Covid-19: Emerging Considerations for Body Sourcing and Handling. A Perspective View from Nigeria

The current Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic has spread to about 220 countries of the world and has resulted in a significant number of deaths globally. Infections are still on the rise, and the impact on the global death rate could be devastating. There are fears over the likely impact of a large number of deaths on body sourcing and handling of cadavers for teaching and research. Historically, epidemics come with several challenges and have often led to some level of negligence of ethical practices and health and safety regulations associated with body sourcing and handling. The authors highlighted some emerging problems in this article, focusing on Africa and Nigeria in particular. These problems include a higher risk of coronavirus exposure for body handlers, shortage of cadavers for teaching and learning, a lack of standard regulations leading to unethical body sourcing and handling, and a lack of monitoring and collaboration needed for a well-coordinated Covid-19 pandemic response strategy. If these issues are ignored, the previous gains made in anatomical ethical practices may be destroyed. Some useful recommendations for policymaking geared toward prevention or curtailing these emerging issues have been instilled in this article.     

The Unintentional Effects on Body Donation Programs of a Competency-Based Curriculum in Postgraduate Medical Education

As medical programs place increasing importance on competency-based training and surgical simulations for residents, anatomy laboratories, and body donation programs find themselves in a position of adapting to changing demands. To better assess the demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens and evaluate the possible impacts that competency-based medical education could have upon the body donation program of McGill University, Canada, the authors tracked, over the course of the last 10 years, the number of soft-embalmed specimens, along with the number of teaching sessions and the residents enrolled in competency-based programs that are using cadaveric material. The results reveal that the number of soft-embalmed specimens used within residency training increased from 5 in 2009 to 35 in 2019, representing an increase from 6% of bodies to 36.5% of the total number of body donors embalmed in this institution. Correspondingly, the number of annual teaching sessions for residents increased from 19 in 2012 to 116 in 2019. These increases in teaching are correlated with increasing number of residents enrolled in competency-based programs over the last 3 years (Pearson r ranging from 0.9705 to 0.9903, and R² ranging from 0.9418 to 0.9808). Those results suggest that the new skill-centered curricula which require residents to perform specific tasks within realistic settings, exhibit a growing demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens. Institutions’ body donation programs must, therefore, adapt to those greater need for cadaveric specimens, which presents many challenges, ranging from the logistical to the ethical.     

A Bioethos for Bodies: Respecting a Priceless Resource

The value that willed body donors provide to medical education is priceless. Their precious gift helps to teach anatomy, spatial relationships between morphological structures, anatomical variation, and professionalism to medical students in a way that plastic models, podcasts, and lectures cannot. They are also an important resource for medical research and a wide variety of postgraduate training opportunities. While many body donation programs throughout the world are nonprofit organizations, there are body donation companies in the United States that sell donors for-profit. These “body brokers” have accumulated large profits from this business. It is incongruous that others would profit from such a priceless, freely donated gift. To prevent this incongruity, it is proposed that the international anatomical community develop a normative culture (a bioethos) for body donation programs. This would involve the conscious and systematic development of ethical principles for the day-to-day policies and practices of institutions that collect and use human bodies. With the development of this bioethos, a cultural shift in how donors are treated would occur and, over time, this would become the normal practice. These principles would become fundamental and foundational for the procurement and use of priceless human tissues.     

做好文稿的退修工作

为了确保科技信息准确，快速，广泛地传播，编辑在做文稿退修时须把握好以下几点：1）注意对文稿内容，结构及统计数据的审查与质疑。2）注意对文稿标准化的审查与修改，使题名，摘要，关键词，名词术语，计量单位等符合科技期刊的标准化规范化要求。3）尊重作者劳动，退修意见力求准确，全面，具体，要求明确，确保一次退修成功。     

1994-2003年我国沙滩排球科研状况的分析与研究

对1994—2003年国内34种期刊发表的沙滩排球论文进行研究后认为,10年来,论文发表量呈上升趋势,但在1996—1998年间没有科研成果;研究内容主要集中在技、战术分析和宣传推广等方面;近年来开始出现生理生化、生物力学分析和心理训练方面的论文,并有较强的实用性和超前性,但在仪器设备、沙滩排球如何在基层开展以及市场运作方面的研究较少;论文采用的研究方法略显单调,缺少对实质问题的研究。     

沈阳体育学院2001-2005届本科优秀毕业论文现状分析

采用文献资料、数理统计分析等方法对沈阳体育学院2001-2005届本科优秀毕业论文进行统计分析,展示了沈阳体育学院本科学生的研究水平,旨在通过学生毕业论文反馈的有关信息,不断改进教学工作,分析探讨本科学生论文的研究现状,并在此基础上提出若干建议。     

医学信息咨询服务运行方式和方法

本文阐述了医学信息咨询服务的两种运行方式和开展医学信息咨询服务的一些体会。     

编辑写论文更应题文相符

近年来国内编辑方面的论文存在题名与内容不相符合的问题，主要有8种表现形式。     

病历档案的证据法属性

病历档案是对患者进行的医疗活动的全过程的真实记录。它是以诊断、治疗疾病为目的 ,对就诊人的健康状况、检查情况、患病情况、诊断方法、医务人员对病情的发生、发展、转移的分析、治疗方法、治疗护理过程和治疗效果等全部医疗活动的全面而真实的记录 ,它是经医务人员、医疗信息管理人员收集、整理、加工后形成的具有科学性、逻辑性、真实性的医疗档案和医学文书。因此 ,病历资料档案是医疗质量、技术水平、管理水平综合评价的依据 ;是医学科学的教学与科研的第一手资料 ,对于医学科学的教学与科研具有重要的参考价值 ;特别是一旦产生医疗…     

基于本体的简帛医药知识组织研究

［目的/意义］ 中医药是中华文化的传承,对现代医学发展具有重要作用,应受到高度重视。利用数字技术组织中医古籍,对其进行保护与重用具有重要意义。［方法/过程］ 以简帛医药文献为研究对象,分别构建简帛医药书目本体和内容本体,并通过书目本体和内容本体的连接形成简帛医药文献本体模型;利用命名实体识别模型抽取实体概念,利用依存句法分析和规则的方法抽取实体关系,最终将简帛医药文献数据存入图数据库,实现简帛医药文献知识图谱可视化与检索查询结果呈现。［结果/结论］ 利用本体和知识图谱,提出简帛医药知识组织方法,建立具有逻辑关系的简帛医药知识链,形成中医药领域知识的语义网络,在中医古籍的智能化方面做出有益的探索,有助于中药知识的普及与传承。