年322名。研究方法:(1)超声骨龄仪的可重复性试验(实验对象93名);(2)X光片判读结果与超声检测结果的比较。对223名男女青少年拍摄手掌(腕)骨进行X光拍摄后随即使用BonAge超声骨龄检测仪对同批对象进行手腕部超声扫描。将超声骨龄结果与两位专家对X光片盲式读片结果的平均值进行比较分析。研究结果:(1)对超声骨龄仪的可重复性实验结果表明,两次测试的骨龄均值无显著性差异且呈高度相关,提示该仪器总体稳定性良好;(2)对超声骨龄结果与X光骨龄均值比较的显示,无论是区分年龄段还是性别,两种评定结果之间均有较大的系统误差和随机误差,且这种误差随年龄段的增大而有所加大;对年龄段较高的人群,超声检测结果更易高估对象的骨发育程度;单因变量多因素方差分析表明,骨龄评价结果主要受到评定方法和年龄段因素的影响,而与性别因素关系不大;对超声骨龄和X光骨龄的相关程度和直线回归分析表明,尽管总体人群的两种评价结果存在高度相关,直线回归效果较好,但引入年龄段因素后,相关程度明显降低,回归效果较差,提示这两种方法之间不能相互替代。     

对有效教学理论的探析

通过对有效教学理论的概念、指导思想、哲学基础、原则、教学程序进行系统地分析归纳,发展并丰富了其内涵,希望这种理论能为提高高校教学工作效率提供有价值的参考,为课程教学改革提供新的理论依据.     

对民办院校打造良好社会形象问题的思考

民办院校必须重视打造自己良好的社会形象,良好的社会形象是民办院校的无形资产和宝贵资源。社会是民办院校的一面镜子。打造良好社会形象是一项艰巨的系统工程,注重内涵发展,始终把提高办学质量和人才培养水平放在首位,是这一形象工程的出发点、支撑点、着力点和落脚点。打造良好社会形象是全体员工的共同责任,需要脚踏实地的长期努力。     

Improving aspect extraction by augmenting a frequency-based method with web-based similarity measures

Online review mining has been used to help manufacturers and service providers improve their products and services, and to provide valuable support for consumer decision making. Product aspect extraction is fundamental to online review mining. This research is aimed to improve the performance of aspect extraction from online consumer reviews. To this end, we augment a frequency-based extraction method with PMI-IR, which utilizes web search in measuring the semantic similarity between aspect candidates and target entities. In addition, we extend RCut, an algorithm originally developed for text classification, to learn the threshold for selecting candidate aspects. Experiment results with Chinese online reviews show that our proposed method not only outperforms the state of the art frequency-based method for aspect extraction but also generalizes across different product domains and various data sizes.     

高校思想政治理论课新进教师系统培训的思考

师资队伍建设是高校思想政治理论课建设的重要内容,打造一支高水平师资队伍是提高思想政治理论课教育教学实效的关键。本文阐述了高校思想政治理论课新进教师系统培训的必要性,分析了高校思想政治理论课新进教师面临的困境,对高校思想政治理论课新进教师系统培训作了理性思考。     

我国近十年高等职业教育专业群研究综述

通过对近十年有关专业群的研究文章的梳理分析,专业群的研究主要集中在专业群概念、专业群的意义、专业群构建的原则和方法以及专业群建设内容等方面,并根据分析指出了研究的不足,为专业群研究的进一步完善提供方向。     

贵州省地方高校体育教育专业篮球课程建设问题研究

在体育教育专业的培养实践过程中,篮球同样是作为一门必不可少的课程,因此篮球课程体系建设与改革研究一直以来备受关注。地方高校体育教育专业篮球课程建设与改革问题成为篮球教学实践过程中一个不可回避的问题。论文在梳理当前我国高校体育教育专业篮球课程改革现状的基础上,围绕着地方高校体育教育专业篮球课程建设过程中的具体问题展开研究,包括篮球课程建设的科研实践问题、篮球课程建设的教学质量问题、篮球课程建设的教务管理问题和篮球课程建设的考核评价问题,最后对篮球课程建设的实施过程进行反思与总结,为地方高校体育专业球类课程建设提供参考。     

Research on teaching practicum – a systematic review

The aim of the present study is to conduct a systematic review research which focuses on research studies into the school practicum. In order to identify the main issues and also to provide a contemporary picture of practicum, 114 studies published on the topic are reviewed and analysed in terms of: (i) aims, (ii) main participants, (iii) methodology used and (iv) the main outcomes emerging. Many of the reviewed studies take pre-service teachers as their main participants. The review also shows that many practicum studies are relatively small-scale studies since they are mainly qualitative focused and findings derived from a relatively small sample. This suggests that more large-scale studies are needed in the field in order to provide greater insight into teaching practicum. Finally, this systematic review provides some food for thought in the area of practicum research and promotes further studies in this complex field.     

Translating Chinese Movie Titles into English:A Systematic Strategy

As a very important part of people’s daily life, film is a popular and influential medium. People from all over the world now have easy access to get to know China through Chinese movies. Therefore the...