Application of velocity loss thresholds during free-weight resistance training: Responses and reproducibility of perceptual,metabolic, and neuromuscular outcomes

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the differences and long-term reliability in perceptual, metabolic, and neuromuscular responses to velocity loss resistance training protocols. Using a repeated, counterbalanced, crossover design, twelve team-sport athletes completed 5-sets of barbell back-squats at a load corresponding to a mean concentric velocity of ~0.70 m·s^?1. On different days, repetitions were performed until a 10%, 20% or 30% velocity loss was attained, with outcome measures collected after each set. Sessions were repeated after four-weeks. There were substantial between-protocol differences in post-set differential ratings of perceived exertion (dRPE, i.e., breathlessness and leg muscles, AU) and blood lactate concentration (B[La], mmol·L^?1), such that 30%>20%>10% by small to large magnitudes. Differences in post-set countermovement jump (CMJ) variables were small for most variables, such that 30%<20%<10%. Standard deviations representing four-week variability of post-set responses to each protocol were: dRPE, 8–11; B[La], 0.8–1.0; CMJ height, 1.6–2.0; CMJ PPO, 1.0–1.8; CMJ PCV, 0.04–0.06; CMJ 100ms-Impulse, 5.7–11.9. Velocity loss thresholds control the magnitude of perceptual, metabolic, and neuromuscular responses to resistance training. For practitioners wanting to reliably prescribe training that can induce a given perceptual, metabolic, or neuromuscular response, it is strongly advised that velocity-based thresholds are implemented.     

Virtual and Classical Universities between Complementarity and Contrast

This essay reflects upon the themes that emerged from the seminar "Teaching and Organization of Studies in the Virtual and Classical University: Conflict and/or Mutual Reinforcement", for which the articles appearing in this issue of Higher Education in Europe were originally prepared. The reflections are organized around four major themes: (i) the acceleration of change in higher education owing mostly to the ICTs; (ii) complementarity and contrast between virtual and classical universities; (iii) institutional responses to change; and (iv) quality issues. Various agendas for further attention are proposed.     

A fluid collection system for dermal wounds in clinical investigations

In this work, we demonstrate the use of a thin, self adherent, and clinically durable patch device that can collect fluid from a wound site for analysis. This device is manufactured from laminated silicone layers using a novel all-silicone double-molding process. In vitro studies for flow and delivery were followed by a clinical demonstration for exudate collection efficiency from a clinically presented partial thickness burn. The demonstrated utility of this device lends itself for use as a research implement used to clinically sample wound exudate for analysis. This device can serve as a platform for future integration of wearable technology into wound monitoring and care. The demonstrated fabrication method can be used for devices requiring thin membrane construction.     

评定复杂协调性项目运动员能力的理论依据和测试选择

专项运动员协调能力始终是竞技后备人才培养问题的焦点。为了确定协调能力与技/战术能力、调整能力发展水平、青少年运动员和成年运动员心理/生理功能发育之间的相互关系,评定复杂协调性项目运动员能力,利用测试作业对训练过程各个阶段中协调能力的发展动态进行跟踪,比较这些结果,同时对各个运动项目运动员的协调训练程度进行比较分析。测试结果有助于了解青少年运动员协调训练程度的基本概貌,编制针对具体基础性协调能力发展水平的分辨性评定的标尺,同时确定协调训练程度总的水平。结果显示:协调能力作为制约比赛活动效果的因素之一,其意义越来越重要,从而决定了开展针对研制诊断协调训练程度计划的研究的必要性。作为测试作业的基础应当是有科学依据的理论,它不仅使监督性测试具有心理/生理学含义,而且能揭示某一种协调能力发展中存在的个体差异的本质。     

Women's voices on recovery: a multi-method study of the complexity of recovery from child sexual abuse

OBJECTIVE: The current study was exploratory and used multiple methods to examine patterns of stability and change in resilient functioning across 7 years of early adulthood. Second, qualitative data were used to examine in greater detail survivors' own narratives about correlates of healing. METHOD: This study was longitudinal and used both structured and open-ended interviews. Eighty women with documented hospital records of child sexual abuse were interviewed at two time points 7 years apart in early adulthood. Structured interviews including investigator-based questions and standardized measures of trauma exposure and functioning were conducted. A subset of 21 survivors participated in in-depth, open-ended interviews about coping with sexual abuse. RESULTS: Quantitative findings showed patterns of both stability and change on an index of resilient functioning across multiple domains in the 7 years between interviews with 76% of participants showing less than a one standard deviation change in scores. Lower resilience was associated with exposure to additional trauma between the two interviews (r=-.44) while positive functioning was related to social role satisfaction and positive sense of community. Qualitative data permitted examination of the dynamic quality of recovery over time including the role of "turning points" across the lifespan. CONCLUSIONS: The findings extend previous studies of resilience in the examination of how it changes over the course of one segment of the life cycle. This study supports recent work that described resilience as a non-linear process and further highlights factors including the role of re-traumatization, social supports, and opportunities for making new choices that may be important correlates of recovery processes among sexual abuse survivors over time.