The condition is critical: continuing professional development of library and information services staff

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Rupture and adaptation: British technical expertise to the Singapore Polytechnic and the transition to a nation-state

The Singapore Polytechnic underwent a period of both rupture and adaptation as British advisers worked with the post-colonial government to facilitate technical education reform and Singapore’s transition to a nation-state. Established in 1958 and based on the metropolitan model, the Singapore Polytechnic constituted an imperial project for orderly development and decolonisation. It encountered criticisms from nationalists for its colonial links and a brief period of conflict between the advisers and the post-colonial People’s Action Party (PAP) government, underlining colonial Singapore’s uneven transition to its post-colonial future. However, the PAP quickly repaired its relationship with the advisers to plan the next phase of the Polytechnic’s development into a technical university in the 1960s. Unlike many other cases, the history of the Singapore Polytechnic suggests that technical experts, while tied to political interests, did not always fail.     

线性分式规划的Frank-wolfe优化算法

线性分式规划在经济管理领域有着广泛的应用,但分式规划是非线性优化模型,相对复杂。利用Frank-wolfe优化方法,将带有线性约束条件的一类线性分式规划转化为线性规划,求得此类线性分式规划的局部最优解;同时给出了算法的步骤,讨论了收敛性定理;通过数值实验,发现该算法具有迭代次数少等优点。     

Fifteen hundred guidelines and growing: the UK database of clinical guidelines

BACKGROUND: The National Library for Health offers a comprehensive searchable database of nationally approved clinical guidelines, called the Guidelines Finder. This resource, commissioned in 2002, is managed and developed by the University of Sheffield Health Sciences Library. METHODS: The authors introduce the historical and political dimension of guidelines and the nature of guidelines as a mechanism to ensure clinical effectiveness in practice. The article then outlines the maintenance and organisation of the Guidelines Finder database itself, the criteria for selection, who publishes guidelines and guideline formats, usage of the Guidelines Finder service and finally looks at some lessons learnt from a local library offering a national service. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical guidelines are central to effective clinical practice at the national, organisational and individual level. The Guidelines Finder is one of the most visited resources within the National Library for Health and is successful in answering information needs related to specific patient care, clinical research, guideline development and education.     

略论基础教育的特点及其意义

现实当中出现的大量分化现象和失衡现象表明,一些力量或因素似乎正在把基础教育变成另外的样子,而这使我们回到了一个基本问题上,即基础教育应该是怎样一种教育?本文简要论述了基础教育的基础性、全民性和全面性等主要特点,借以重述对该问题的看法。