好大学理念与大学文化建设

“好大学”是一个价值概念,是一个可为更多大学提供参照的发展目标,也是校长治校的目标和依据。从反映大学本质属性的大学文化的角度看,好大学应具有理想主义的大学精神、高品位的人文环境和科学的大学制度。三者形成一个以精神文化为核心,制度文化居中,环境文化处外的同心圆,共同成为建设好大学的基本要素。     

Analysis of instruction for critical thinking in distance learning materials

This paper discusses procedures for the analysis of instructional strategies incorporated into distance learning materials, especially with regard to the development of the higher order cognitive ability—critical thinking. It examines the function of task analysis as an integral part of the instructional design process, analysing three different approaches available to the instructional designer towards the analysis of tasks required of distance learners. Comparing the learning hierarchy, the concept hierarchy, and the information processing approaches, it was found that the latter was the only one suitable for this current study because of the requirement that critical thinking be linked with domain‐specific knowledge, rather than be learned as an independent ability. Different algorithms for both the student and the designer/analyst are included as part of the information processing approach, and, although these methods are yet to be validated, they seem to offer sufficient promise, while allowing the analyst to make further decisions during the analysis.