Kindergarten teachers adjust their teaching practices in accordance with children’s academic pre‐skills

This study examined the extent to which kindergarten children’s academic pre‐skills are associated with their teachers’ subsequent teaching practices. The pre‐skills in reading and math of 1268 children (655 boys, 613 girls) were measured in kindergarten in the fall. A pair of trained observers used the Classroom Assessment Scoring System instrument to observe 49 kindergarten teachers on their emotional support, classroom organisation and instructional support in kindergarten in the spring. The results of the multilevel modelling showed that low levels of academic pre‐skills in kindergarten classrooms in the fall predicted high classroom quality in the classrooms later on. The results suggest that the overall level of children’s academic pre‐skills in the classroom plays an important role in the ways in which teachers adapt their instructional practices to the needs of a particular classroom.     

数据发掘论题研究

数据库中知识发现（ＫＤＤ）是一个从数据中识别有效、新颖、潜在有用及完全可理解模式的非平凡过程。数据发掘（ＤａｔａＭｉｎｉｎｇ）是ＫＤＤ的核心构件。本文从一个新的角度来论述ＫＤＤ研究及应用的各个方面,强调数据发掘预处理研究的基本重要性     

间接测量数据算法探讨

通过对间接测量的数据处理方法──先平均法与后平均法的比较,对实验误差的影响和适用范围给出了两种方法．     

A culturally relevant teaching course: Reflecting pre‐service teachers’ thinking

As professors of Culturally Relevant Teaching, we seek to expand pre‐service teachers’ understanding of cultures through critical examination of personal cultural backgrounds, as well as, of those diverse groups who historically have experienced oppression in US society and its educational system. We share the story of how we develop and implement the course, setting it in the context of our teaching for a social justice‐oriented teacher education program in a predominantly White, rural, state university college. We indicate the literature from which we developed the course content and its activities; we analyze pre‐service teachers’ awareness of their cultural identities; and, describe the implications of this knowledge for teaching as reflected in the cultural autobiographies and narratives pre‐service students write at the beginning and end of the course. We hope this study will be helpful to other multicultural educators implementing similar courses.     

高校本科学前教育男生专业学习困惑的探究——基于两名学前教育本科男生的个案研究

本研究主要采用质的研究方法,基于对某高校本科学前教育专业2名男生专业学习的个案研究,具体而微地探究了高校本科学前教育男生专业学习的困惑,在此基础上,着重从教师专业发展的角度,分别从社会、高校及男生自身三方面提出关于促进学前教育男生专业学习的建议。     

教师职前培养的问题与对策

教师专业发展由职前培养、资格任用和在职培训三个阶段组成。职前培养是教师专业发展的起始阶段,对其今后的专业成长有着至关重要的影响。针对当前我国教师职前培养存在的问题,借鉴国外成功经验,提出相应的对策和建议。     

Sustainable development in early childhood education: in‐service students' comprehension of the concept

The purpose of this article is to explore day care attendants' comprehension of the concept of sustainable development (SD) and to analyse the associated pedagogical practices at their place of work in pre‐schools. The empirical data comprise written exam reports from 32 practising day care attendants attending an in‐service education course. The participants study early childhood education (ECE) part time at Mälardalen University, Sweden, and the rest of their time they work in their pre‐schools. The analysis was based on a qualitative content analysis approach, and the results show a multi‐faceted understanding of the concept. SD was seen as a holistic approach, an environmental issue or a democratic issue. The article explores how these different ways of approaching the concept relate to different attitudes and day‐to‐day practices in the pedagogical programme in the pre‐schools.     

江苏省女子皮艇运动员赛前训练期生化指标监测分析

运用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法和访谈法对江苏省参加2015年全国皮划艇锦标赛的10名女子皮艇运动员在赛前6周训练中血清肌酸激酶、血尿素氮、血红蛋白、红细胞积压、尿PH值、尿比重等指标进行监测。结果:在赛前第6周高强度大运动量后,运动员血清肌酸激酶、血尿素氮含量出现较大程度的上升,血红蛋白和红细胞压积整体偏低,表明高强度训练产生强烈刺激,且未能在短期内较好恢复;经过积极调整后,血液指标逐步降到正常水平,部分队员尿液指标处于正常值以外;第3周适当增加训练量和强度后,训练后增加了恢复手段与营养调整,第2周继续增加训练量降低强度,部分产生应激反应,采取积极恢复方法,赛前第1周整体处于正常范围。结论:生化指标能反映运动员对赛前运动负荷的适应情况以及身体机能的状况;通过及时分析生化指标变化,及时调整训练计划和恢复措施,能有效控制运动员身体机能;建议训练负荷的安排要循序渐进,因人而异;训练恢复方法多样。