旧机动车鉴定与评估课程实验教学改革初探

近年来随着我国机动车保有量的快速增加,汽车市场日益成熟,消费者对旧机动车的观念改变,使旧机动车相应的交易量快速增加。旧机动车鉴定、评估行业前景一片光明。但专业的旧机动车评估人才短缺现象日益凸显,根据市场需求,各高等职业院校开设了旧机动车鉴定与评估课程。通过理论、实验教学相结合的形式进行教学,但由于各种原因,实验教学的效果不太理想。本文通过分析该门课程中实验教学所存在的问题,进行了简单的探讨与比较,以求提高学生学习本门课程的效果。     

基于LPV近空间飞行器的快速故障估计

针对临近空间飞行器的纵向飞行的非线性模型,首先利用线性变参数系统的思想对高超声速飞行器模型进行线性化;其次,考虑在执行器故障发生的情况下,基于LPV建立NSV线乘性故障模型,进而引入一种快速自适应故障估计的算法,并与传统的自适应估计算法相比较,最后仿真验证快速故障估计算法能够大大减少故障估计的时间和提高估计的精度.     

纯电动汽车机电复合制动控制策略分析

为提高电动汽车能量利用率、改善车辆制动效果,依照制动踏板的不同工作状态,设计了一种并联制动控制策略。在制动踏板踩下的复合制动工况,按照相关制动法规对机械制动和再生制动进行合理分配;在滑行制动工况,以能量回收效率为目标函数,运用遗传算法优化电机在不同转速下的最佳制动转矩。分别在典型道路工况和常规制动工况下对该策略进行实车测试,结果表明:在中国轻型汽车行驶工况(CLTC-P)下,该策略的节能贡献度可达25.93%,在滑行制动工况能量回收效率较原车提升64.07%,车辆制动距离也有明显缩减。     

国内外新能源汽车发展情况调研

从发展目标、扶持政策、技术研发和典型产品等方面系统介绍了国内外新能源汽车的发展情况,并对比分 析了国内外主要做法。最后,提出了我国发展新能源汽车需进一步加强的措施和建议。     

浅谈汽车电路新技术

汽车12V电压使用已经半个多世纪,随着计算机在汽车领域里的广泛运用,环保、节能、舒适、豪华的消费趋势对汽车的性能提出了更高的要求,12V电压传统的胶质线已成为汽车发展的瓶颈。局域网、42V电压、扩能、直流转换器、输出多级电压可使汽车获得不同的功率,提高了汽车的安全性、可观性和实用性。     

关于车辆超速处罚程序的法律思考

随着经济的快速发展,大量私家车的出现,车辆因超速行驶的行政处罚也越来越多。本文主要对现行的关于超速处罚的各项法律依据及相关程序进行探讨,通过实际案件的分析,阐明在车辆超速的行政处罚中应当注意和需要进一步完善的各项程序问题。     

郑州市机动车新车入户量预测研究

对郑州市2009～2012年机动车新车入户量的数据进行一阶弱化算子处理,然后建立新车入户量的灰色模型GM(1,1),并预测了未来5年郑州市机动车新车入户量.     

Institutional complementarities: The origins of experimentation in China’s plug-in electric vehicle industry

A vast literature on technology transitions within industries suggests that early phases of new technologies are marked by periods of intense experimentation, but we know little about the conditions under which these periods emerge. We apply inductive, grounded theory-building techniques to examine what prompts firms to experiment across one emerging technology platform—plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs)—in China. Triangulating annual vehicle make and model sales data from 2003 to 2016 (plus monthly data from 2010 to 2016); 112 English and Mandarin archival documents from industry, academic, and news outlets; and 51 semi-structured interviews with industry, government, and academic stakeholders, we develop four in-depth case studies. We find that in contrast to the innovation trajectories of multinational and Chinese arms of joint venture (JV) firms, independent domestic Chinese firms (those with no history of international JV partnerships) are undertaking significant experimentation across multiple levels—infrastructure, core system, subsystem, and component—of the emerging PEV technology platform. We propose the concept of “institutional complementarities” to describe how interactions among institutions—here the national JV regulation and local market support and subsidies—may have turned regional markets into protected laboratories, extending the incubation periods for independent domestic firm experimentation. While this diverse experimentation may be an important antecedent of technology transition, consolidation induced by national policy standardization or competitive pressure may be required for PEV innovations to scale beyond their early, protected regional markets.     

新能源汽车产业的政策保护与利基构建——基于多层次产业演化的分析

依据产业演化观点,将新能源汽车视为是在原有交通运输体系中出现的利基,探究社会技术体系的转变和产业政策的保护性作用对新能源汽车利基演化的影响。研究结果表明,在利基层次上,存在着新能源汽车技术利基向市场利基的演化过程,且技术利基宽度与市场利基宽度显著正相关。在社会技术体系层次上,一方面产业政策所形成的保护性空间有助于新能源汽车技术转化,另一方面反映社会技术转变的因素对新能源汽车利基的形成具有显著影响,其中新能源汽车产销比和废气治理投入与市场利基的形成负相关,而燃油价格、消费者购买力和基础设施建设水平与市场利基的形成正相关。据此提出根据产业演化阶段和层次设计产业政策的思路和方案。     

Committee standards battles in the era of convergence: Implications for smart systems

By now, there have been many standards battles fought within the same industry or by multiple industries in the market-based standardization. In these battles, incompatible standards compete to win market dominance. While there is some research on standards battles found within a single committee, competitions in the committee-based standardization between standards from different committees or SDOs are underexplored. This paper categorizes the types of standards battles by the mode of standardization and the heterogeneity of actors. A new type referred to as ‘committee standards battles for converging systems’ is introduced and the dynamics of such battles is explored with two cases. The battle between the electric vehicle charging and the smart meter communication standard and the battle between two different vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication standards are analyzed. The failure in achieving compatibility between different committee standards on the same frequency bands results in communication interference that adversely affects the operation of smart systems. Social incompatibilities between actors and alliances from a mix of industries with vested interests towards a particular standard complicate the battling scene. The findings provide implications in terms of heterogeneity, actors, and government role in standards battles.