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This paper develops the concept of graduate identity as a way of deepening the understanding of graduate employability. It does this through presenting research in which over 100 employers in East Anglia were asked to record their perceptions of graduates in respect of their employability. The findings suggest a composite and complex graduate identity, depending on employer size and sector. There is no one fixed identity for graduates. Nevertheless, certain themes emerged that seriously put into question the traditional model of graduate employability comprising skills, competencies and attributes. What emerges is a four‐stranded concept of identity that comprises value, intellect, social engagement and performance. Thus, when assessing the potential of graduates, performance is not the only criteria that employers take into account. Moreover, the four elements of identity are by no means independent of each other but are expected to interpenetrate producing a composite identity, with different employers emphasising different facets of this identity.
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Situating Skills   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The discourse surrounding skills in education and learning has often been dismissed as mere 'skill–talk'. This article seeks to reject this criticism by arguing that much of the criticism of skill–talk rests on an unsatisfactory behaviourist view of skills. Another approach towards considering skills is also considered, an approach deriving from the Aristotelian concept of technē , but this is also rejected. It is suggested that the concept of 'situational understanding' provides the best way of thinking about skills. This approach firmly situates the learning of skills within context: the possibility of all–purpose generic skills is rejected. At the same time, this approach helps to articulate what is needed from the standpoint of agency if skills are to be 'transferred'.  相似文献   
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This paper is concerned with the screening hypothesis of schooling and the issue of deschooling for developing countries. Initially the mechanics of the screening hypothesis are described and it is argued that if the hypothesis is accepted, deschooling is a next possible step. This leads to a very brief survey of Reimer's book School is Dead. In the second half of the paper recent data from Northern Nigeria are presented which indicate (a) a recent slowing down of primary enrolments, (b) a decline in, already poor, secondary school examination results, (c) an inability to promote formal technical schools as a base for technical training. Turning to the employment sector, data are presented from a sample of Nigerian textile workers which show that while both the unschooled and the primary school leaver start off at the same rate of pay, the unschooled worker falls progressively behind. Similar data, and conclusions, are also presented from a survey of small scale industry workers. Although both these results support the productive rather than the screening role of schooling, caution must remain since it may be that the schooled belong to a different ability group from the unschooled. Finally it is argued that in Nigeria the ideas of the deschoolers may have more relevance at the secondary school level, partly because the actual results of these have been so poor and partly because the existence of thousands of, at least partially, trained workers in the small scale sector suggests that alternatives to formal schooling do exist.  相似文献   
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This paper explores the meaning of education in contrast with 'pedagogy'. Whereas education can be defined as 'learning for its own sake', pedagogy can be defined as learning oriented towards social goals. An attempt to find an adequate conceptualisation is first of all sought in Aristotle, but his concept of education is found to depend on too narrow a concept of rational activity. A more adequate conceptualisation is found in Michael Oakeshott's contrast between morality and enterprise associations. However Oakeshott's definition of education needs modifying if it is to take account of the idea of critical knowing, which is seen as crucial to any definition of education.  相似文献   
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In the second half of 1944, Jean-Paul Sartre wrote an essay entitled ‘Anti-Semite and Jew’. He analyses what might be termed the moral pathology of the anti-Semite. Such a person, Sartre suggests, has chosen to enact a passion, a passion of hatred. The motive is the desire for ‘impenetrability’ – a disavowal of reasoned argument – and a pleasure taken in the assertion and re-assertion of what is known to be false. Sartre’s essay was written hurriedly and looking back over 70 years, we can see its flaws. But I suggest that the kernel of his analysis of the anti-Semite is compelling, especially in the context of the growth of anti-immigrant prejudice in the UK and elsewhere. Using Sartre as a starting point, I discuss the nature of prejudice and suggest that to counter prejudices, a civic education is needed that emphasises a narrative of liberty.  相似文献   
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