网络时代大众传播研究者面临的挑战与机遇——从受众研究和内容分析说起

互联网似乎是一把双刃剑 ,它为受众调查和内容分析提供了新的机遇 ,但是多年来研究者们所遇到的一些老问题依然存在。大众传播研究趋于改善还是恶化 ,将取决于研究者使用互联网的技能。     

档案学与信息技术

信息技术（Information Technologies)影响了档案管理的观念和；方法。并要求它们要适应IT的发展，许多信息技术专家认为，档案学的方法，原则甚至概念都过时了，作者在本文中，则论证档案学能帮助我们回答IT给档案管理带来的问题，强调了档案工作者与信息技术或电子归档专家的合作。     

国际图联关于“世界知识产权组织未来发展日内瓦宣言”的立场(2004年9月28日)

国际图联(IFLA)对《世界知识产权组织未来日内瓦宣言》表示认可和欢迎。国际图联迫切要求世界知识产权组织对于知识产权法的不平衡、信息垄断、技术保护措施、数字鸿沟加大,以及自由贸易协定等问题予以陈述和表态,并力劝其针对世界范围的知识产权问题,考虑发达国家和发展中国家的不同需要,采取全新步骤。参考文献4。     

Analysis of the urban/rural broadband divide in Canada: Using GIS in planning terrestrial wireless deployment

Millions of Canadians residing in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote communities do not have broadband Internet access. This situation has led to a national “broadband divide.” That is, the deployment of wireline broadband is very limited in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote areas because of the significant expense of installation and maintenance of the wired infrastructure needed to reach dwellings in these locations.Terrestrial broadband wireless technology, on the other hand, does not entail the same kind of physical infrastructure. As a result, there are dramatic changes in how spatial considerations affect the provision of broadband Internet services (BIS) to areas beyond the urban zone. In particular, the spatial question is now focused on assessing the capacity for different technological solutions to reach profitable population bases, and brings to the forefront organizations that are developing non-line-of-sight (NLOS) technologies that would permit wireless Internet access over much greater distances than current solutions.We begin this paper by establishing the importance of broadband connectivity to Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote communities. This discussion comments on the role of the Government of Canada in the provision of broadband connectivity to residents of these communities, and outlines the current regulatory issues that govern wireless services and policy formulation.The second part of the paper illustrates the use of geographic information system (GIS) approaches in the study of wireless broadband planning and deployment. Case study findings suggest that GIS applications can make a significant contribution to the analysis of wireless deployment planning, to the understanding of the relationships between wireless signal sources and consumers, and to the spatial configuration of terrestrial wireless broadband networks. We conclude the paper by discussing how the GIS approach employed could be used to inform the public policy process with regard to increasing access to broadband Internet services in all regions of the country, and thereby providing the opportunity for all Canadians, regardless of location, to fully participate in the Information Society.     

Anonymous personalization in collaborative web search

We present an innovative approach to Web search, called collaborative search, that seeks to cope with the type of vague queries that are commonplace in Web search. We do this by leveraging the search behaviour of previous searchers to personalize future result-lists according to the implied preferences of a community of like-minded individuals. This technique is implemented in the I-SPY meta-search engine and we present the results of a live-user trial which indicates that I-SPY can offer improved search performance when compared to a benchmark search engine, across a variety of performance metrics. In addition, I-SPY achieves its level of personalization while preserving the anonymity of individual users, and we argue that this offers unique privacy benefits compared to alternative approaches to personalization.     

DC词表的维护:实践、策略与模型

DCMI维护着一个包含众多元数据术语的词表，其中最主要的是包括15个元素的都柏林核心。然而，DCMI所关注和讨论的并不只是这个核心集，以及围绕这个核心集的实践、策略和模型，DC元数据模型已经由最初的单一模型进化成一个完整的框架，可以通过这个框架对应用DC元数据的各种实践进行评估。这些术语及其以前的版本现在都由统一资源标识符(URI)来标识，并建立了网页和形式化的schema文档，在注册系统中被编成索引，在具体的应用纲要(application profiles)中被引用。DCMI正在寻求一种简单易行的维护机制，一方面推荐使用不断变化和增长的核心标准，另一方面承认和重用其它的词表作为必要的补充，这两者之间需要建立一种平衡。