情商教育促进中小学生健康成长

情商是一个人成长道路上不可缺少的因素之一,从某种意义上讲,它比智商更能决定一个人事业的成败与幸福.随着生存环境的变化,每个人的心理、情感、认知判断发生着深刻的变化,而我们的家庭教育、学校教育往往重视智力的投资和开发,却忽略了情商对孩子的影响.     

Assessment in early childhood education: threats and challenges to effective assessment of immigrant children

Research indicates that early childhood professionals gather assessment information to monitor child development and learning, to guide curriculum planning and decision making, to identify children who may have special needs, to report and communicate with others, and to evaluate programmes. A review of literature indicates that immigrant children have low achievement assessment scores as compared with mainstream American children, also immigrant children enter kindergarten already behind their mainstream American peers. The current study explored early childhood teachers' perceptions of assessment measures used with immigrant children and the challenges faced when assessing immigrant children. Findings of the study reveal that there are several factors that make early childhood teachers fail to gather effective assessment information from immigrant children. Unless the factors are addressed, planning for effective curriculum for immigrant children using assessment data will continue to be a challenge for early childhood teachers. Factors that continue to affect gathering effective assessment data from immigrant children include language barriers, cultural clashes, socio‐economic factors, and culturally and linguistically biased assessment measures.     

中国依法治国进程中的法律文化建设

加强社会主义法律文化建设是依法治国的内在要求。本文从法律文化的涵义及功能出发,分析了当代中国法律文化的结构。指出建设社会主义法律文化对依法治国的深远意义,并对建设社会主义法律文化的途径作了探讨。     

Studying on the increasing temperature in IT-SOFC： Effect of heat sources

The dimensions and the materials type limit the performance of fuel cell. The increase of the temperature in electrodes and electrolyte of the cell,is due to the over potential of activation (transfer of load),the over potential Ohmic (resistance of polarization),the over potential of reaction (heat released by the chemical reaction) and the over potential of diffusion. In this paper,we studied the thermo-electrical performance of an intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) with electrode supported. The aim of this work is to study this increasing temperature of a single cell of an IT-SOFC under the influence of the following parameters: heat sources,functioning temperature and voltages of the cell,geometric configuration and materials type. The equation of energy in one dimension is numerically resolved by using the method of finite volumes. A computing program (FORTRAN) is developed locally for this purpose in order to obtain fields of temperature in every element of the cell.     

Formation des enseignants dans une perspective d'education permanente au benin

Résumé Il serait bon d'instaurer un système d'éducation permanente formant la synthèse des trois types d'éducation formel, non-formel et informel, qui existe déjà à l'état embryonnaire. L'observation peut en être faite au Bénin à partir de la formation des enseignants, indicatrice des transformations sociales et culturelles. A l'origine confiée à chacun des personnages sociaux, l'éducation était un passage permanent d'initié à initiateur, une éducation-production dans l'agriculture, qui rejoignait 1'éducation permanente et fut restreinte par la réorganisation de la formation des enseignants à partir de 1945. Leur formation continue est encore insuffisante en raison de la limitation du financement extérieur des stages de recyclage, le manque d'enseignants et la suspension de leur recrutement, la fermeture des Ecoles Normales. La réforme de 1975 prévoit dans le cadre de l'Opération Education et Développement la liaison entre école et milieu, alliant travail intellectuel et travail productif, qui bouleversa la fonction de l'enseignant, confrontée à l'évolution technique et l'engageant dans une auto-formation permanente difficile mais concluante. L'enseignement est fondé sur un thème de milieu analysé à l'école et à l'extérieur dans le but d'apporter les transformations nécessaires: l'école devient ainsi moteur du développement. Les restrictions imposées par la Banque Mondiale et la croissance démographique provoquent par ailleurs un développement de la formation continue et de l'apprentissage: la Production Scolaire Artisanale à l'adresse des non-scolarisés et des artisans réunit ces deux éléments. La création d'un système cohérent d'éducation permanente en tant qu'idée volontariste rompant avec les traditions serait possible, dans le cadre d'une société elle-même éducative.

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The history of teacher training in Benin, which provides evidence of social and cultural change, suggests that a system of lifelong education should be introduced which unites formal, non-formal and informal education, all of which already exist in embryo. The education originally given to every member of society was a continuing progression from initiate to initiator, a lifelong education that involved, among other things, knowledge of agricultural production. This traditional system was disrupted by the reorganization of teacher training after 1945. Recurrent training of teachers remained inadequate because of limited external funding for in-service training, the lack of teachers, the suspension of recruitment and the closure of teacher training colleges. The 1975 reform, through the initiative known as Operation Education and Development, envisaged links between school and social environment, allying intellectual work with production. This meant a radical change in the role of the teacher, who was confronted with technical advance and was obliged to enter a difficult continuing process of self-training. Furthermore, population growth and the restrictions imposed by the World Bank have brought about developments in both lifelong learning and apprenticeship. These two elements are brought together under an initiative known as Production Scolaire Artisanale, designed for out-of-school learners and artisans. The author concludes that the creation of a coherent system of voluntary education would be possible in a society that was itself favourably disposed to education.

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Zusammenfassung Die Geschichte der Lehrerfortbildung in Benin, die Beweise für soziale und kulturelle Veränderungen bringt, legt es nahe, ein System für lebenslanges Lernen einzuführen, das formale, nicht-formale und informelle Bildungsformen vereinigt. Alle diese Bildungsformen existieren bereits in Ansätzen. Die ursprünglich jedem Mitglied der Gesellschaft zugängliche Bildung war eine kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung vom Lehrling zum Meister, eine lebenslange Bildung, die u.a. Kenntnisse landwirtschaftlicher Produktion einschloß. Dieses traditionelle System wurde durch die Umorganisierung der Lehrerausbildung nach 1945 zerstört. Wiederholte Lehrerfortbildungen blieben wegen begrenzter externer Bezuschussung der Berufsfortbildung, Lehrermangels, Einstellungsstopps und der Schließung von Lehrerausbildungseinrichtungen unzureichend. Die Reform von 1975 sah durch die als Operation Bildung und Entwicklung bekannte Initiative eine Verkettung von Schule und sozialer Umgebung vor, die intellektuelle Arbeit mit Produktion verband. Dies bedeutete eine radikale Veränderung der Rolle des Lehrers, der mit technischem Fortschritt konfrontiert und gezwungen wurde, einen schwierigen andauernden Selbstlernprozeß zu durchlaufen. Weiterhin haben die von der Weltbank auferlegten Beschränkungen sowie das Bevölkerungswachstum zu Entwicklungen in lebenslangem Lernen und Lehrzeit geführt. Diese beiden Elemente werden in einer als Production Scolaire Artisanale bekannten Initiative zusammengefaßt, die für außerhalb der Schule Lernende und Künstler konzipiert wurde. Der Autor erörtert im Schlußteil, daß die Schaffung eines zusammenhängenden Systems freiwilliger Bildung in einer Gesellschaft möglich wäre, die in sich der Bildung gegenüber positiv eingestellt ist.

     

Special knowledge needs of family enterprises in transition economies: experiences from Slovenia

In many countries throughout the world the majority of enterprises are family ones. Particularities in the development and management of family enterprises create needs for special knowledge. Therefore, in providing knowledge to these enterprises consideration must be given to their complexity, which is derived from the involvement of a family in ownership and management. In this paper, we discuss the importance of knowledge created and transferred from external sources such as counselling, publications, and education and training programs. External sources of knowledge considering the unique characteristics of family enterprises are well developed in many countries with established market economies. In Slovenia and, we believe, in many other former socialist countries, such external sources of knowledge are rare and still developing. The results of our research in Slovenia show that more than two-thirds of family business owners-managers regard such sources of knowledge as unimportant. This paper analyzes the reasons for such a finding.     

Ranking marketing journals using the Google Scholar-based hg-index

This paper provides a ranking of 69 marketing journals using a new Hirsch-type index, the hg-index which is the geometric mean of hg. The applicability of this index is tested on data retrieved from Google Scholar on marketing journal articles published between 2003 and 2007. The authors investigate the relationship between the hg-ranking, ranking implied by Thomson Reuters’ Journal Impact Factor for 2008, and rankings in previous citation-based studies of marketing journals. They also test two models of consumption of marketing journals that take into account measures of citing (based on the hg-index), prestige, and reading preference.     

制度与知识互动推动我国高等院校人才培养观念的转变

制度与知识的互动是推动社会经济增长的重要因素。但是好的制度能够促进知识的创新,不好的制度选择会阻碍或遏制知识的创新。制度与知识创新互为相关。教育制度的创新是知识创新的重要部分,大学培养的人才是推动制度创新和知识创新的基本要素。我国改革开放的成功充分证明,经济制度的改革创新,推动了我国高等教育体制的改革创新,从而推动了我国人才培养观念的转变。创新人才的培养是我国高等教育面对21世纪的根本任务。     

现代化进程的生命线--当代世界的思想政治教育

了解当代世界各国思想政治教育的状况,可以使我们更深刻地认识思想政治教育对实现现代化的服务和保证作用,加深对思想政治教育本质和规律的认识.当代世界的思想政治教育在改革和发展中经历了三个阶段,表现出六大特征和趋势.研究其主要经验和存在的问题,对加强和改进我国的思想政治教育有着重要的借鉴意义.